LTL Syntax, Semantics, Equivalences | 22C 196, Assignments of Computer Science

Material Type: Assignment; Class: 22C - Topics in Computer Science; Subject: Computer Science; University: University of Iowa; Term: Spring 2007;

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22c:196:002 Logic in Computer Science
Spring 2007
Homework 4
Due: Fri, Mar 9, at 7pm
1 LTL Syntax
Do Problem 1 of Exercise 3.2 in Section 3.8 of the textbook.
2 LTL Syntax
For each of the statements below write an LTL formulas that best expresses the statement.
1. There is a state where both pand qhold.
2. It is always the case that if pholds in a state, then it holds in all the following states.
3. Either pnever holds or it holds infinitely often.
4. It is always the case that if pholds in a state then qholds in the following one.
5. It is always the case that if pholds in a state then qholds in the previous one.
6. It is always the case that if pholds in a state, then it holds in all the following states.
7. If pholds in the initial state then qnever holds.
3 LTL Semantics
Consider the model Min figure 3.39 on page 246 of the texbook, where the variables aand bare
written with an overbar in a state iff they are false in that state.
For each formula ϕbelow,
(i) describe a path form the initial state q3that satisfies ϕ, if any;
(ii) describe a path form the initial state q3that falsifies ϕ, if any.
If a requested satisfying or falsifying path does not exists, write “None”.
1. G a
2. a U b
3. X¬bG(¬a ¬b)
1
pf2

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22c:196:002 Logic in Computer Science

Spring 2007

Homework 4

Due: Fri, Mar 9, at 7pm

1 LTL Syntax

Do Problem 1 of Exercise 3.2 in Section 3.8 of the textbook.

2 LTL Syntax

For each of the statements below write an LTL formulas that best expresses the statement.

  1. There is a state where both p and q hold.
  2. It is always the case that if p holds in a state, then it holds in all the following states.
  3. Either p never holds or it holds infinitely often.
  4. It is always the case that if p holds in a state then q holds in the following one.
  5. It is always the case that if p holds in a state then q holds in the previous one.
  6. It is always the case that if p holds in a state, then it holds in all the following states.
  7. If p holds in the initial state then q never holds.

3 LTL Semantics

Consider the model M in figure 3.39 on page 246 of the texbook, where the variables a and b are written with an overbar in a state iff they are false in that state. For each formula ϕ below, (i) describe a path form the initial state q 3 that satisfies ϕ, if any; (ii) describe a path form the initial state q 3 that falsifies ϕ, if any. If a requested satisfying or falsifying path does not exists, write “None”.

  1. G a
  2. a U b
  3. X ¬b ∧ G (¬a ∨ ¬b) 1
  1. X (a ∧ b) ∧ F (¬a ∧ ¬b)
  2. G ((¬a ∧ ¬b) → X b)
  3. G ((¬a ∧ ¬b) → G X b)
  4. F G b
  5. G F b
  6. G F b → G F ¬b
  7. X (¬a ∧ X G b)
  8. (a ∨ b) U (¬a ∧ ¬b)
  9. (b → a) U ¬b
  10. b R a To describe paths unambiguously, write them as sequences of states and use an expression of the form (s)ω^ to indicate the infinite repetition of the subsequence s. For instance, use q 3 q 4 q 3 (q 2 )ω to denote the path starting with sequence q 3 q 4 q 3 and continuing with an infinite sequence of q 2 ’s. Similarly use (q 3 q 4 )ω^ to the path starting with q 3 and alternating forever between q 3 and q 4.

4 LTL Equivalences

Relying on the definition of semantical equivalence for LTL formulas, as defined in the textbook show that the left-to-right part of the following equivalences hold.

  1. ¬Gϕ ≡ F ¬ϕ
  2. ϕ 1 U ϕ 2 ≡ ϕ 1 W ϕ 2 ∧ F ϕ 2
  3. ϕ 1 W ϕ 2 ≡ ϕ 1 U ϕ 2 ∨ G ϕ 1 To do your proof, for each equivalence assume an arbitrary model M and path π in M and argue based on Definition 3.6 that if π satisfies the first formula then it satisfies the second.