LUNG SOUNDS, Exercises of Human Physiology

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LUNG SOUNDSLUNG SOUNDS

• (^) Bronchus lumen that air has to pass away

Normal Sound =Normal Sound =

Breath Sound Breath Sound

• (^) Produced by TURBULENT FLOW in the larger airways  creates audible vibrations in the airways  producing sounds  transmitted through the lung & Chest wall  it is altered by Normal lung (normal lung tissue act as low-pass filter  Attenuation (diff between bronchial & Vesicular)

Auscultation of the lung

• (^) listening for sounds produced in the lung to identify normal or abnormal lung sounds
• (^) a stethoscope is designed for better transmission of sounds to the examiner
• (^) the room should be quite
• (^) vesicular or normal, bronchovesicular, tracheal, bronchial

ABNORMAL Breath Sounds

BRONCHIAL

• (^) The Lung Increases in density (Pneumonia, atelectasis) : Vesicular  Bronchial
• (^) Normal air filled lung becomes Consolidated  Attenuation reduced  similar sound (upper large airways & Consolidated lung)

Abnormal Breath Sounds

Diminished Breath sounds

• (^) Intensity of sound at the site of generation (larger airways) is reduced. Ex : shallow or slow breathing pattern
• (^) Increase Attenuation. Ex: Hyper inflated lung tissue, Obstructed airways (mucus plug)
• (^) Reduce transmission of breath sounds through the chest wall. Ex : Air or fluid in pleural space, obesity

A. Anterior Bronchovesicular B. Posterior Bronchovesicular C. Anterior Vesicular D. Posterior Vesicular

Auscultation of the lungs

Adventitious sounds: abnormal lung sounds superimposed on normal Sounds **discontinuous: cracles ** continuous: wheeze , stridor, ronchi (low pitch wheeze)

WheezingWheezing

• (^) Continuous ALS, easy recognized
• (^) Generated by  Vibration of the Walls of Narrowed or Compressed airway as air passed through at high velocity
• (^) The pitch of Wheeze independent of the length of the airway BUT related directly to the degree of airway compression.
• (^) The tighter compression  the higher of the pitch