Management processes, Slides of Management Fundamentals

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MANAGEMENT

PROCESS

SOMYA B.COM ( HONORS) ESSENTIALS OF MANAGEMENT

CONTENT

1. What is management
2. Management process
3. Planning 3.1 Planning process 3.2 Hierarchy of organizational plan 4 Organizing 4.1 Organising process 4.2 Types of departmentation 5 Staffing 5.1 Staffing process 6 Directing 6.1 Elements of directing 6.2 Leadership styles
4. Controlling 7.1 Controlling process 7.2 Controlling techniques 8 Conclusion

MANAGEMENT PROCESS PLANNING ORGANISING STAFFING DIRECTING CONTROLLIN G (Management is a continuous process)

PLANNING Planning is the function of determining in advance what is to be done and how it is to be done. Planning is defined as the process of setting objectives for a given time period ,formulating various courses of action to achieve them , and then selecting the best possible alternative from among the various courses of action available. Planning seeks to bridge the gap between where we are ( present state of affairs ) and where we want to go ( desired future state of affairs ). According to Urwick ,“Planning is a mental predisposition to do things in orderly way , to think before acting and to act in the light of facts rather than guesses.

OBJECTIVE

STRATEGY

OPERATIONAL

PLAN

STANDING

PLANS

SINGLE

USE PLANS

POLICY,METHOD

RULE,PROCEDU

RE

PROGRAMMES,

BUDGETS

HIERARCHY OF ORGANISATIONAL PLANS

ORGANISING Organising is the process of defining and grouping the activities of the enterprise and establishing authority relationships and among them. Under this work is divided into convenient tasks, grouping such tasks in form of positions , grouping of various positions in to departments , assigning tasks to various positions , and delegating authority to these positions so that the work is performed as planned. Organising function leads to efficiency of the organisation by ensuring that all necessary activities are performed by the relevant persons. According to GEORGE TERRY , “ Organising is the establishing of effective authority relationships among selected work ,persons , and work places in order for the group to work

TYPES OF DEPARTMENTATION

STAFFING Staffing is described as the managerial function of filling and keeping filled the positions in the organization structure. This is achieved by, first of all, identifying requirements of workforce, followed by recruitment, selection, placement, promotion, appraisal and development of personnel, to fill the roles designed into the organization structure. Staffing function is related to employment of personnel of all types – managerial as well as operative in the organization. It includes a variety of activities through which the organization tries to ensure that various positions remain filled by the most suitable personnel. It is performed by every manager in the organization like other managerial functions : planning, organising, directing, and controlling, though they receive considerable staff assistance in performing staffing function.

Directing is the process of instructing, guiding, motivating, and leading people in the organization to achieve its objective. When people are available in the organization through staffing process, they must know what they are expected to do. This is done by superiors through directing. Initially, they communicate their subordinates what to do and how to do. Afterwards, there is continuous process of directing in the form of motivating subordinates and leading them for better performance. “ Directing is the heart of management process ” Directing is important for the efficient and effective functioning of the organization as it guides towards achievement of common objectives. Through directing, managers not only tell the people in the organization as to what they should do, when they should do and how they should do but also that their instructions are implemented in proper perspective. DIRECTING

ELEMENTS OF DIRECTING Supervision: It implies overseeing the work of the subordinates by their superiors. It is the act of watching and directing work and workers. Motivation :Motivation refers to the way in which urges, drives, desires, aspirations, strivings and needs direct, control and explain the behaviour of human beings. Leadership : It is the process of influencing the behaviour of people by making them strive voluntarily towards achievement of organizational goals. Communication : It is a process by which people create and share information with one another in order to reach common understanding.

CONTROLLING Controlling function of management implies the measurement of accomplishment against the standard and the correction of deviations to assure attainment of objectives according to plans. Controlling seeks to compel events tovconform to plans. It comes in picture after the performance results are available. Controlling involves identification of performance results, comparing these with standards set, identifying deviation between the two, taking necessary corrective action if the deviation is beyond the acceptance level.

CONTROLLING PROCESS

Management simply means a specific process of planning, organising,

staffing, directing and controlling the efforts of the people who are

engaged in activities in business organization in order to attain

predetermined objective of such organizations

CONCLUSION