Managing COPD Exacerbations, Exams of Nursing

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NEW GENERATION NCLEX QUESTIONS FOR 2023 EXAM

All Answers are correct. All the Best!

New NGN Question Formats:

Matrix multiple-choice

Matrix multiple-response

Multiple-response: Select all that apply

Multiple-response: Select N

Multiple-response: Grouping

Drag-and-drop: Cloze

Drag-and-drop: Rationale

Drop-down: Cloze

Drop-down: Rationale

Drop-down: Table

Highlight: Text

Highlight: Table

Bow-tie

Trend

The New Gen Nclex has 150 questions but only 135 questions are scored.

Matrix multiple-choice:

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes. Which of the following

actions should the nurse take when administering insulin? Select all that apply.

A. Verify the correct dose with another nurse.

B. Administer insulin via intramuscular injection.

C. Monitor the patient's blood glucose level.

D. Check the expiration date of the insulin.

1. Answer: A, C, D.

Matrix multiple-response:

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with hypertension. Which of the following

lifestyle modifications should the nurse recommend to the patient? Select all that

apply.

A. Limit sodium intake.

B. Increase physical activity.

C. Reduce caffeine intake.

D. Avoid alcohol consumption.

2. Answer: A, B, C, D.

Multiple-response: Select all that apply:

Question: A nurse is assessing a patient who is receiving chemotherapy. Which of

the following symptoms should the nurse report to the healthcare provider? Select all

that apply.

A. Nausea and vomiting.

B. Fatigue and weakness.

C. Hair loss.

D. Dry mouth and difficulty swallowing.

3. Answer: A, B, C.

Multiple-response: Select N:

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of heart failure. The patient's

weight has increased by 5 pounds over the past week. Which of the following actions

should the nurse take? Select 2.

A. Increase the patient's diuretic dose.

B. Restrict the patient's sodium intake.

C. Increase the patient's fluid intake.

D. Administer oxygen therapy.

4. Answer: A, B.

Multiple-response: Grouping:

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient who has just undergone surgery. Which of

the following interventions should the nurse take to prevent complications? Group 1:

Respiratory interventions. Group 2: Circulatory interventions.

a CPM machine can help prevent blood clots. Finally, assisting the patient

with ambulation helps promote healing and prevent complications.

Drop-down: Cloze:

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving chemotherapy. The patient

is at risk for due to the side effects of the medication.

17. Answer: neut

Cloze:

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving chemotherapy. The patient

is at risk for neutropenia due to the side effects of the medication. The nurse should

monitor the patient for signs of infection, such as fever, chills, and increased white

blood cell count.

Drop-down: Rationale:

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure. The patient is prescribed

furosemide (Lasix) for diuresis. The nurse should monitor the patient for which of

the following adverse effects?

Answer Choices:

A. Hypotension

B. Hyperkalemia

C. Tinnitus

9. D. Bradycardia

Rationale:

Answer: A. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause hypotension by decreasing

fluid volume and blood pressure. The nurse should monitor the patient's blood

pressure and electrolyte levels, especially potassium, which can be depleted by the

medication. Tinnitus and bradycardia are not common adverse effects of

furosemide.

Drop-down: Table:

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient who has a new prescription for oral

contraceptives. Which of the following medications can interact with oral

contraceptives and decrease their effectiveness? Select all that apply.

10. Answer Choices:

Medication Interaction

Rifampin Increases metabolism of oral contraceptives

Ampicillin Decreases effectiveness of oral contraceptives

Anticonvulsants Increases metabolism of oral contraceptives

Cimetidine Increases blood levels of oral contraceptives

Answer: Ampicillin and anticonvulsants can interact with oral contraceptives and

decrease their effectiveness by increasing metabolism. Rifampin can also increase

metabolism, while cimetidine can increase blood levels of oral contraceptives.

Highlight: Text:

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of asthma. Which of the

following medications should the nurse administer first in the event of an acute

asthma attack?

Answer Choices:

A. Albuterol (Proventil)

Carvedilol (Coreg) Bradycardia

Answer: Spironolactone can cause hyperkalemia by blocking the aldosterone

receptor and increasing potassium retention. Furosemide can cause hypokalemia by

increasing the excretion of potassium in the urine. Lisinopril can cause hypotension

by blocking the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone

Bow-tie:

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of chronic obstructive

pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following interventions should the nurse

prioritize to prevent exacerbations of COPD?

13. Answer:

Cause:

Risk factors for COPD exacerbations

Prevention:

Interventions to reduce the risk of exacerbations

Cause:

Air pollution

Respiratory infections

Allergies

Weather changes

Inadequate treatment or medication adherence

Prevention:

Encourage patient to avoid triggers

Promote hand hygiene and infection prevention

Ensure patient is adherent to medication regimen

Teach patient about signs and symptoms of exacerbations and when to seek

medical attention

Monitor patient's lung function and oxygen saturation levels

Encourage smoking cessation if applicable

Answer: The nurse should prioritize interventions to reduce the risk of COPD

exacerbations, including encouraging the patient to avoid triggers such as air

pollution, promoting hand hygiene and infection prevention, ensuring medication

adherence, teaching the patient about signs and symptoms of exacerbations,

monitoring lung function and oxygen saturation levels, and encouraging smoking

cessation if applicable.

Matrix multiple-choice:

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed warfarin

(Coumadin) for anticoagulation. Which of the following medications or supplements

can interact with warfarin and increase the risk of bleeding?

14. Answer Choices:

Vitamin K Aspirin Ibuprofen Garlic

Increases risk of bleeding No Yes Yes Yes

Decreases effectiveness of

warfarin

Yes No No No

Question: A nurse is assessing a patient with a suspected urinary tract infection

(UTI). Which of the following signs and symptoms are commonly associated with

UTIs? Select all that apply.

16. Answer Choices:

● Dysuria

● Hematuria

● Urinary urgency

● Abdominal pain

● Nausea and vomiting

Answer: The commonly associated signs and symptoms of UTIs are dysuria, urinary

urgency, and hematuria. Abdominal pain and nausea and vomiting may also be

present, but they are not as commonly associated with UTIs as the other symptoms.

Multiple-response: Grouping

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the

following are considered long-term complications of uncontrolled diabetes? Select

all that apply.

17. Group 1:

● Neuropathy

● Retinopathy

● Nephropathy

Group 2:

● Hypoglycemia

● Hyperglycemia

● Ketoacidosis

Answer: Long-term complications of uncontrolled diabetes include neuropathy,

retinopathy, and nephropathy. Hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and ketoacidosis are

acute complications of diabetes and do not typically have long-term effects if treated

promptly.

Drag-and-drop: Cloze

Question: A nurse is teaching a patient about self-care strategies to manage their

chronic pain. Drag and drop the strategies from the right column to the appropriate

blank spaces in the paragraph.

18. Strategies:

● Practice relaxation techniques

● Use heat or cold therapy

● Engage in low-impact exercise

● Follow a healthy diet

● Get adequate sleep

Paragraph:

Chronic pain can significantly impact a person's quality of life, but there are many

self-care strategies that can help manage symptoms. One strategy is to

. Another is to.

Engaging in can also be helpful for managing pain.

In addition, following a and getting

can support overall health and well-being.

Answer:

Chronic pain can significantly impact a person's quality of life, but there are many

self-care strategies that can help manage symptoms. One strategy is to practice

relaxation techniques. Another is to use heat or cold therapy. Engaging in low-impact

exercise can also be helpful for managing pain. In addition, following a healthy diet

and getting adequate sleep can support overall health and well-being.

Drop-down: Table

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with a prescription for digoxin. Which of the

following laboratory values should the nurse monitor closely for potential toxicity?

Select the appropriate value from the drop-down menus.

| Lab value | Normal range | Critical value |

Answer: The signs and symptoms commonly associated with meningitis include

fever, headache, neck stiffness, and, in some cases, a rash. Abdominal pain is not

typically associated with meningitis.

Highlight: Table

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with a prescription for warfarin. Which of the

following medications or supplements can increase the risk of bleeding when taken

with warfarin? Highlight all that apply.

| Medication or supplement | Effect on warfarin |

| Aspirin | |

| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) | |

| Vitamin K supplements | |

21. | Antibiotics | |

Answer:

Medication or supplement Effect on warfarin

Aspirin Increases risk of bleeding

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory

drugs (NSAIDs)

Increases risk of bleeding

Vitamin K supplements Decreases effectiveness of warfarin

Antibiotics

May increase or decrease effectiveness of

warfarin, depending on the antibiotic

Bow-tie

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure. Using the bow-tie format,

identify the potential complications of heart failure on the left side and the potential

interventions on the right side.

22. Complications:

● Pulmonary edema

● Cardiogenic shock

● Arrhythmias

● Renal failure

Interventions:

● Administer oxygen therapy

● Administer diuretics

● Administer vasodilators

● Monitor electrolyte levels

Answer:

Complications:

● Pulmonary edema

● Cardiogenic shock

● Arrhythmias

● Renal failure

Interventions:

● Administer oxygen therapy

Admission 99.0 F 72 bpm 14 bpm 130/88 mmHg

Day 1 98.8 F 78 bpm 16 bpm 135/90 mmHg

Day 2 98.6 F 80 bpm 18 bpm 140/92 mmHg

Day 3 98.4 F 84 bpm 20 bpm 145/94 mmHg

Answer:

Patient A:

● Temperature: Increases from admission to Day 3

● Heart rate: Increases from admission to Day 3

● Respiratory rate: Increases from admission to Day 3

● Blood pressure: Increases from admission to Day 3

Patient B:

● Temperature: Decreases slightly from admission to Day 3

● Heart rate: Increases slightly from admission to Day 3

● Respiratory rate: Increases slightly from admission to Day 3

● Blood pressure: Increases slightly from admission to Day 3

continue

Matrix Multiple-Choice

Question: A nurse is providing care for a patient with diabetes who is receiving

insulin therapy. Match the insulin type with its onset, peak, and duration.

Insulin Types:

A. Regular insulin

B. NPH insulin

C. Lispro insulin

24. D. Glargine insulin

Onset:

1. 15 minutes
   2. 1 - 2 hours
   3. 1 - 2.5 hours
2. 4 - 6 hours

Peak:

A. 2 - 4 hours

B. 4 - 12 hours

C. 6 - 8 hours

D. No peak

Duration:

I. 3 - 6 hours

II. 8 - 12 hours

III. 12 - 24 hours

IV. 24 hours or longer

Answer Choices:

A. A-3, B-A, C-1, D- 4

B. A-1, B-C, C-2, D-III

IV. Encourage fluid intake

Answer Choices:

A. A-1, B-3, C-2, D- 3

B. A-1, B-3, C-1, D- 3

C. A-2, B-2, C-1, D- 3

D. A-1, B-3, C-2, D-3, D-I, D-III, D-IV

Answer: D. A-1, B-3, C-2, D-3, D-I, D-III, D-IV

● Acetaminophen is indicated for fever reduction and nursing considerations

include encouraging fluid intake.

● Azithromycin is indicated for antibiotic therapy and nursing considerations

include monitoring liver function tests and encouraging fluid intake.

● Albuterol is indicated for bronchodilation and nursing considerations include

administering on an empty stomach.

● Ceftriaxone is indicated for antibiotic therapy and nursing considerations

include monitoring for signs of anaphylaxis, monitoring liver function tests,

and encouraging fluid intake.

Multiple-Response: Select all that apply

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure. Which of the following are

symptoms of acute decompensated heart failure? Select all that apply.

A. Bradycardia

B. Tachycardia

C. Dyspnea

D. Hypertension

E. Hypotension

26. F. Fatigue

Answer Choices:

A. B, C, E

B. A, C, D

C. B, C, F

D. B, E, F

Answer: A. B, C, E

● Acute decompensated heart failure is a sudden worsening of heart failure

symptoms and can lead to serious complications.

● Bradycardia is not typically associated with acute decompensated heart

failure, while tachycardia is a common symptom.

● Dyspnea, or shortness of breath, is a hallmark symptom of acute

decompensated heart failure.

● Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is not typically associated with acute

decompensated heart failure, while hypotension, or low blood pressure, is a

common symptom.

● Fatigue may be present in heart failure patients but is not necessarily a

specific symptom of acute decompensated heart failure.

Multiple-Response: Select N

Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with a new diagnosis of diabetes. Which of

the following are recommended lifestyle modifications for diabetes management?

Select 3.

A. Increase physical activity

B. Reduce carbohydrate intake

C. Quit smoking

D. Limit alcohol consumption

27. E. Increase protein intake

Answer Choices:

A. A, B, C

B. B, C, D