Markup Language - E-Commerce - Lecture Slides, Slides of Fundamentals of E-Commerce

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E-Commerce

Introduction to XML

Some Acronyms Used In This Lecture^ HTML = Hyper Text Markup Language^ XML =

Extensible Markup Language

EDI =

Electronic Data Interchange

ERP =

Enterprise Resource Planning

MRP =

Materials Requirement Planning

Extensible Markup Language

•^

Instead of a fixed set of format-oriented tags likeHTML, XML allows you to create whatever set oftags are needed for your type of information.

-^

This makes any XML instance “self-describing”and easily understood by computers and people.

-^

XML-encoded information is smart enough tosupport new classes of Web and e-commerceapplications.

Why XML?

Sample Catalog Entry in HTML Laptop Computer IBM Thinkpad 600E400 MHz64 Mb8 Gb 4.1 pounds $3200

Catalog Entry in XML

IBM ThinkPad600E

4006484.13200

Smart Processing with XML

• and

provide logical containers for extracting andmanipulating product information as a unit^ – Sort by , ,

, , etc.

• Explicit identification of each part enables

its automated processing^ – Convert from “USD” to Euro, Yen,

etc.

Making Money in B2B

• Licenses and support
  • Traditional model, works for technology

providers to B2B marketplaces

• Equity
  • But only if the B2B company can IPO
    • XML has little to say about this

Making Money in B2B

•^

Transaction fees^ – What counts as a transaction?– Who pays the fees – buyers or suppliers?

-^

Market efficiency^ – Driving costs out of supply chain for all participants– Exploit & refine existing business relationships &

experience

•^

XML is crucial to these concerns

DTDs, Parsers, and Validation

•^

From any DTD an XML parser can be generatedthat:^ – Reads a document instance (the XML data stream)– Identifies the markup in it– Create a processable form of some kind that is used by

an application

•^

The parser can also test the XML document forconformance with the rules of the DTD^ – A document instance that follows the rules of the DTD

is “valid”

DTDs And Validation

XML Purchase

OrderInstance

Purchase OrderDTD

XMLParser

SomeProcessableForm

Connecting with HTML(“by eye”) Problem

: Company 1

has no integration withorder management

manual and errorprone data entry

Company 1^ Web Browser

Company 2^ eCommerce

Server^ ERP/ Accounting

Systems

Internet

XML as Internet-Friendly

Integration Technology

… exchange data in an application and vendor

neutral format

XML

WEB

COBRA/COM

EDI

Document based

API based

Business Processes are XML

Document Exchanges

If you send me a

request

for a

catalog

, I will send

you a catalog If you send me a

purchase order

and I can fill it, I

will send you a

purchase order response

Significance of XML Document

Exchange Architecture

•^

Document exchange is a natural way to thinkabout doing business.

-^

Easy to provide “open” marketplace with 3

rd

party

buying and selling apps

-^

Easy to add and maintain services

-^

Document exchange between marketplaces isfundamentally the same as within a marketplace.

-^

Services can be reused across marketplaces.