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MBLEx 2026: Anatomy, Physiology, and
Medical Terminology Questions and Answers,
Exams of Nursing Guaranteed A+|Perfect Pass
the ___ is part of the large intestine that is closest to the anus -
ANSWERS -sigmoid colon
plane that cuts down the middle of the body - ANSWERS -
sagittal plane a neuromuscular disorder that occurs when the sciatic nerve is irritated or compressed by the piriformis muscle causing pain, tingling and numbness in the glutes and along the path of the sciatic nerve descending down the posterior thigh and into the leg
- ANSWERS -piriformis syndrome
movement away front he median plane - ANSWERS -abduction
the elevation of the medial edge of the foot so that the sole is
turned inward - ANSWERS -inversion
there are ___ cervical vertebrae in a normal human body -
ANSWERS -seven
the hamstrings are the muscle group of the posterior thigh and include the ___, semitendinosus and the semimembranosus. the
hamstrings cross over and act upon both the hip and knee joints -
ANSWERS -biceps femoris
flexing the ankle dorsally so that the toes are moving toward the
shin, as in walking on heels - ANSWERS -dorsifexion
condyloid and saddle joints are examples of ___ joints -
ANSWERS -biaxial
the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb is which type of joint? -
ANSWERS -saddle
plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior -
ANSWERS -coronal plane
what is anatomical position - ANSWERS -body erect, palms
forward plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions -
ANSWERS -transverse plane
a combining form meaning "within" - ANSWERS -endo
___ is the nearest point of origin of a structure - ANSWERS -
proximal
the adrenal medulla secretes - ANSWERS -adrenaline
the adrenal gland is located - ANSWERS -on top of the kidneys
the main functions of the endocrine system - ANSWERS -long
lasting control and communication epinephrine and norepinephrine are secreted by the -
ANSWERS -adrenal medulla
side effects of steroid abuse - ANSWERS -disrupts negative
feedback, tissue damage, sterility
androgens are - ANSWERS -sex homones
hormone responsible for the muscle contractions during labor -
ANSWERS -oxytocin
two hormones that act on the kidney - ANSWERS -ADH and
aldosterone elongation of bones during childhood is primarily an effect of
which hormone? - ANSWERS -GH (growth hormone)
osteoporesis (decreased bone mass) can be caused by an
increased level of - ANSWERS -PTH (parathyroid hormone)
a prolonged incresed secretion of glucocorticoid such as in stress
can - ANSWERS -decrease the immune response
a person diagnosed with diabetes mellitus - ANSWERS -would
benefit from aerobic exercise
the secondary male sex characteristics are due to - ANSWERS -
testosterone chemotherapy may decrease the body's immune system by
decreasing the action of the - ANSWERS -thymus gland
the largest endocrine organ - ANSWERS -thyroid gland
three divisions of the nervous system - ANSWERS -PNS, ANS,
CNS
THE PART OF NEURON THAT RECIEVES IMPULSES - ANSWERS -
DENDRITE
what enables the nerve impulse to travel from pre-synaptic to
post synaptic neurons - ANSWERS -neurotransmitters
from where does cranial nerve VII (8) conduct impulses -
ANSWERS -ear
skin surface areas that are supplied by a single spinal nerve -
ANSWERS -dermatomes
photoreceptors of the eyes - ANSWERS -rods and cones
what do krause end-bulbs sense? - ANSWERS -touch
part of the neuron that carries impulses away from the soma -
ANSWERS -axon
the pons,medulla, and midbrain are parts of the - ANSWERS -
brainstem division of the brain that COORDINATES skeletal muscle
movement - ANSWERS -cerebellum
the cerebrum controls - ANSWERS -emotions, hearing, vision,
personality, voluntary actions name for the braid of nerves that supply the lower extremity -
ANSWERS -lumbosacral plexus
largest nerve in the body - ANSWERS -sciatic
which of the following senses would be disrupted when a client's
equilibrium is affected by an inner ear infection? - ANSWERS -
proprioceptive
mortens neuroma affects - ANSWERS -feet
where are the lumbrical muscles located? - ANSWERS -hands
and feet
triangular muscle - ANSWERS -deltoid
the usual regulation of hormone levels in the blood depends on a
mechanism named - ANSWERS -negative feedback
the tropic hormones - ANSWERS -follicle stimulation hormone,
andrenocorticotropic hormone, luteiinizing hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone.
oxytocin is produced in the - ANSWERS -hypothalamus
action of melatonin - ANSWERS -involved in the control of
circadian rhythms
there are __ separate parathyroid glands and they are found___ -
ANSWERS -4, on the back of the thyroid gland
zona fasciculata secretes - ANSWERS -glucocorticoids, sex
hormones
blood is composed of - ANSWERS -plasma, RBCs, WBCs,
plateletes the process by which neutrophils and monocytes engulf microbes
is called? - ANSWERS -phagocytosis
a stationary clot is called a ___, a traveling clot is called a _____. -
ANSWERS -thrombus, embolu
the universal blood donor is ___, whereas the universal blood
recipient is___ - ANSWERS -O, AB
monocytes and lymphocytes are types of - ANSWERS -
luekocytes
vitamin essential for clotting - ANSWERS -vitamin k
the covering of the heart is called - ANSWERS -pericardium
the difference between arteries and veins - ANSWERS -arteries
have thicker muscular walls and veins have valves
the function of the hephatic portal circulation is to - ANSWERS -
filter the blood and to remove excess glucose a 35 year old male with back pain comes to a MT. his blood
pressure is 180/120. should he be massaged? - ANSWERS -no,
because he has severe hypertension
the flow of lymph is - ANSWERS -capillaries, interstitial fluid,
lymphatic vessels, veins
the largest lymphoid organ - ANSWERS -spleen
the salivary glands contain - ANSWERS -salivary amylase,
mucus
peristalsis defined - ANSWERS -the wavelike, rhythmic, smooth
muucle contractions by which food is propelled along the digestive tract
papillae - ANSWERS -small elevations on the surface of the
tongue
islets of langerhan are found - ANSWERS -pancreas
largest gland in the body - ANSWERS -liver
functional unit of a kidney - ANSWERS -nephron
a renal corpsucle consists of - ANSWERS -glomerulus and
bowman's capsule
infection of the bladder is called - ANSWERS -cystitis
correct order of the renal tubules - ANSWERS -proximal
convoluted tubule, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubule, collection tubule
hormones responsible for water reabsorbtion - ANSWERS -ADH
aldosterone
usually not filtered out into the bowman's capsule - ANSWERS -
red blood cells the ANH hormone secreted from the heart's atrial wall... -
ANSWERS -stimulates kidney to create more sodium
organ that filters blood besides the kidney - ANSWERS -liver
function of the kidney is to - ANSWERS -excrete urine
peristalsis is the function of which urinary organ? - ANSWERS -
ureters
the kidneys are located - ANSWERS -posterior to the
peritoneum, anterior to the back muscles
the juxtaglomerular complex helps to regulate - ANSWERS -
blood pressure
two systems responsible for gas exchange - ANSWERS -
respiratory and cardiovascular systems
structure where the gas exchange takes place - ANSWERS -
alveolus the part of the respiratory tract that protects the airway against
foreign objects - ANSWERS -epiglottis
irritation of the phrenic nerve - ANSWERS -hiccups
the narrow superior position of each lung up under the collarbone
is called - ANSWERS -apex
hypoventilation - ANSWERS -decreased respiration
oropharynx and laryngopharynx are part of what other system? -
ANSWERS -digestive
the vessel that carries blood from the heart to the lung -
ANSWERS -pulmonary artery
which of the following is not a basic process of respiration -
ANSWERS -osmosis
the function of cilia in the respiratory tract - ANSWERS -to move
the mucus blanket out of the system best defines what occurs in the fight or flight response -
ANSWERS -increase in heartrate and blood pressure
integumentary system is responsible for - ANSWERS -
temperature regulation
order of layers of the skin from deep to superficial - ANSWERS -
superficial fascia, dermis, epidermis
classification of the joints in order of least to greatest degree of
mobility - ANSWERS -synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, diarthrosis
how many pairs of spinal nerves are there - ANSWERS -
muscle that would be affected by tmj dysfunction - ANSWERS -
masseter which muscle must be strengthened when there is a leteral ankle
sprain? - ANSWERS -peroneus longus
muscle of relaxed expiration - ANSWERS -diaphraghm
two primary actions of the biceps femoris - ANSWERS -flexing
the knee and extending the hip
sciatic nerve goes between which two landmarks? - ANSWERS -
greater trochanter and ischial tuberosity why is the SCM generally massages towards the heart with the
neck rotated - ANSWERS -jugular veins
which muscle is involved in a rotation cuff injury - ANSWERS -
supraspinatus
muscle that flexes the knee and attaches to the fibula -
ANSWERS -biceps femoris
the olecranon process is found - ANSWERS -proximal ulna
muscles found in the posterior femoral group - ANSWERS -
hamstrings muscle might be a source of sciatic pain by entrapping the sciatic
nerve - ANSWERS -piriformis
as triceps shortens during elbow extension, what muscle
lengthens - ANSWERS -biceps brachii
which muscle crosses two joints - ANSWERS -gastrocnemius
which muscle would be easiest to palpate when a client is prone, his/her humerus is abducted 90 degrees, and his/her forearm is
hanging off the table - ANSWERS -triceps brachii
which muscle needs to be strengthened with a lateral ankle sprain
