Download MCAT Behavioral Sciences Practice Questions and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
MCAT Behavioral Sciences Practice
Questions 1 Correctly Answered.
Which of the following is true regarding nerve cells?` - CORRECT ANSWER sensory neurons transmit information from receptors to the brain Which component of the nervous system is involved in the initial reflexive response to pain? - CORRECT ANSWER spinal cord, interneuron, and motor neuron NOTTTTT the cerebral cortex A child has experienced nervous system damage and can no longer coordinate the movements to dribble a basketball, although she can walk. Which region of the central nervous system was most likely affected? - CORRECT ANSWER Hindbrain hindbrain is responsible for balance and motor coordination, midbrain manages sensorimotor reflexes that promote survival, and forebrain is associated with emotion, memory, and higher-order cognition The temporal lobe deals with all of the following: - CORRECT ANSWER language comprehension, memory, emotion NOT motor skills Which part of the brain deals with both homeostasis and emotions - CORRECT ANSWER hypothalamus Which of the following activities would most likely be completed by the right hemisphere of a left-handed person? -finding a new car in a parking lot -learning a new language -reading a book for pleasure -jumping rope with friends - CORRECT ANSWER Finding a car in a parking lot
right hemisphere is usually the non dominant hemisphere even in L handed individuals and sense of direction is an ability of the non dominant hemisphere Which of the following is true with regard to neurulation - CORRECT ANSWER Neural crest cells migrate from their original site Which of the following neurotransmitters are classified as a catecholamine - CORRECT ANSWER epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine NOT acetylcholine If the amount of acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine, is increased, which of the following would likely be the result? - CORRECT ANSWER weakness of muscle movements the adrenal glands do all of the following - CORRECT ANSWER produce stress response via cortisol, produce both hormones and neurotransmitters, release estrogen in males and testosterone in females a disorder of the pineal gland would most likely result in - CORRECT ANSWER insomnia (because pineal gland makes melatonin) neurotransmitter associated with schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease - CORRECT ANSWER dopamine In a personality survey, which set of twins would be expected to score most similarly - CORRECT ANSWER identical twins raised in the same home During a physical examination, a physician brushes the bottom of the foot of a fifty year old patient with multiple sclerosis. Her toes are observed to curl toward the bottom of her foot with no fanning of the toes. this response is: - CORRECT ANSWER normal and evidence she is not exhibiting a primitive reflex
the space below. There are various items such as wrappers and papers, but the man sees the glint of sliver from an object laying flat and determines it to be a coin. to make this determination this man used - CORRECT ANSWER feature detection Upon which part of the eye are images projected and transducer into electrical signals - CORRECT ANSWER retina The ability to sense stimuli against ones own skin is known as - CORRECT ANSWER somatosensation Difference between endolymph and perilymph - CORRECT ANSWER Endolymph is found in the membranous labyrinth, while perilymph is found in the bony labyrinth Chemicals that compel behavior after binding with chemoreceptors are known as - CORRECT ANSWER pheromones Prolonged vitamin B12 deficiency can be associated with subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord. Patients with this disease have difficulty walking because they lose the ability to feel where their feet are in space. this represents a loss of - CORRECT ANSWER kinesthetic sense A person proofreading a paper reads over a long, misspelled word in which an e is replaced with an o. The person does not recognize the error and reads the word as correct. Which of the following could explain why the proofreader read the word as correct? - CORRECT ANSWER Top-down processing A corporate logo uses five unconnected angles equally spaced in a circular fashion. Who viewed it appears to be a star. Which of the following is the logo artist using to create a complete pattern to viewers - CORRECT ANSWER Gestalt principles A patient comes in with a tumor of the pituitary gland, which grows upwards into the optic chiasm and causes a visual field defect. The most likely defect from compression of the optic chasm is: - CORRECT ANSWER loss of the temporal visual fields in both eyes
Which of the following might cause a person to eat more food during a meal: eating each course separately and moving to the next day only when finished with the current course, or interrupting the main course several times by eating side dishes - CORRECT ANSWER interrupting the main course several times by eating side dishes would make you eat more because you become dishabituated A college student plays a prank on his roommate by popping a balloon behind the roommate's head after every time he makes popcorn. Before long, the smell of popcorn makes the roommate nervous. Which part of the story corresponds to each of the classical conditioning concepts below? - CORRECT ANSWER Conditioned stimulus: balloon pop Unconditioned stimulus: popcorn Conditioned response: smell of popcorn making him nervous Unconditioned response: balloon pop makes him nervous Researchers repeatedly startle a participant with a loud buzzer. After some time, the participant stops being startled by the buzzer. If the researchers interrupt the study with the sound of pans banging together, which of the following would likely be observed? - CORRECT ANSWER increased startle response to the buzzer (because of dishabituation) Many pets will run toward the kitchen when they hear the sound of a can opener opening a can of pet food. The sound of the can opener is - CORRECT ANSWER conditioned stimulus A person suffers from food poisoning after eating a spoiled lemon, and later finds that the smell of limes and other citrus fruits makes her nauseous. This is an example of - CORRECT ANSWER generalization Which of the following processes would increase the likelihood of a behavior - CORRECT ANSWER Avoidance learning NOT negative punishment, positive punishment or extinction A credit card company charges a fee for a late payment. This is an example of - CORRECT ANSWER positive punishment
Which of the following would elderly individuals be most likely to have trouble recalling? - CORRECT ANSWER A doctor's appointment scheduled for 1 pm An elderly man is taken to his doctor by his daughter. His daughter says that during the past 2 days he has been speaking to his wife who has been deceased for 4 years. Prior to that, he was completely normal. The elderly man most likely has: - CORRECT ANSWER delirium A child plays with a tool set, noting that a nail can only be hit with a hammer. When a friend suggests that the nail can also be hit with the handle of the screwdriver, the child passionately objects. This is an example of - CORRECT ANSWER functional fixedness A doctor uses a flow chart to treat a patient with sepsis. Given its use in problem- solving, a flowchart is an example of - CORRECT ANSWER algorithm A patient in a mental health facility believes the sky is pink. Despite several trips outside, the patient still believes the sky is pink. Which bias does this represent? - CORRECT ANSWER confirmation bias Stanford Binet intelligence quotient - CORRECT ANSWER IQ = mental age/ chronological age x 100 Which of the following terms describes how existing schemata are modified to incorporate new information? - CORRECT ANSWER Accomodation is the answer because it means modifying existing schemata to account for new info. It is NOT adaptation because that is a broader term or assimilation and accomodation Which of the Piagets stages of cognitive development occur before adolescence - CORRECT ANSWER sensorimotor, preoperational, and concrete operational A student is volunteering in a hospital with a stroke center. When asked what he believes is the prevalence of stroke among those greater than 65 years old, teh student states that it is probably about 40 % even though data indicates that it is significantly lower. What accounts for this error? - CORRECT ANSWER base rate fallacy
-this is when stereotypical factors are used for analysis rather than actual data Which of the following types of intelligence is NOT described by Garnder's theory of multiple intelligence? - CORRECT ANSWER fluid intelligence Garnders includes linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal EEG waveforms during REM sleep most resemble which of the following states of consciousness? - CORRECT ANSWER alertness (beta waves) Which of the following indicates the pattern of sleep stages during a complete sleep cycle early in the night? - CORRECT ANSWER 1-2-3-4-3-2-REM Increases in which of the following hormones cause sleepiness - CORRECT ANSWER melatonin Which theory of dreaming states that dreams and thoughts during wakeful periods use the same stream-of-consciousness system? - CORRECT ANSWER cognitive process theory A 19-year old college student is picked up by campus police after shoplifting a large bag of corn chips and a dozen ice cream sandwiches. His eyes are bloodshot. During questioning, he repeatedly asks for water because his mouth is dry, and he cannot stop giggling. What is the pyschoactiec substance in this drug this student has most likely recently taken? - CORRECT ANSWER tetrahydrocannabinol langauge consists of multiple components. Which of the following involves the order in which words are put together? - CORRECT ANSWER syntax A child speaks in sentences of at least 3 words, but makes gramatical errors including misuse of the past tense. How old is this child likely to be? - CORRECT ANSWER 30 months. if they speak in 3 word sentences but have not mastered the fundamental rules of language they are likely 2-3 years old
