Download Med-Surg Exam 3 Questions and Correct Answers- Galen College of Nursing and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
Med-Surg Exam 3 Questions and Correct
Answers- Galen College of Nursing
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) - Correct answer backflow of contents of
the stomach into the esophagus, often resulting from abnormal function of the lower esophageal sphincter, causing burning pain in the esophagus
Gastritis - Correct answer inflammation of the lining of the stomach
Hiatal Hernia - Correct answer protrusion of a part of the stomach upward through
the opening in the diaphragm
Peptic Ulcer Disease - Correct answer A break or ulceration in the protective
mucosal lining of the lower esophagus, stomach, or duodenum
Peritonitis - Correct answer inflammation of the peritoneum (membrane lining the
abdominal cavity and surrounding the organs within it)
Appendicitis - Correct answer inflammation of the vermiform appendix
Gastroenteritis - Correct answer inflammation of the stomach and intestines
Ulterative Colitis - Correct answer inflammation of the rectum and sigmoid colon
Cronh's disease - Correct answer inflammation of the small intestine, colon or both
Diverticular Diease - Correct answer pounchlike herniations of the mucos through
the musclar wall mostly in the colon
Hepatitis A Virus - Correct answer inflammation of the liver usually transmitted orally
through fecal contamination of food or water. Flu like symptoms.
Hepatitis B virus - Correct answer virus that causes inflammation of the liver;
transmitted through any body fluid, including vaginal secretions, semen, and blood. N/V, fever, fatigue, RUQ pain, joint pain, jaundice.
Hepatitis C virus - Correct answer inflammation of the liver, trasnmitted by blood to
blood contact, such as sharing needles, unsanitary tattooing and accidental need sticks. Asymptomatic until liver damage occurs.
Hepatitis D virus - Correct answer Secondary infection caused by a mutated
hepatitis virus. Only develops in patients with Hepatitis B. Transmission same as B, any
body fluid, including vaginal secretions, semen, and blood. N/V, fever, fatigue, RUQ pain, joint pain, jaundice.
Hepatitis E virus - Correct answer inflammation of liver, transmitted through fecal
and oral route and contaminated food/water. Flu like Symptoms.
nasal canula flow rate - Correct answer 1-6 LPM, 24-40% O
Simple face mask flow rate - Correct answer 5-8 L/min, 40-60% O
Partial rebreather mask - Correct answer 6-10 L/min, 60-75% O
nonrebreather mask - Correct answer 80-95% at flow rate of 10-15L/min to keep
reservoir bag 2/3 full during I and E----one way valve allows client to inhale max O from reservoir bag
GERD s/s - Correct answer dyspepsia, regurgitation, coughing, painful swallowing,
epigastric pain
Venti Mask (Venturi mask) - Correct answer 4-10 L/min, 24-50% O
GERD dx and tx - Correct answer Barium swallow
Esophageal manometry pH monitor Endoscopy Biopsy Avoidance of triggers Avoid lying down for an hour after eating Elevate the head of the bed Visceral manipulation of hernia Medications PPI and histamine blockers Surgery
Gastritis S/S - Correct answer abdominal pain, nausea & anorexia , abdominal
tenderness, feeling full, reflux, belching, hematemesis, diarrhea, B12 (pernicious) anemia
Gastritis treatment - Correct answer Fluids, Histamine Blockers, PPIs, B
injections, transfusion if blood loss
hiatal hernia symptoms - Correct answer -can be none
-burning, chest pain -heartburn -GERD
appendicitis teaching - Correct answer NPO chances are good they'll have surgery
Obstruction of the small intestine - Correct answer upper/middle abd pain, epigastric
distension, N/V, obstipation, metabolic alkalosis
Obstruction of large intestine - Correct answer lower abd pain, lower abd distension,
ribbon like stool or constipation, metabolic acidosis
Obstruction tx - Correct answer bowel rest, NGT, IVF, pain medications, surgery
Ulterative Colitis s/s - Correct answer 10-20 bloody stools per day, low grade fever
Ulterative colitis tx - Correct answer aminosalicylates, glucocorticoids, antidiarrheal,
NPO if severe, TPN, ileostomy, pain medications
Gastroenteritis s/s - Correct answer traveler's diarrhea characterized by:
degrees of anorexia abdominal cramping frequent loose stools nausea profuse vomiting
gastroenteritis tx - Correct answer IVF, abt if bacterial
Crohn's disease s/s - Correct answer Steady, colicky pain in RLQ, cramping,
tenderness, weight loss, diarrhea, bloody stool, low-grade fever, anal fistula, and perianal abscess.
Crohn's Disease Treatment - Correct answer Diet; Avoid foods that influence
intestinal inflammation, Medications; Aminosalicylates (e.g., metronidazole, ciprofloxacin) for inflammatory mass, Corticosteroids, Surgery; Resection on diseased GI tract
Diverticular disease s/s - Correct answer Fever, abd pain, blood in stool
Diverticular Disease treatment - Correct answer ABT, analgesics, low fib or clear
diet, IV hydration, colon resection
Diverticulitis - Correct answer inflammation of the diverticula
diverticulosis - Correct answer abnormal condition of having diverticula
pneumonia - Correct answer inflammation of the lungs
Pneumonia symptoms - Correct answer -coughing
-fatigue -pleuritic pain -fever -increased WBC -rust colored sputum -crackles -tachypnea
Pneumonia treatment - Correct answer Restore optimal ventilation and diffusion
Identify pathogen and target with appropriate abt Supplemental oxygen
Pneumonia teaching - Correct answer discharge teaching- cough deep breathing
exercises at home, vaccine Q5 years
Influenza - Correct answer flu virus
Influenza S/S - Correct answer Fever, Chills
Soar throat, cough General malaise Headache
Influenza treatment and prevention - Correct answer Treatment: OTC for symptoms;
Antiviral drugs Amantadine, Relenza and Tamiflu if taken by second day of disease process Prevention: Injected inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) or nasal live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) Due to viral mutations, new vaccine must be formulated each year Tamiflu, Handwashing
Influenza - Teaching - Correct answer reduce risk of spreading flu by washing
hands, esp after nose blowing, sneezing, coughing, rubbing eyes, touching face; staying home from work, school; cover mouth/nose when sneezing/coughing; avoid close contact; stay in bed for several days and increase fluid intake; saline gargles may ease sore throat pain; antihistamines may reduce rhinorrhea
obstructive sleep apnea - Correct answer a disorder in which a person, while asleep,
stops breathing because his or her throat closes; the condition results in frequent awakenings during the night
obstructive sleep apnea s/s - Correct answer -Daytime sleepiness
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) - Correct answer A group of lung
diseases (emphysema and bronchitis) that block airflow and make it difficult to breathe.
COPD S/S - Correct answer Dyspnea
Chronic cough Sputum production Wheezing/chest tightness Tripod-ing Clubbed nails Prolongued expiration Barrel chest "Pursed lip" breathing Hypoxemia Hypercapnia Polycythemia
COPD treatment - Correct answer "Smoking cessation, pneumococcal and flu
vaccines, systemic or inhaled corticosteroids, oxygen, inhaled beta-agonists and anticholinergics"
COPD teaching - Correct answer -stop smoking
-vaccines -rehab -support groups -pursed lip breathing and O2 below 4LPM -depression assessment -advance directives
pneumonectomy - Correct answer the surgical removal of all or part of a lung
chest drainage system - Correct answer the use of a chest tube and closed drainage
system to re-expand the lung and to remove excess air, fluid, and blood
Pulmonary TB - Correct answer A chronic infectious disease affecting the lungs,
airborne isolation
TB symptoms - Correct answer Flulike symptoms, night sweats, elevated
temperature, decreased deep tendon reflexes.
TB treatment - Correct answer RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
Isolation
TB teaching - Correct answer Indicates pt understands:
- "Everyone in my family needs to go and see the doctor for TB testing."
- "I will cover my mouth and nose when I sneeze or cough and put my used tissues in a plastic bag.
- I will change my diet to include more foods rich in iron, protein, and vitamin C.
- "I must take isonazid for 6 months" Patients taking isoniazid must continue taking the drug for 6 months. The other three statements are accurate and indicate an understanding of TB. Family members should be tested because of their repeated exposure to the patient. Covering the nose and mouth when sneezing or coughing, and placing tissues in plastic bags, help prevent transmission of the causative organism. The dietary changes are recommended for patients with TB.
lung abscess - Correct answer a localized collection of pus formed by the destruction
of lung tissue and microorganisms by white blood cells that have migrated to the area to fight infection
Lung abscess s/s - Correct answer Purulent, foul-smelling/tasting sputum
fever chills dyspnea cough weight loss
Lung abscess treatment - Correct answer antibiotics, perhaps surgical resection
pulmonary emphysema - Correct answer chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
characterized by destructive changes in the alveolar walls and irreversible enlargement of alveolar air spaces
Emphysema s/s - Correct answer Tachypnea, dyspnea, barrel chest, crackles and
wheezes on inspiration, decreased breath sounds, clubbing, mental status changes
Emphysema Treatment - Correct answer Maintain optimal lung function in order to
allow the individual to perform the desired activities of daily life Smoking cessation Pharmacologic therapy Lung volume reduction or transplant
Tracheostomy care - Correct answer -keep two extra tracheostomy tubes (one the
client's size and one a smaller size) at the bedside in the event of accidental decannulation
