Medication Dosage Calculations, Exams of Health sciences

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DOSAGE CACULATION ACTUAL EXAM NEWEST

VERSION( 2024 / 2025 )EXPECTED QUESTION AND

CORRECT ANSWER FROM VERIFIED SOURCES

RATED A GRADE.

48 x 10,000 divided by 60 x 80 = 480,000 / 4800 = 100 mcg/kg/minute. Fill in the blank 150 A client receives a prescription for a dose of medication 300 mg IV every 6 hours. The preparation arrives from the pharmacy diluted in a secondary infusion of 0.9% Sodium Chloride (NaCl) 50 ml. The nurse plans to administer the dose over 20 minutes. How many ml/hour should the nurse program the infusion pump to deliver the secondary infusion? (Enter the numeric value only, rounded to a whole number.) Rationale The infusion rate is calculated as a ratio proportion problem. 50 ml : 20 minutes :: X ml : 60 minutes 20X = 3000 3000/20 = 150 ml/hour Fill in the blank 120 A loading dose of acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) 8 grams, which is available as a 20% solution (200 mg acetylcysteine per ml) is prescribed by nasogastric tube for a client with acetaminophen toxicity. How many ml of diluent should be added to the medication to obtain a 1: concentration? (Enter the numerical value only. If rounding is required, round to the whole number.) Rationale

8 grams = 8,000 mg prescribed dose. Using the formula, D/H x Q, 8,000 mg / 200 mg x 1 ml = 40 ml of the 20% solution. Dilute the 40 ml to a 1:4 concentration for administration using ratio and proportion, 1 : 4 solution :: 40 ml : X X= 160 ml total volume to administer. Subtract total volume of 160 ml - 40 ml of 20% concentration = 120 ml diluent is added to obtain a 1:4 concentration. Fill in the blank

A client with cardiogenic shock who weighs 220 pounds is receiving a solution of Dextrose 5% in Water (D5W) 250 ml with dopamine 400 mg at the rate of 3 mcg/kg/minute. The nurse should set the infusion pump to deliver how many ml/hour? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.) Rationale First, convert pounds to kg, 220 lb : X = 2.2 lb : 1 kg = 100 kg Next, calculate the dosage per minute, 3 mcg/kg/min x 100 kg = 300 mcg/minute Convert mcg/min to mcg/hour, 300 mcg/min x 60 min=18, mcg/hour and Convert mcg/hour to mg/hour, 18,000 mcg/hr = 18.0 mg/hour Calculate the rate, 400 mg : 250 ml = 18 mg : X ml

A client with hypertension receives a prescription for carteolol (Cartel) 7.5mg PO daily. The drug is available in 2.5 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Enter numeric value only, whole number.) Rationale Using D/H: 7.5mg / 2.5mg = 3 tablets The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving 24-hour total parenteral nutrition (TPN) via a central line at 54 ml/hr. When initially assessing the client, the nurse notes that the TPN solution has run out and the next TPN solution is not available. What immediate action should the nurse take? Infuse normal saline at a keep vein open rate. Discontinue the IV and 昀氀ush the port with heparin. Infuse 10% dextrose and water at 54 ml/hour. Obtain a stat blood glucose level and notify the healthcare provider. Rationale TPN should be discontinued gradually to allow the client to adjust to decreased levels of glucose. Administering 10% dextrose in water at the

prescribed rate should reduce the client's risk of hypoglycemia until the next TPN solution is available. The other actions are not indicated. A client who has been NPO for 3 days is receiving an infusion of Dextrose 5% in 0.45% Sodium chloride (D51/2 NS) with potassium chloride (KCl) 20 mEq at 83 ml/hour. The client's 8-hour urine output is 400 ml, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is 15 mg/dl (5.355 mmol/L), lungs are clear bilaterally, serum glucose is 110 mg/dl ( 6.1 mmol/L), and serum potassium is 3.7 mEq/L (3.7 mmol/L). Which action should the nurse implement? Notify healthcare provider and request to change the IV infusion to hypertonic D10W. Decrease in the infusion rate of the current IV and report to the healthcare provider. Document in the medical record that these normal 昀椀ndings are expected outcomes. Obtain potassium chloride 20 mEq in anticipation of a prescription to add to present IV. Rationale The results are all within normal range (BUN 10 to 20 mg/dl or 3.6-7. mmol/L (SI units), serum glucose 70 to 110 mg/dl or less than 6. mmol/L (SI), and serum potassium 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L or 3.5-5.0 mmol/L (SI units). The other actions are not indicated. Fill in the blank

Now calculate the number of ml/hour needed to administer 20, mcg/hour: 600,000 mcg : 250 ml :: 20,100 mcg : X ml 600,000 / 20100 :: 250 / X = 600,000X = 5, X = 8.375 (rounded to) 8 ml/hour Fill in the blank 125 The nurse is administering an intravenous solution 250 ml to be infused over 2 hours. How many ml/hour should the nurse program the infusion pump? (Enter numeric value only, whole number.) Rationale 250 ml : 2 hours = X ml : 1 hour 2X = 250 X = 125 ml/hour Fill in the blank 125 The healthcare provider prescribes a continuous intravenous infusion of Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride ((D51/2 NS) with KCl 20 mEq / 1000 ml to be infused over 8 hours. How many ml/hour should the nurse program the infusion pump? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest whole number.) Rationale Using the formula, volume/time:

1000 ml/8 hours = 125 ml/hour Fill in the blank 180 A client who has a gastrostomy feeding tube is receiving 3/4 strength Ensure 240 ml every 6 hours. Full strength Ensure is available in a 240 ml can. The nurse should use how many ml of Ensure to prepare the feeding? (Enter numeric value only. If needed, round to the nearest whole number.) Rationale 240 ml Ensure : 1 :: X ml Ensure : 0. 240/X : 1 / 0. X = 240 x 0.75 = 180 ml Ensure + 60 ml water = 240 ml Fill in the blank 12 A client receives a prescription for inamrinone (Inocor) 0.75 mg/kg IV bolus to be delivered over 3 minutes. The client weighs 80 kg. Inamrinone is available for injection, 100 mg/20 ml. How many ml of inamrinone should the nurse administer? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest whole number.) Rationale First calculate the mg/kg dosage needed:0.75 mg x 80 kg = 60 mg needed

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A client who has AIDS is receiving octreotide (Sandostatin) 1,200 mcg by subcutaneous injection every day for symptoms of diarrhea. Octreotide is available for injection in 1 mg/ml vials. How many ml should the nurse administer? (Enter the numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.) Rationale First, to convert micrograms to milligrams, divide the number of micrograms by 1000: 1,200/1000 = 1.2 mg. Using the Desired/Have available formula: 1.2 mg/1 mg x 1 ml = 1.2 ml Heparin 20,000 units in 500 ml D5W at 50 ml/hour has been infusing for 5.5 hours. How many units of heparin has the client received? 11,000 units. 13,000 units. 15,000 units. 17,000 units.

Rationale The correct calculation: 20,000 units/500 ml = 40 units (the amount of units in one ml of 昀氀uid). 40 units/ml x 50 ml/hr = 2,000 units/hour (1,000 units in 1/2 hour). 5.5 x 2,000 = 11,000 units. OR, multiply 5 x 2,000 and add the 1/2 hour amount of 1,000 to reach the same conclusion = 11,000 units. Fill in the blank 10 The nurse notes that a client is receiving an oxytocin (Pitocin) infusion via a pump that is programmed to deliver 30 ml/hour. The available solution is Ringer's Lactated 1,000 ml with Pitocin 20 units. How many milliunits/minute is the client receiving? (Enter numeric value only, whole number.) Rationale Convert units to milliunits, 20 units x 1,000 = 20,000 milliunits. Using D/H x Q = 30 ml/hour: X/20,000 milliunits x 1,000 ml = 30 ml/hour (60 minutes). X/20 = 30ml/60 minutes, reduce to: X/2 = 1/2, and 2X = 20, so X = 10 milliunits/minute The healthcare provider prescribes furosemide (Lasix) 15 mg IV STAT for a

Rationale 180 ml/hr = 500 ml/5 mg X 1mg/1000 mcg X 30 mcg/min X 60 min/hr. Fill in the blank 24 An IV seondary infusion of 0.9% normal saline 100 ml with inamrinone (Inocor) 0.1 grams/100 ml is prescribed for client with heart failure. The medication is to be delivered at a rate of 400 mcg/minute. The nurse should program the infusion pump to deliver how many ml/hour? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest whole number.) Rationale First calculate the number of mcg/hour: 400 mcg x 60 minutes = 24000 mcg/hour Next calculate the number of ml/hour needed to administer 24, mcg/hour: 100,000 mcg: 100ml :: 24,000 mcg : X 100,000/24,000 :: 100/X 100,000X = 2,400, X = 24 ml/hour What action should the nurse implement when accessing an implanted infusion port for a client who receives long term IV medications? Cleanse the site with iodine solution.

Insert a Huber-point needle into the port. Flush tubing with 5 ml of normal saline. Place a sterile dressing over the port. Rationale An implanted infusion port needs to be accessed using a Huber-point needle (non-coring) to be prevent damage to the self-sealing septum of the port. The other actions are not necessary when accessing an implanted infusion port. A client is to receive an IV of Sodium Chloride 0.9% Injection (Normal Saline) 250 ml with KCl 10 mEq IV over 4 hours. What rate should the nurse program the client's IV infusion pump? 13 ml/hour. 63 ml/hour. 80 ml/hour. 125 ml/hour. Rationale To calculate the infusion rate, the dose of KCl is not used in the calculation. Using the total volume of Normal Saline solution, 250 ml/ hours = 63 ml/hour.

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A client is receiving an IV solution of sodium chloride 0.9% (Normal Saline) 250 ml with amiodarone (Cordarone) 1 gram at 17 ml/hour. How many mg/minute of amiodarone is infusing? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.) Rationale Convert grams to mg, 1 gram equals 1,000 mg. Using ratio and proportion - 1,000 mg : 250 ml :: X mg : 1ml 250X= 1,000 so X = 4 mg/ml is the solution concentration of amiodarone. The infusion rate (ml/hour) x concentration (mg/ml) divided by 60 minutes/hour 17 ml/hour x 4 mg/ml = 68/60 = 1.13 = 1.1 mg/minute. Fill in the blank 1 The nurse is preparing to administer bumetanide (Bumex) 0.25 mg IV. The medication is available in a vial labeled "1 mg/4 ml." How many ml of medication should the nurse administer? (Enter numeric value only.) Rationale Using the Desired/Have x Volume formula: 0.25 mg Desired / 1 mg Have x 4 ml Volume = 0.25 mg/1 mg x 4 ml = 1 ml

Fill in the blank 95 The nurse is preparing the change-of-shift report for a client who has a 265 ml secondary infusion that was started 2 hours ago at a rate of 85 ml/hour via an infusion pump. The nurse should report that how many ml remain to be infused by the on-coming nurse? (Enter numeric value only.) Rationale 85 ml x 2 hours = 170 ml has infused. 265 ml (total amount to be infused) - 170 ml (amount infused) = 95 ml remain to be infused. Fill in the blank

A client who had mitral valve replacement surgery receives a prescription for Dextrose 5% in Water (D5W) 250 ml with dobutamine 0.5 grams for IV infusion at a rate of 5 mcg/kg/minute. The client weighs 75 kg. The nurse should program the infusion pump to deliver how many ml/hr? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.) Rationale First calculate the number of mcg/kg/minute: 5 x 75 = 375 mcg/minute Calculate the number of mcg/hour: 375 x 60 minutes = 22, mcg/hour Next calculate the number of ml/hour needed to administer 22, mcg/hour: 500,000 mcg : 250 ml :: 22,500 mcg/ X ml