Memory Hierarchy for ARM micro controller, Lecture notes of Microcontrollers

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Basics of Processor based

Systems

Dr. Tassadaq Hussain

Riphah International University

Microsoft and Barcelona Supercomputing Center

UCERD Pvt Ltd

Design Trade off

Digital System Components

Memory Bus Processor

Disk DRAM SRAM Synchronous Asynchronous RISC CISC

Application

Specific

State

Machines

Peripherals

5

Processor System Architecture



Hardware

• Processor
• Bus
• Memory
• (^) Peripherals



Software

• System Software
• (^) User Software
• Software Programming Languages

Important Parameters of a

Processor

Clock

Data Bus

Instruction Bus

Instructions Per Cycles

Pipeline Stage

Processor Architectures

SISD

RISC

SIMD

CISC

MISD

MIMD

Multi-core

Important Parameters of Bus

System

Bus Clock

Data bus width

Address bus width

Types of Bus Systems

Single Layer

Multi-layer

Network On a Chip

Peripheral Bus

 Serial Bus

 Parallel Bus

Memory



Local Memory (SRAM)



On Chip Memory Volatile



SRAM



Global/Main Memory (DRAM)

 Off Chip Memory Volatile

 DRAMs



External Memory



Non Volatile



SDCard, Disk etc

Important Parameters

Read/Write Clocks (time)

Memory Width

Memory Depth or Size

Software

A software is combination of processor

instructions used to process specific task

or application.

System Software

User Software

Software Programming Languages

System Software

The system software manages and

supports resources and tasks of a

processor system.

The tasks include Scheduling Tasks,

Memory Management, Network

Management, I/O Management, Power

Managment, Disk and Network

Management

Software Programming Languages

Machine Language

Assembly Language

Programming Language

Scripting Language

Tasks

Start your semester project

 Place order of Odroid board

Clear your concept about

 bits and bytes.

 Prefix - pico, nano, micro, kilo, mega, giga,

tera etc.

 Million, billion etc.