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These are the notes of Exam of Advanced Analysis which includes Inner Product, Continuous Functions, Calculators, Shorter Problems, Converges Absolutely, Uniformly, Normal Vector etc. Key important points are: Metric Space, Calculators, Card, Function, Bounded Sequence, Complete Metric Space, Convergent Subsequence, Smooth Function, Properties, Continuous
Typology: Exams
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December 9, 2010 9:00 – 10:
Directions This exam has three parts, Part A asks for 3 examples (5 points each, so 15 points). Part B has 4 shorter problems (8 points each so 32 points). Part C has 4 traditional problems ( points each so 60 points). Total is 107 points. Closed book, no calculators or computers– but you may use one 3′′^ × 5 ′′^ card with notes on both sides.
Part A: Examples (3 examples, 5 points each so 15 points). Give an example having the specified property.
Part B: Short Problems (4 problems, 8 points each so 32 points)
B–1. Let f (x) be a smooth function with the properties: f (−1) = 1, f (0) = 0, and f (1) = 1. Show that f ′′(c) = 2 at some c ∈ (− 1 , 1). [Suggestion: Consider g(x) := f (x) − x^2 .]
B–2. Let
∫ (^2) x
0
f (t) dt = ecos(3x+1)^ + A. Find f ∈ C(R) and the constant A.
B–3. Let f ∈ C([1, 3]). Compute (^) nlim→∞
1
f (x)e−nx^ dx. [Justify your assertions.]
B–4. Show that f (x) :=
1
sin(3nx^2 ) n^2
is continuous for 0 ≤ x ≤ π.
Part C: Traditional Problems (4 problems, 15 points each so 60 points)
C–1. Let A(t) and B(t) be n × n matrices that are differentiable for t ∈ [a, b] and let t 0 ∈ (a, b). Directly from the definition of the derivative, show that the product M (t) := A(t)B(t) is differentiable at t = t 0 and obtain the usual formula for M ′(t 0 ).
C–2. Let K be a compact set in a complete metric space M with metric d(x, y). If p ∈ M is a point not in K , let c = infx∈K d(p, x). Show there is a point q ∈ K such that d(p, q) = c.
C–3. Let f ∈ C^1 ([0, 2]). Given any > 0 show there is a polynomial p(x) such that
max x∈[0,2] |f (x) − p(x)| + max x∈[0,2] |f ′(x) − p′(x)| <
That is, ‖f − p‖C (^1) ([0,2]) < .
C–4. Let f (x) and h(x, y) be continuous functions for x, y ∈ [0, 2]. Show that if the constant λ > 0 is sufficiently small, the equation
u(x) = f (x) + λ
0
h(x, y)u(y) dy.
has a unique solution u(x) ∈ C([0, 2]).
Extra Problems The following are some problems that I almost put on the exam — but then it would have been much too long.
Ex–1. Let 0 < an ∈ R be a sequence with the property that an+ an
≤ c, n = 1, 2 ,... for some 0 < c < 1. Show that an → 0.
Ex–2. Show that a compact set in a metric space is bounded.
Ex–3. Let R^2 be the points V = (x, y) with the usual Euclidean norm ‖V ‖ =
x^2 + y^2. Using that R is complete with norm |x|, prove directly that R^2 is complete.
Ex–4. If
0
anzn^ converges at z = R and if 0 < r < R, prove that it converges uniformly in the
disk {z ∈ C : |z| ≤ r}.
Ex–5. Let ϕn(t) be a sequence of smooth real-valued functions with the properties
(a) ϕn(t) ≥ 0 , (b) ϕn(t) = 0 for |t| ≥ 1 /n, (c)
−∞
ϕn(t) dt = 1.
Note: because of (b), this integral is only over − 1 /n ≤ t ≤ 1 /n. Assume f (x) is uniformly continuous for all x ∈ R and define
fn(x) :=
−∞
f (x − t)ϕn(t) dt.
Show that fn(x) converges uniformly to f (x) for all x ∈ R. Note explicitly where you use the uniform continuity of f. [Suggestion: Use f (x) = f (x)
∞ −∞ ϕn(t)^ dt
−∞ f^ (x)ϕn(t)^ dt^ ].