6. Michaelson Interferometry
Presented By:
AMIT KUMAR
2015PH10790
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Michelson Interferometry: Measuring Sodium Lamp Wavelength, Exams of Advanced Physics
Details about an experiment conducted using a michelson interferometer to measure the wavelength of a sodium lamp. The aim of the experiment, the apparatus used, the theory behind the interferometer, observations, and results. The experiment aims to find the wavelength of the sodium lamp and the difference between its two wavelengths. The apparatus includes mirrors, a half-silvered mirror, a glass slab, a sodium lamp, a diffuser, and a disc with a pin hole. The theory section explains the principles of the michelson interferometer and how it causes interference between a part of the source beam reflected off a partial reflector and the other part transmitted through the same.
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2015/2016
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6. Michaelson Interferometry
Presented By:
AMIT KUMAR
2015PH
Aim of the Experiment:
๏ท To find the wavelength (๐) of the Sodium Lamp using a Michelson Interferometer. ๏ท To find the difference in the two wavelengths of the Sodium Lamp (ฮ๐).
Apparatus:
- 2 Plane Mirrors
- Half-silvered Mirror
- Glass Slab of optimum thickness for removing path difference at equal distance of mirrors from half-silvered mirror.
- Source: Sodium Lamp
- Diffuser to generate Plane Waves
- A Disc with a pin hole to generate Point Source for adjusting the equipment.
Theory:
Observations:
Finding ๐
No. of Fringes Collapsed
Position (ฮผm) Distance (ฮผm) Wavelength(nm) 0 68251.2 0 - 100 68282.0 30.8 616. 200 68310.8 59.6 596. 300 68344.4 93.2 621. 400 68373.5 122.3 611. (^500) 68402.4 151.2 604. 600 68432.1 180.9 603.
Using the trend-line in the number of fringes disappearing vs distance of mirror moved graph, we can see that wavelength of the source is 606. nanometers.
โ ๐ ๐๐๐๐ = 0.3033 ๐๐ โ
y = 0.3033x
0
50
100
150
200
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Distance (ฮผm)
Finding ๐ซ๐
Position (ฮผm) Distance (ฮผm)
Number of Invisibility 66027.1 0 0 66329.0 301.9 1 66600.0 572.9 2 66891.0 863.9 3
Similar to the above part, we observe that the secondary wavelength of the source has a difference of 0.64 nm from the original wavelength.
โ ๐ ๐๐๐๐ = 0.0035 ๐๐โ1^ = 3.5 ร 10โ6^ ๐๐โ
โ
๐^2
2ฮ๐ท = 3.5 ร 10
โ6 ร 606.
2 2 ๐๐ โ 0.64 ๐๐ โ โ๐ = 0.64 ๐๐
Results:
The obtained wavelength of the sodium source is 606.6 ๐๐ ๐๐๐ 606.6 ยฑ
0.64 ๐๐, where we only consider one of the two values in deviation. This
shows that for small differences in wavelengths, we can calculate the value
of wavelength to a high precision using a Michelson Interferom
y = 0.0035x
0
1
2
3
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