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END OF PAGE Woese and said that the tree of life should be - based. They discovered , which were genetically different than bacteria and eukaryotes. Fox, genetics, archaea Woese and Fox also generated 3 domains above kingdom level (replacing Whittaker's empires): , , and. They also proposed that they all stemmed from a common cell type. bacteria, archaea, eukarya, ancestral gene transfer makes it difficult to determine how organisms are related. horizontal, evolutionarily sublevel is used to indicate special biochemical features. strain Binomial nomenclature is based of the and the
. Where the is capitalized and they is not. They are both written in. genus, species, genus, species, italics EX. Binomial Nomenclature Haloquadratum walsbyi Halo - greek word for
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END OF PAGE Quadratum - arranged in 4-square Walsbyi - named after the person who found it salt, clusters Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology is a reference for bacteria, and Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology is the standard reference for bacteria. identifying, prokaryotes True or False: There are cellular microbes in all 3 domains. True Microbes in Bacteria and Archaea domains are all , while microbes in Eukarya are all . prokaryotes, eukaryotes Identify the following shapes from left to right. coccus, bacillus, vibrio, coccobacillus, spirillum, spirochete Archaea are prokaryotic organisms. Their cell walls are made of. They live in environments and are known human pathogens. unicellular, pseudopeptidoglycan, extreme, non
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END OF PAGE Molds are organisms made of long filaments that form visible. They play a critical role in of plants and animals. Some are disease causing, while others have been used to make (like penicillin). multicellular, colonies, decomposition, antibiotics Helminths are not technically microorganisms, but the diseases they cause involve microscopic and
. Dracunculus medinensis , can cause dizziness, vomiting, and. eggs, larvae, diarrhea Viruses consist of and genetic material. They require a to survive and can infect anything. proteins, host Prions are proteins that cause disease. acellular Mycology is the study of. fungi
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END OF PAGE Microbiology is the study of microorganisms too to see with the naked eye. small Some and are included in the study of microbiology, but can be seen with the naked eye. parasites, fungi "Ubiquitous nature" means that microbes are. everywhere Good microbes are ones in our and others that help to make food like and (yeast). body (digestive tract), bread, beer There is historical evidence that suggests how humans have known about microbial life since the times. prehistoric During prehistoric times, there is evidence of microbial knowledge by how they made and treated/prevented . food, disease During prehistoric times, the advantages of fermentation include of food and the of food taste.
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END OF PAGE is labeled as the Father of Western medicine. Hippocrates Hippocrates claimed that diseases had causes from within patients or their. natural, environment The Hippocratic Corpus is a collection of texts making up some of the books. oldest medical The Hippocratic Oath is a pledge to diagnose and patients without causing. treat, harm is the "Father of Scientific Theory". Thucydides Thucydides advocated for - based analysis and cause- and-effect. evidence, reasoning survived the Athenian Plague, which led him to observe that survivors did not get by the disease. This led to the concept of. Thucydides, re-infected, immunity
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END OF PAGE (last name) proposed that we could not see disease. He published a book warning against going into ...because certain grow there and can cause serious diseases. Varro, swamps, minute creatures The invention of the microscope is. unknown (last name) was the first to develop a lens powerful enough to see microbes. Leeuwenhoek Leeuwenhoek observed " " and is known as the Father of. animalcules, microbiology Luis Pasteur showed that individual microbial stains had properties. He also demonstrated that is caused by microbes. different, fermentation Pasteur came up with , the killing of microbes that cause spoilage. pasteurization Pasteur developed a vaccine for.
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END OF PAGE Ernst Haeckel's taxonomy tree had 3 kingdoms, animal, plant, and (for unicellular organisms). What was the fourth added later? protista, monera Whittaker added a fifth kingdom to Haeckel's tree;. He also proposed 2 empires: and , to distinguish based on an organism's nucleus. fungi, prokaryote, eukaryote Viruses are not made of , which is why it was difficult to fit them into a taxonomy tree. cells methods allow for a standardized way to compare all living things without relying on characteristics that are subjective. genetic, observable
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