CPSC 420 Midterm Review: Artificial Intelligence and Search Algorithms - Prof. Y. Choe, Study notes of Computer Science

A comprehensive review of the topics covered in the cpsc 420 artificial intelligence course, focusing on ai basics, search algorithms, game playing, propositional logic, and first-order logic. Students are encouraged to understand the concepts rather than memorizing them, and various resources are suggested for further practice.

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Uploaded on 02/13/2009

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CPSC 420 Midterm Review: Overview
AI basics
Search as a problem solving strategy
Game playing
Propositional logic
No Lisp questions.
1
AI Basics
Disciplines with ties to AI: think about how they did and would
contribute
What are the hard problems in AI? Why are they hard?
Just read over the slides so that you have the general idea.
2
Uninformed Search
Description of a search problem: initial state, goals, operators,
etc.
Considerations in designing a representation for a state
Evaluation criteria
BFS, DFS: time and space complexity, completeness
When to use one vs. another
Node visit orders for each strategy
Tracking the stack or queue at any moment
3
Uninformed Search / Informed Search
DLS, IDS, BDS search order, expansions, and queueing
DLS, IDS, BDS evaluation
DLS, IDS, BDS: suitable domains
Repeated states: why removing them is important
Constraint Satisfaction Search: what kind of domains? why
important?
4
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CPSC 420 Midterm Review: Overview

  • AI basics
  • Search as a problem solving strategy
  • Game playing
  • Propositional logic
  • No Lisp questions. 1 AI Basics
  • Disciplines with ties to AI: think about how they did and would contribute
  • What are the hard problems in AI? Why are they hard?
  • Just read over the slides so that you have the general idea. 2 Uninformed Search
  • Description of a search problem: initial state, goals, operators, etc.
  • Considerations in designing a representation for a state
  • Evaluation criteria
  • BFS, DFS: time and space complexity, completeness
  • When to use one vs. another
  • Node visit orders for each strategy
  • Tracking the stack or queue at any moment Uninformed Search / Informed Search
  • DLS, IDS, BDS search order, expansions, and queueing
  • DLS, IDS, BDS evaluation
  • DLS, IDS, BDS: suitable domains
  • Repeated states: why removing them is important
  • Constraint Satisfaction Search: what kind of domains? why important?

Informed Search

  • Best-first-search: definition
  • Heuristic function h(n): what it is
  • Greedy search: relation to h(n) and evaluation. How it is different from DFS (time complexity, space complexity).
  • Difference between heuristic search (or hill-climbing) and greedy search.
  • A∗: definition, evaluation, conditions of optimality
  • Complexity of A∗: relation to error in heuristics
  • Designing good (admissible) heuristics: several rule-of-thumbs 5 Informed Search: Iterative Improvement Algorithms - IDA∗: evaluation, time and space complexity (worst case) - What is a dominant heuristic and why is it better? - Hill-climbing basics and strategies - Beam search concept - Simulated annealing details: core algorithm, effect of T and ∆E, source of randomness. 6 Game Playing
  • Game playing: what are the types of games?
  • Minimax: definition, and how to get minmax values
  • Minimax: evaluation

α − β Pruning

  • α − β pruning: the algorithm, rationale, and why it saves time
  • α − β pruning algorithm: know how to apply pruning
  • α − β pruning properties: evaluation
  • Games with an element of chance: what are the added elements? how does the minmax tree get augmented?

Logic: Resolution Applies to both propositional logic and first-order logic.

  • Given a theorm to prove, know how to convert it into a form suitable for resolution.
  • Know how to do resolution in propositional logic
  • Know how to do resolution in first-order logic General Rule-of-Thumb
  • Get used to basic concepts (representation of search problems, game playing basics, propositional and first-order logic constructs and rules)
  • Try not to blindly memorize what’s there , try to understand why/how something works or does not work : - example: time and space complexity of search strategies, alpha-beta pruning.
  • Try out the exercises done in the class, and the homework.
  • Try out exercises in the textbook related to the material presented in the lectures.
  • Try out the past exam.
  • Laws of logic will be provided with the exam.