Download Social Problems and Sociology: Terms and Definitions and more Quizzes Conflictology in PDF only on Docsity!
social problem
society-induced conditions that harm any segment of the population, and acts and conditions that violate norms and values TERM 2
objective reality
DEFINITION 2 Social problems carry an ________ _________ TERM 3
Sociology
DEFINITION 3 scientific study of human behavior, including patterns of social relationships, social interaction, and culture TERM 4
Norm violation and social condition
DEFINITION 4 what are the two types of social problems? TERM 5
Norm violation
DEFINITION 5 Discrepancy between social standards and reality, Examines violations of the social norm: deviant behavior
Social Conditions
- Psychic and material suffering TERM 7
person blame
DEFINITION 7
- looks for explanations of failure and recidivism in the individual with the problemex why do children in poor schools fail?cultural deprivation? TERM 8
systemic blame
DEFINITION 8
- point to deficiencies within societal institutions perspective coincides with the sociological approachex. why do children in poor schools fail? irrelevant curriculum? TERM 9
recidivism
DEFINITION 9 the tendency of a convicted criminal to reoffend TERM 10
Sociological imagination
DEFINITION 10 the ability to see the link between individual circumstances and the structure of society
Institutional discrimination
Discrimination that has been incorporated into the structures, processes, and procedures of an org or social institution TERM 17
Racial formation
DEFINITION 17 Sociohistorical process by which races are continually being shaped and transformed TERM 18
3 criteria of structural discrimination theories
DEFINITION 18 These are what?-All structural theories agree:-On the importance of history-That discrimination can occur without conscious bigotry-That Institutions are interrelatedE., Education x Employment x Health TERM 19
Gender binary
DEFINITION 19 Pairs sex and gender together and assumes two distinct and contrasting genders TERM 20
Hegemonic masculinity
DEFINITION 20 The configuration of gender practice which guarantees the dominant position of men and the subordination of women
Human capital theory
Theory that states individual characteristics of women cause their inequality in the workplace TERM 22
Dual labor market theory
DEFINITION 22 Theory of the labor market as 2 segments with different rewards, roles, and characteristics TERM 23
Social construction of
deviance
DEFINITION 23 What is this?1.Deviances is socially constructed2.Deviance is relative3.Deviance is an integral part of societes4.Deviance is related to power5.Deviance is related to stigma TERM 24
Homosexuality
DEFINITION 24 __________ is treated and defined as deviant TERM 25
Ideological Oppression
DEFINITION 25 These are examples of what?Homophobia - fear/hatred of homosexualityReligion - homosexuality as sinMedicine - homosexuality as pathology
Colonialism
A territory controlled by a powerful country that exploits the land and the people for its own benefit TERM 32
Cultural Hegemony
DEFINITION 32 Beliefs, values, etc support this dominant ideology so that people (willingly) subscribe to this dominant belief system TERM 33
Wealth
DEFINITION 33 Accumulation of resources or assets- a persons net worth TERM 34
Globalization
DEFINITION 34 processes by which people are increasingly interconnected economically, politically, culturally, and environmentally TERM 35
Dominant group
DEFINITION 35 refers to those holding power in a society, regardless of number
racial stratification
a system of inequality in which better occupational opportunities, income, and education are afforded to whites TERM 37
mass incarceration
DEFINITION 37 criminal justice system and the larger web of laws, rules, policies, and customs that control those labeled criminals TERM 38
immigration
DEFINITION 38 the permanent movement of people into a country to which they are not native or do not possess citizenship TERM 39
Multinational
corporations
DEFINITION 39 corporate organization which owns or controls production of goods or services in at least one country other than its home countryex coca cola TERM 40
Poverty
DEFINITION 40 affects an individuals life chances (the chances throughout ones life cycle to live and experience the good things in life).
Oligarchy
A political system that is ruled by a few. TERM 47
Plutocracy
DEFINITION 47 government by or in the interest of the rich. TERM 48
Democracy
DEFINITION 48 A political system that is of, by, and for the people.
