Mode (Statistical Tool), Study notes of Economics

Mode is the value that appears most frequently in a data set. It is a measure of central tendency and can be unimodal, bimodal, multimodal, or sometimes absent entirely.

Typology: Study notes

2025/2026

Available from 02/20/2026

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Mode
The mode is the observation’s value, which occurs most frequently, i.e.,
an observation with the maximum frequency is called the mode. A data
set can have more than one mode, which means more than one
observation has the same maximum frequency. It is denoted by Z.
Mode is that value which occurs most frequently in a distribution.
It is the point of greatest density.
It is that value of the variable which has the highest frequency
Mode Formula of Ungrouped Data
To find the mode for ungrouped data, it just requires the data values to
be arranged either in ascending or descending order, then finding the
repeated values and their frequency. The observation with the highest
frequency is the modal value for the given data is here referred to as the
modal value.
For Example:
Find the Mode of 69,66,67,69,64,63,65,68,72
Solution:
In the given data, the observation 69 occurs maximum number of times
(2)
Z=69
Mode Formula for Grouped Data
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Mode

The mode is the observation’s value, which occurs most frequently, i.e., an observation with the maximum frequency is called the mode. A data set can have more than one mode, which means more than one observation has the same maximum frequency. It is denoted by Z.

  • Mode is that value which occurs most frequently in a distribution.
  • It is the point of greatest density.
  • It is that value of the variable which has the highest frequency Mode Formula of Ungrouped Data To find the mode for ungrouped data , it just requires the data values to be arranged either in ascending or descending order, then finding the repeated values and their frequency. The observation with the highest frequency is the modal value for the given data is here referred to as the modal value. For Example: Find the Mode of 69 , 66 , 67 , 69 , 64 , 63 , 65 , 68 , 72 Solution: In the given data, the observation 69 occurs maximum number of times ( 2 ) Z = 69 Mode Formula for Grouped Data

The mode for grouped data is calculated by using the formula: Mode = 𝑳 + (^) (

) ×^ 𝒉

Where,

  • L is the lower boundary of the modal class
  • h is the size of the class interval,
  • f 1 is the frequency of the modal class,
  • f 0 is the frequency of the class preceding the modal class, and
  • f 2 is the frequency of the class succeeding the modal class. For Example: Calculate the mode of the following data: Class Interval Frequency 10 - 20 5 20 - 30 8 30 - 40 12 40 - 50 9 50 - 60 6 Solution: