Download English Grammar and Punctuation per AP Stylebook: Exercise Solutions and more Summaries English Philology in PDF only on Docsity!
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Sentence Structure Module
Sentence Structure 1
-- Punctuating compound sentences -- Fixing run-on sentences -- Fixing comma splices -- Fixing fragments
- Do Pages 3, 4 & 5 with the lecture. (Answers are within the slides.)
Exercise: Simple and Compound Sentence Punctuation
Sentence Structure 2
-- Parallel Structure -- Misplaced Modifiers -- Dangling Participles (There are no worksheets to use with the lectures.)
Exercises:
-- Do Page 8, Parallel Structure. -- Do Page 9, Misplaced Modifiers. -- Do Page 10, Dangling Participles.
- Plants and other renewable natural resources can reproduce and replace
themselves but fossil fuels and other unrenewable natural resources cannot.
- The earth’s equator is like a giant greenhouse and plants grow in profusion
there.
- The U.S. FBI was formed in 1908 and it became a powerful government
agency under the directorship of J. Edgar Hoover from 1924-1972.
- King Henry VIII is remembered for his six wives but he ensured future
national security of his country by founding a permanent navy.
- Some rivers flow in existing valleys but most make their own ravine.
- The 10 warmest years in the last 130 years all occurred in the last two
decades of the twentieth century at least three of these years were recorded in
the 1990s.
- The slug is related to the land snail but lacks a shell its eyes and tactile
organs are on tentacles.
- Microwaves play a large role in heating and cooking food they are absorbed
by water and fat in food and produce heat from the inside of the food.
- Our moon’s composition is rocky it has a scarred surface from meteorite
impacts.
- Mountains have traditionally been places of mystery, ancient Greeks believed
Mount Olympus was the home of the gods.
- The mountains forming the isthmus of Central America and connecting North
and South America.
- The song that made everyone feel proud to be an American.
- The medieval kingdom stretching from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea.
- Long-term exposure to contaminated air resulting in respiratory diseases.
P PAARRAALLLLEELL SSTTRRUUCCTTUURREE
This is an open-book practice exercise. Use proper copy-edit symbols to change the word or word group that is not parallel with the others in the sentence. Answer key on page 11
1. The coach needed to select, train and evaluating the team.
2. My parents promised to buy a new car and that they would let me drive it.
3. The clerk greeted visitors, opened the mail and type letters.
4. A real friend is considerate, helpful and sympathizes with you.
5. After studying her notes, doing the remedial work, and she got a good
night’s sleep, Jane was prepared to take the test.
Misplaced Modifiers/Dangling Modifiers This is an open-book practice exercise.
- Identify the misplaced modifier that makes the sentence absurd. Move the modifier close to the part of the sentence that it modifies so that the sentence meaning is clear.
- If a modifier dangles, add a noun for it to modify. Answer key on page 12
1. Serve one of the pies for dessert; keep one of them for the picnic in the
refrigerator.
2. The theater offers special prices for students that are inexpensive.
3. The carpenter inspected the board before sawing for nails.
4. The girl watched the seagull in the striped bikini.
5. One can see more than 50 lakes flying at an altitude of 1,000 feet.
6. Found guilty of possession of drugs, the judge sentenced the young man
to one year in jail.
7. Although grumbly and rebellious, the road was still built by the workers.
8. Rounding a sharp curve, a stop sign confronted us.
Answer key for page 6.
Sentence Structure
Simple and Compound Sentence Punctuation
- Foster enjoys bringing new recruits into the Army Reserve, but he most likes recruiting prior-service active-duty servicemembers.
- The new teacher is fluent in German and Spanish, but he needs to become certified.
- Williams plans to pursue opportunities in his current civilian job as a pilot for United Parcel Service and spend more time with his family. (No comma is needed before the word “and” because it is not connecting two sentences.)
- The back door of the house opens, and illumination from a flashlight pierces the dense smoke within.
- The squadron members collect school materials and backpacks from the community and distribute them to needy children at Park Elementary School. (No commas are needed. The first “and” is connecting words: materials and backpacks. The second “and” is connecting two verbs: collect and distribute.)
- Some band members wrote original music for the play, and others created the story.
- National Children’s Day is set aside to celebrate and honor America’s children by having parents and grown-ups spend meaningful time with the children. It’s about strengthening relationships. (A semicolon is an option here, and – (,for) is another option.)
- The alternative ration package includes a pocket sandwich with a three-year shelf life
at room temperature ; it is a good ration package for use in units with no microwave or
refrigerator. (A period is an option here.) ( [,and] is another option to use here.)
- The committee is providing free food and drinks, and there will be a local area radio disc jockey playing music. (Insert a comma before a coordinating conjunction when the conjunction connects two independent clauses.)
10, Thomas has been practicing yoga for four years and is certified to teach yoga and Pilates. (No comma is needed. There is only one subject attached to the two verbs.)
Answer key for page 7.
P PAARRAALLLLEELL SSTTRRUUCCTTUURREE
This is an open-book practice exercise. Use proper copy-edit symbols to change the word or word group that is not parallel with the others in the sentence.
1. The coach needed to select, train and evaluating the team.
A: The coach needed to select, train and evaluate the team.
2. My parents promised to buy a new car and that they would let me drive it.
A: My parents promised to buy a new car and (to) let me drive it.
3. The clerk greeted visitors, opened the mail and type letters.
A: The clerk greeted visitors, opened the mail and typed letters.
4. A real friend is considerate, helpful and sympathizes with you.
A: A real friend is considerate, helpful and sympathetic.
1. After studying her notes, doing the remedial work, and she got a good
night’s sleep, Jane was prepared to take the test.
A: After studying her notes, doing the remedial work, and getting a good
night’s sleep, Jane was prepared to take the test.
Answer key for page 9.
DOUBLE NEGATIVES
This is an open-book practice exercise.
Eliminate one of the negative words from the sentence so that you
do not have a double-negative error.
1. After riding on the roller coaster, we were so dizzy that we could not
scarcely stand up.
A: After riding on the roller coaster, we were so dizzy that we could
scarcely stand up.
A2: After riding on the roller coaster, we were so dizzy that we could not
stand up.
2. Bill couldn’t get along with nobody in the class.
A: Bill couldn’t get along with anybody in the class.
A2: Bill could get along with nobody in the class.
3. Jan couldn’t find her report card nowhere in the house.
A: Jan couldn’t find her report card anywhere in the house.
A2: Jan could find her report card nowhere in the house.
4. There were many deer in the forest, but we didn’t see none.
A: There were many deer in the forest, but we didn’t see any.
A2: There were many deer in the forest, but we saw none.
5. My dad wouldn’t take nothing for his bad cough.
A: My dad wouldn’t take anything for his bad cough.
A2: My dad took nothing for his bad cough.
