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MODULE 26104 STUDY GUIDE 2026 ACCURATE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
Typology: Exams
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⩥ *What two diseases require the administration of insulin? Answer: *Diabetes mellitus *Hyperglycemia - can occur with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and medications such as glucocorticoids ⩥ Types of Insulin Answer: rapid acting short acting intermediate acting long acting ⩥ How is insulin characterized? Answer: *On the basis of their onset of action ⩥ What should nurses know about insulin? Answer: *onset of action
*peak time of action (time required for the insulin to reach its strongest effect) *duration of the dosage for each type of insulin (longevity of its effect) (all of the above varies) ⩥ How are insulin dosages measured & administered? Answer: *units *syringe corresponding to U-100 (100 units per milliliter) (most commonly supplied in 10 mL vials & labeled U-) (U- 500 - 500 units per mL - used for diabetic patients who have blood sugar count that fluctuate to extremely high levels) --> use caution when administering U-500 to prevent overdose, which leads to irreversible insulin shock & death) ⩥ Lantus Insulin Answer: *first clear long-acting insulin *often used by clients with diabetes mellitus for the control of blood glucose
*Can be given 5 minutes before meal ⩥ Humulin R Answer: *Short-acting insulin *Onset of action - 30 mins. ⩥ Humulin N Answer: *Intermediate acting human derived insulin ⩥ If the physician orders 20 units of 70/30 insulin, the nurse knows that Answer: 70% of 20 is 14 30% of 20 is 6 ⩥ If the order is for 15 units of 50/50 insulin, the nurse knows that: Answer: 50% of 15 is 7.5 for each ⩥ Syringes Used for Insulin Administration Answer: *Lo-Dose syringe *Single-scale 1-mL syringe *Double-scale 1-mL syringe
⩥ Lo-Dose syringe Answer: *may hold either 50 units in 0.5 mL total volume or 30 units in 0.3 mL total volume *each calibration on a Lo-Dose syringe represents 1 unit *the smaller the syringe, the more accurately the dose is measured. ⩥ Single-scale 1-mL syringe Answer: *calibrated in 2-unit incrementshis syringe is ideal for the client with vision problems *this syringe is ideal for the client with vision problem ⩥ Double-scale 1-mL syringe Answer: *marked on one side with even calibrations (10, 20, 30, 40, etc.) and on the other with odd calibrations (5, 15, 25, 35, etc.); as a means of avoiding inaccuracies ⩥ Safety Alert! Answer: *never use an insulin syringe to measure or administer other medications (e.g., heparin, penicillin) that are ordered in units. ⩥ Sliding Scale Insulin Answer: *insulin based on specific blood glucose ranges
*Inject air into the regular insulin, invert the vial, & draw up the correct dose. The regular insulin is always drawn up before the cloudy insulin. Remember: clear, then cloudy. *Withdraw the cloudy insulin (e.g., NPH). *Administer the insulin immediately after mixing it to protect the integrity of the combination. ⩥ Safety Alert! Answer: *The insulin vial is rolled between the palms, not shaken, because shaking—in addition to breaking down the particles and causing clumping—produces bubbles. ⩥ Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII) pump Answer: *Clients with diabetes mellitus may use this (small battery-powered infusion device) to eliminate multiple daily injections Functions *Deliver a rapid- or short-acting insulin *Deliver a basal rate of insulin continuously over 24 hours *Deliver a bolus of insulin at mealtimes
*Be external or internally implanted ⩥
