Module Grade 11 Senior High School, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Chemistry

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Earth and Life Science

Quarter 1 – Module 4:

Rocks

Earth and Life Science Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 – Module 4: Rocks First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Printed in the Philippines by ________________________ Department of Education – Region IV-A CALABARZON Office Address: Gate 2 Karangalan Village, Barangay San Isidro Cainta, Rizal 1800 Telefax: 02 - 8682 - 5773/8684-4914/8647- 7487 E-mail Address: [email protected] Development Team of the Module Writers: Josephine P. Jacinto Editors: Melanie I. Samudio Jocelyn M. Manset Reviewer: Jason Ricaforte, Angelica Beriña Princess Paolah L. De Guzman, Marissa C. Betchaida, Louie L. Alvarez Gregorio M. De Chavez, Jr, Jocelyn M. Manset, Mario B. Maramot, Elaine T. Balaogan Job S. Zape Jr. Illustrator: Ednelinda Robles Lovely Joy La Rosa, Charles Erick A. Jusay, Sandro Carlo B. Tablizo Layout Artist: Elizalde L. Piol, Anselma M. Ebero Jocelyn M. Manset Management Team: Wilfredo E. Cabral Job S. Zape Jr. Eugenio S. Adrao Elaine T. Balaogan Merthel M. Evardome Nadine C. Celindro Nicolas M. Burgos Mario B. Maramot Fe M. Ong-ongowan Rosalinda A. Mendoza

Introductory Message

For the facilitator: Welcome to the Earth and Life Science Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Rocks! This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances. In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module: As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module. Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners.

For the learner: Welcome to the Earth and Life Science Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Lesson 4 Rocks! The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to depict skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands! This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to learn in the module. What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module. What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one. What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation. What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills. What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module. What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson.

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the properties of minerals. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. The module covers: ● Lesson 1 – Types of Rocks and their Properties After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. identify the three types of rocks;
2. classify rocks as to igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks; and
3. appreciate the importance of rocks in our daily life.

What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Rocks vary in color, size, texture and shape. They are classified based on how they were formed. Which of the following deals with the study of rocks? A. Biology B. Geology C. Paleontology D. Petrology
2. Halite is made when a body of seawater becomes closed off and evaporates and salt precipitates out and is deposited as crystallized halite. What type of sedimentary rock is formed? A. Clastic B. Chemical C. Organic D. Pyroclastic
3. Igneous rock is divided into two groups, extrusive and intrusive Extrusive igneous rocks form when magma makes its way to its surface as lava and the cools forming rocks. Which will be the characteristics of the crystals?

A. Crystals are very large.

B. Crystals are phaneritic.

C. Crystals are fine grained.

D. Crystals are coarse grained.

4. Regional metamorphism occurs due to changes in pressure and temperature over a large region of the crust. It may happen when rock is buried deep below the surface or where pieces of the Earth’s crust collide. Which is a metamorphic rock? A. Breccia B. Conglomerate C. Marble D. Sandstone
5. Igneous and metamorphic rock can be buried and undergo tremendous heating and stress. What is the process of transformation of one rock type into another? A. Compaction B. Lithification C. Metamorphism D. weathering
6. What type of rocks are formed from sediments over long period of time? A. Igneous Rocks C. Metamorphic Rocks B. Sedimentary Rocks D. Minerals

7. Which type of rock is formed when heated and compressed over time?

A. Igneous C. Sedimentary

B. Metamorphic D. All are correct

Lesson

Rocks

Petrology is the scientific study of rocks. Rocks are combined aggregation of minerals. Petrologist classified rocks based on how they were formed. In general, rocks are classified as igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rock.

What’s In

This module contains activities that will enhance the teaching-learning process among learners about the minerals. It deals with the characteristics of rocks and the properties exhibited by the rock. As the learner answers the questions, they will able to classify and understand the concepts about three types of rocks. They will understand the process of their formation. Moreover, they will develop awareness on the importance of rocks to our daily life.

Notes to the Teacher

This module aims to develop learner’s awareness on the characteristics of rocks and the processes of their formation. This further develop their skills in classifying the rocks.

What’s New

Word Cryptogram Directions: To come up with the correct answer for each number, unscramble the letters by placing the correct letter sequence in the shaded box. Use number boxes to complete the answer to the riddle below. E M N I S T D A Y E R 2 E M A I H T P C M E R 4 G E N O S U C O R I K 3 V A C N O O L 6 C A S I L T C 1 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 Riddle: the layers of sediments that accumulated and carry the records of the Earth’s history.

Sedimentary rocks provide information about surface conditions that existed in the Earth’s past. ● Particles of sand, shells, pebbles, and other fragments of materials called sediments, accumulate in layers and over long period of time harden into rocks. ● Compaction-due to increase of pressure of layered sediments it bind together to form the sedimentary rocks. Three types of sedimentary rocks a. Cl astic Sedimentary rock - formed from accumulation of clasts: little pieces of broken rocks and shells. Examples: conglomerate, breccia, sandstone, shale b. C hemical - formed when dissolved minerals precipitate from a solution. Example: Halite - formed when a body of seawater becomes closed off and evaporates. c. Organic - rocks formed from the accumulation of animal debris Example: Coal - composed of organic matter in the form of plants fragments.

Metamorphic - forms from pre-existing rocks: either metamorphic, igneous, sedimentary Examples: Quartzite, marble, slate, phyllite Metamorphism - transformation of one rock type into another. 2 types of metamorphism

1. R egional-due to changes in pressure and temperature over large region of the crust
2. C ontact-mainly by heat due to contact with magma Classification: a. T exture - refers to the size arrangement ad grains within the rock. b. F oliation - any planar arrangement of mineral grains or structural features within the rock.

5. ___________________

Collect at least five rock samples in your place and take a photo of the samples. Describe the characteristics of each rock depending on their appearance, texture, color, and layers (or bands). Then classify them as to igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic rock. Type of Rock: _________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ Importance: ___________________________________________ Type of Rock: __________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ Importance: ___________________________________________ Type of Rock: __________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ Importance: ___________________________________________ Type of Rock: __________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ Importance: ___________________________________________

Type of Rock: __________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ Importance: ___________________________________________

What’s More

Understanding Science Words Crossword Puzzle Answer the questions below that refer to the terms about the characteristics and different types of rocks. (^10) O (^9) P (^1) C 7 A

C

2 C

6 E (^8) C 3 M I 4 R (^5) P ACROSS 1.rocks formed from accumulation of clasts little pieces

2. formation of igneous rocks due to hardening of magma
3. transformation of one rock type into another

What I Can Do

Reflect upon: Rocks are all around us. It is used for building materials, cars, roads, and appliances. As a senior high school student, how can you promote the sustainable development in utilizing these resources? Give some suggestions.

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Using the Internet, research three rocks of different types (igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic) and state their respective economic and medical significance in our present society.

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Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Rocks vary in color, size, texture and shape. They are classified based on how they were formed. Which of the following deals with the study of rocks? A. Biology B. Geology C. Paleontology D. Petrology
2. Halite is made when a body of seawater becomes closed off and evaporates and salt precipitates out and is deposited as crystallized halite. What type of sedimentary rock is formed? A. Clastic B. Chemical C. Organic D. Pyroclastic
3. Igneous rock is divided into two groups, extrusive and intrusive Extrusive igneous rocks form when magma makes its way to its surface as lava and the cools forming rocks. Which will be the characteristics of the crystals?

C. Crystals are very large.

D. Crystals are phaneritic.

C. Crystals are fine grained.

D. Crystals are coarse grained.

4. Regional metamorphism occurs due to changes in pressure and temperature over a large region of the crust. It may happen when rock is buried deep below the surface or where pieces of the Earth’s crust collide. Which is a metamorphic rock? A. Breccia B. Conglomerate C. Marble D. Sandstone
5. Igneous and metamorphic rock can be buried and undergo tremendous heating and stress. What is the process of transformation of one rock type into another? A. Compaction B. Lithification C. Metamorphism D. weathering Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.