ENCAPSULATION:
Encapsulation is one of the fundamental concepts in object-oriented
programming (OOP). It describes the idea of bundling data and methods that work
on that data within one unit, e.g., a class in Java.This concept is also often used to
hide the internal representation, or state, of an object from the outside. This is
called information hiding .
Abstraction:
Abstraction is one of the key concepts of object-oriented programming (OOP)
languages. Its main goal is to handle complexity by hiding unnecessary details
from the user. That enables the user to implement more complex logic on top of
the provided abstraction without understanding or even thinking about all the
hidden complexity.
Inheritance:
Inheritance is one of the core concepts of object-oriented programming (OOP)
languages. Inheritance is new code that reuses old code. It is a mechanism where
you can to derive a class from another class for a hierarchy of classes that share a
set of attributes and methods.
Polymorphism:
Polymorphism is old code that reuses new code.Polymorphism describes the
concept that objects of different types can be accessed through the same interface.
Each type can provide its own, independent implementation of this interface. It is
one of the core concepts of object-oriented programming (OOP).
How is an object different from a class?
An object is a member or an "instance" of a class. An object has a state in which all
of its properties have values that you either explicitly define or that are defined by
default settings. Whereas A class is a template for objects. Class specifies the
characteristics of an entity but is not an instance of that entity.A class defines
object properties.Much like a blue print that specifies the characteristics of a
building.
How is abstraction different from encapsulation?
Abstraction is the method of hiding the unwanted information. Whereas
encapsulation is a method to hide the data in a single entity or unit along
