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N310 Professional Standards Of Nursing Questions
With Complete Answers
Objectives - ANSWER - Compare and contrast Nursing Social Policy Statement, Scope and Standards of Practice and the Nursing Code of Ethics and how the nurse uses these in practice
- Apply the nursing process to selected patient care scenarios
- Identify professional issues in the field of nursing to include policy advocacy, how nurses influence health care
- Describe the framework that supports nursing practice to include the nursing process and nursing roles and obligations
- Distinguish nursing organizations and role of membership in organization as it relates to nursing practice
What guides our practice as nurses? - ANSWER 1. Nursing Social Policy Act - describes profession, framework, & obligations
- Nursing Scope & Standards of Practice - authoritative statements defined & promoted by the profession
- Code of Ethics for Nurses - professions public expression of values, duties, & committments.
What is the nurse's social policy statement? - ANSWER describes the profession, framework, & obligations and guides nurses practice
tells people what. nursing is
What are the elements of the nurse's social policy statement? - ANSWER - Definition
- Knowledge Base: science & art
- Scope of Nursing Practice
- Social Context
- Standards: competent caring
- Regulation of Professional Nursing
- Application to your Nursing Practice
What is the ANA's social policy statement? - ANSWER "Nursing, like other professions, is an essential part of the society out of which it grew and within which it continues to evolve. Nursing is responsible to society in the sense that nursing's professional interest must be perceived as serving the interests of society. It is a mutually beneficial relationship between society and the nursing profession."
When was the first edition of the scope and standards of practice for nursing? - ANSWER 2004
When was the second edition of the scope and standards of practice for nursing? - ANSWER 2009
What were the changes to the 2nd edition of the scope and standards of practice for nursing? - ANSWER - New scope of practice statement
- New standards of professional nursing practice
- Based on the nursing process
- Standards of professional performance -> Address ethics, education, evidence-based practice and research, resource utilization, and environmental health.
What are the 16 Nat'l Standards of Practice & Performance? - ANSWER 1. Assessment
- Diagnosis
- Outcome identification
- Planning
- Implementation
health care team
Other elements of the NPA - ANSWER - authority, power, & composition of a board of nursing
- education program standards
- types of titles & licenses
- requirements for licensure
- grounds for disciplinary action, other violations & possible remedies
What is the role of state boards of nursing? - ANSWER - implement the NPA
- licensure of new graduates
- delineates guidelines for assignment, delegation, supervision
- monitor nurse edu programs
- deal w/ administrative regulation
- review problems w/ licensure, administer discipline (publish decision)
What is important to remember about licensure? - ANSWER Licensure is a privilege, not a right
What is the Nat'l Council of State Boards of Nursing? - ANSWER - non-profit org
- represents all (US) boards of nursing: 50 states, DC, 4 US territories
- states work together on issues
- develops & administers NCLEX
- disseminates data
- conducts research
- info exchange
What does eNLC stand for? - ANSWER enhanced Nurse Licensure Compact
What does the eNLC do? - ANSWER states who are members of the eNLC issue multistate licenses which allow you to practice physically, electronically, and/or over the telephone across a state border (26 states are members)
What is a ULR? - ANSWER Uniform Licensure Requirement
What if you need to practice in a state that is not a member of the eNLC? - ANSWER You must have a single state license issued from that state regardless of whether you hold a multistate license
What does MBON stand for? - ANSWER Maryland Board of Nursing
What is the Code of Maryland Regulations (COMAR)? - ANSWER the official compilation of all administrative regulations issued by agencies of the state of Maryland
Delegation - ANSWER act involves giving another staff member the responsibility and authority to complete a task, nurse is accountable for outcome
Supervision - ANSWER when a nurse is monitoring care and the work that is done, nurse manager, team leader
Assignment - ANSWER process that moves an activity from one person to another including responsibility and accountability, a nurse manager assigns a nurse to lead a team
Delegation Principles outlined by the ANA and NCSBN - ANSWER - Take responsibility and accountability for the provision of nursing practice
- Directs care and determines utilization of asst
- Cannot delegate the nursing process itself but can designate components of care
- Decision based on RN judgment
- The most fundamental universal principle is respect for people
Guides for Nurses in ethical dilemmas - ANSWER guide called the Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements
patient rights:
- self-determination
- privacy & confidentiality
- client bill of rights
ANA code of ethics
International Council of Nurses' Code of Ethics for Nurses - ANSWER 1st adopted in 1953
A universal global document for ethical practice in nursing
Involves standards related to nurses and people, practice, the profession and coworkers
Social Policy Statement - ANSWER ANA, 2010 - "The authority for the practice of professional nursing is based on a social contract that acknowledges professional rights and responsibilities as well as mechanisms for accountability"
Define ethical dilemma - ANSWER - Having to choose between two or more undesirable alternatives.
- Can arise when one's personal values are in conflict with professional situations
- 'what should be done' in an individual, patient-care situation is at the heart of many practice dilemmas nurses face on a regular basis."
Types of ethical issues - ANSWER Moral indifference Moral uncertainty or conflict Moral distress Moral outrage Ethical dilemmas
Moral indifference - ANSWER an individual questions why morality in practice is even necessary
Moral uncertainty or conflict - ANSWER an individual is unsure which moral principles or values apply and may even include uncertainty as to what the moral problem is
Moral distress - ANSWER occurs when the individual knows the right thing to do but organizational constraints make it difficult to take the right course of action
Moral outrage - ANSWER occurs when an individual witnesses the immoral act of another but feels powerless to stop it
Ethical dilemmas - ANSWER described as being forced to choose between two or more undesirable alternatives
C. Everett Koop - ANSWER - Surgeon General & Pediatric Surgeon
- 1976 - The Right to Live, The Right to Die (concerns about abortion, infanticide, euthanasia)
- Baby Doe Amendment
- Rights of Handicapped Children
- AIDS policy & education
- advocate against tobacco
- Autonomy
- Beneficence
- Justice
- Veracity
- Fidelity
Autonomy - ANSWER focus on the patients right to make decision about matters that affect the patient, patients require complete information or informed consent
Beneficence - ANSWER aware of patients situation and needs, doing good for the patient, doing no harm, involves action to help someone
Justice - ANSWER treating patients fairly
Veracity - ANSWER truth and trust in caring for your patient
Non-maleficence - ANSWER the duty not to inflict harm, intentionally refraining from actions that cause harm
Fidelity - ANSWER the obligation to be faithful to the agreements , commitments, and responsibilities that one has made to oneself and to others
Most Common ethical issues in nursing practice - ANSWER Protecting patients' rights (63.9%)
Informed consent to treatment procedures (61.3%).
Advanced care planning (41%)
Staffing patterns (37.3%)
Surrogate decision-making (32.5%)
End-of life (26.2%) issues
Bioethical Dilemmas - ANSWER Life: genetic screening, abortion, stem cell, cloning
Death: vegetative state, cerebral vs. biological death, 'peaceful death', 'dying with dignity', assisted suicide
Research: humans, animals, protecting rights, 'do no harm'
Internal Review Board (IRB)
Ethical Framework - ANSWER 1. ID the problem
- ID the potential issues involved
- Review relevant ethical guidelines
- Know relevant laws and regulations
- Obtain consultation, request ethics committee review
- Consider possible & probably courses of action
- List the consequences of the probable courses of action; remember patient rights to self-determination
- Decide on best course of action
policy - ANSWER a course of action that affects a large number of people and is stimulated by a specific need to achieve certain outcomes
Veterans Act of 1924
Medicare and medicaid Acts of 1965
COBRA 1984
ADA 1990
CHIP 1997
ACA
Policy-making process - ANSWER 1. Recognize that an issue might require a policy
- Learn more about the issue
- Identify solution options and select best option
- Implement the policy
- Monitor and evaluate the policy
How can nurses impact politics? - ANSWER - lobbying
- committees
- political action committee (PAC)
- grassroots advocacy
- nurses in government
Shirley Nathan-Pulliam - ANSWER elected to MD House of Delegates in 1994
RN w/ years of experience
What is the purpose of professional organizations & associations? - ANSWER - To judge competency
- To perform social functions
- To provide a vehicle to keep up with changes, challenges
- To work toward needed changes
Maryland Nursing Association (MNA) - ANSWER - founded 1903
- promotes excellence in nursing
- advocates for policy supporting the highest quality healthcare
American Nurses Association (ANA) - ANSWER - uses nurses' insights to set policy, influence legislation
- setting policy wherever nurses are engaged
- closely watch federal/regulatory issues
- promote nursing
- improve healthcare system
- protects nurses
Organizations working for nursing - ANSWER AACCN, AWHONN, NAPNAP, AANP, NSNA, ENA, Nursing's Agenda for the Future, Sigma Theta Tau
Specialty Nursing Organizations - ANSWER Academy of Medical-Surgical Nurses American Association of Critical Care Nurses American Association of Neuroscience Nurses American Psychiatric Nurses Association of PeriOperative Registered Nurses
