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Name_______________________________ Chemistry: Naming Compounds
Essential Question : What are the rules for naming a compound and writing its formula?
Vocabulary : monatomic ion binary compound molecular compound base polyatomic ion ionic compound acid
Introduction to the Periodic Table
In order to write a formula or name a compound, you need to understand relationships among the elements as shown by their position on the Periodic Table.
- Metals are on the __________ and have the following characteristics:
a. __________ oxidation numbers (the apparent charge on an atom in a compound)
b. __________ at room temperature (except for ____________)
c. Metallic ____________
d. __________ of heat and electricity
e. __________ (can be pounded into a sheet) and __________ (can be drawn into a wire)
- Nonmetals are on the __________ and have the following characteristics:
a. Can be found in all three phases of matter at room temperature:
Solids- ____________________________________________
Liquid- ________________
Gases- __________ elements (H 2 , N 2 , O 2 , F 2 , Cl 2 ) and the ___________ gases (He, Ar, Ne)
b. __________ conductors
c. Oxidation numbers- ________________
- Metalloids are also called ____________ and are found on top and under the ____________ on the right.
a. Properties of both __________ and ___________
b. Names and symbols: ____________ ____________ ____________
____________ ____________ ____________
*******Rules for Naming Binary Ionic Compounds*******
- Name and write the ____________ first and then the ____________.
- Change the name of the nonmetal by adding the suffix ___________.
Examples: ____________ carbon ____________ fluorine
____________ nitrogen ____________ chlorine
____________ oxygen ____________ bromine
____________ hydrogen ____________ iodine
____________ phosphorus
____________ sulfur
- Sum of the positive and negative oxidation numbers must be ____________.
- Use Roman Numerals when the metal has more than one oxidation number. These are ___________ Metals in the center of the Periodic Table.
Name the metal, then use a Roman Numeral of the ____________ __________ of the metal, then name the nonmetal. This is called the Stock System.
- When a metal becomes an ion with a positive charge, it is called a ____________.
When a nonmetal becomes an ion with a negative charge, it is called an ____________.
Practice Naming Binary Ionic Compounds
- Name the following binary ionic compounds.
____________________ NaCl ____________________ BeBr 2
____________________ AlCl 3 ____________________ LiF
____________________ CaO ____________________ KI
- Name the following binary ionic compounds that contain Transition Metals using Roman Numerals.
____________________ MnO 2 ____________________ Au 2 O
____________________ FeCl 3 ____________________ HgBr 2
- Write the correct formulas for the following binary ionic compounds.
____________________ chromium (III) oxide ____________________ lead (IV) iodide
____________________ silver chloride ____________________ tin (II) bromide
*******Rules for Naming Compounds with Polyatomic Ions*******
- A polyatomic ion contains two or more elements bonded together with a __________. See Table E.
- Name the __________ and then the polyatomic ion.
Practice Naming Compounds with Polyatomic Ions
- Name the following. Use Roman Numeral when necessary.
____________________ NH 4 Cl ____________________ NaNO 3
____________________ CaCO 3 ____________________ Fe(ClO 3 ) 3
____________________ Mg(HCO 3 ) 2 ____________________ ZnSO 4
- Write formulas for the following. Balance the charges of the metal and polyatomic ion.
____________________ potassium oxalate ____________________ gold (III) chlorate
____________________ sodium thiosulfate ___________________copper (II) hydroxide
- ******Rules for Naming Acids with Polyatomic Ions*******
Another way to form an acid is to combine ____________ with a polyatomic ion.
- If the polyatomic ion ends in – ite, the acid ends in – ous.
Example: _______________NO2-^ _______________ HNO 2
- If the polyatomic ion ends in – ate, the acid ends in – ic.
Example: _______________ SO 4 2-^ _______________ H 2 SO 4
Practice Naming Acids Formed From Polyatomic Ions
Name the ion and then the acid.
____________________ NO 3 -^ ____________________ HNO 3
____________________ CO 3 2-^ ____________________ H 2 CO 3
____________________ SO 3 2-^ ____________________ H 2 SO 3
____________________ ClO 4 -^ ____________________ HClO 4
____________________ PO 4 3-^ ____________________ H 3 PO 4
