Download NCLEX-RN 2026 Exam: Q's & A's with Rationales, Latest Update and more Exercises Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
NCLEX-RN 2026 EXAM REVIEW Q's & A's 100% Correctly
Answered Verified and Detailed,Latest Update
NUR 450 - NCLEX Preparation
What are the normal ranges for PT? What is PT used to help regulate? What is the therapeutic range? 11 - 12.5 is a normal PT range PT is used to help regulate Coumadin dosages. The therapeutic range: 1.5 to 2 times normal or control When introducing foods to infants what should you teach the new parents? Introduce one food at a time to help identify allergies. Progression of food should be "AS TOLERATED" The nursing assessment guides decisions about progression. If a question is related to the nursing process, read the question to determine the step of the nursing process. What are the steps in the nursing process and what kind of question might be related to that step. Assessment question address the gathering and verification of data. Analysis questions require the nurse to: interpret data, collect additional information, identify and communicate nursing diagnoses and determine the health team's ability to meet the pts needs.
Planning questions ask about determining, prioritizing, and modifying outcomes of care. Implementation questions reflect the management and organization of care and the assignment and delegation of tasks. Be prepared for questions on client teaching. Evaluation questions focus on comparing the actual outcomes of care with the expected outcomes and on communicating and documenting findings. What are the normal ranges for H&H? What are the nursing implications Hemoglobin - Male 14-18 Female 12-16 Newborn 14- 24 High altitude living increases value, slight decrease during pregnancy. Drug therapy can alter values. Hematocrit - Male 42-52 Female 37-47 Newborn 44- 64 Prolonged stasis from vasoconstriction secondary to the tourniquet can alter values. Abnormalities in RBC size may alter Hct values What are the normal ranges for WBC? What can increase values? What can decrease values? How long does the postpartum period of pregnancy affect normal ranges? What range is normal during the postpartum period? Both genders 5000-10000 Newborn 9000- 30000
decreased values may be caused by hemorrhage, DIC, reduced production of platelets, infections, use of prosthetic heart valves, and drugs. Drugs that decrease platelets: acetaminophen, aspirin, chemotherapy, H2 blockers, INH, Levaquin, streptomycin, sulfonamides, thiazide diuretics. What are the normal ranges for K+? What should you keep in mind when getting a specimen? 3.5-5 is normal range for potassium Exercise of the forearm with tourniquet in place may cause an increased level. Hemolysis of specimen can result in a falsely elevated value What are the normal ranges for Na+? What should you consider when collecting a specimen? 136 - 145 is a normal sodium range Do Not collect from an arm with an infusing IV solution What are the normal ranges for Ca+? What type of drug can increase calcium levels? What are two tests with positive results that are associated with hypocalcemia? How do you preform the two tests? 9 - 10.5 for adults. slightly lower in the elder Use of thiazide diuretics can cause increased levels of calcium Positive Chvostek and Trousseau tests are associated with hypocalcemia.
- Chvostek sign: contraction of ipsilateral facial muscles when the facial nerve is tapped just in front of the ear.
- Trousseau sign: carpopedal spasm elicited by inflating a sphygmomanometer above systolic BP for 3 minutes. What are the normal ranges for Mg+? What may high magnesium levels indicate? What may low magnesium levels indicate? 1.7-2. A high magnesium level may indicate: Addison disease Chronic renal failure, Dehydration, Diabetic acidosis Oliguria A low magnesium level may indicate: Alcoholism Chronic diarrhea, Delirium tremens, Hemodialysis Hepatic (liver) cirrhosis, Hyperaldosteronism Hypoparathyroidism, Pancreatitis, Too much insulin Toxemia of pregnancy, Ulcerative colitis What are the normal ranges for Cl- 98 - 106 is the normal range for chloride
https://jamesdicksonm.gumroad.com/l/okrxje To get the full Test Bank Email [email protected]. Remember our Test Bank are updated every year(most recently in April 2026.) to accommodate changes done by National Council of State Board of Nursing (NCSBN) and prepare student for their examination. to get actual exam questions. April 2026 latest update Copy the link below https://jamesdicksonm.gumroad.com/l/okrxje use the link below to get the three test banks or email [email protected] for discounted price Copy the link below https://jamesdicksonm.gumroad.com/l/okrxje Note our prediction Exams contains 97% of the questions you will find in your exam, which makes as give you 100% assurance you will pass in your Exam. Copy the link below https://jamesdicksonm.gumroad.com/l/okrxje
What are the normal ranges for Creatinine? What is the ratio of BUN-creatinine? What does it indicate? Male 0.6-1. Female 0.5-1. BUN-creatinine ratio of 20:1 indicates adequate kidney functioning What is the relationship of Ca+ and PO4? What is the relationship of Ca+ and pH? calcium and phosphorus have an inverse relationship: when calcium levels increase, phosphorus levels decrease, and vice versa. pH also affects the level of ionized calcium: As pH rises and blood becomes more alkalotic, calcium binds more easily with protein, causing the level of ionized calcium to drop. Conversely, when pH falls, causing acidosis, less calcium binds with protein, which raises the ionized calcium level What are the normal ranges for ABGs? (pH, pCO2, HCO3) pH (AC) 7.35-7.45 (AL) pCo2 (AL) 35 - 45 (AC)
- Right documentation
- Right to refuse How should you address questions related to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Address physiological needs first, followed by safety and security needs, love and belonging needs, self esteem needs and finally self actualization needs. *When a physiological need is not addressed in the question, look for the option that addresses safety. When should you draw a peak level? 30 - 60 minutes after medication administration When should you draw a trough level? 30 - 60 minutes before medication administration To get the full Test Bank Email [email protected]. Remember our Test Bank are updated every year to accommodate changes done by National Council of State Board of Nursing (NCSBN) and prepare student for their examination. to get actual exam questions. April 2026 latest update Copy the link below https://jamesdicksonm.gumroad.com/l/okrxje To get the full Test Bank Email [email protected]. Remember our Test Bank are updated every year to accommodate changes done by National Council of State Board of Nursing (NCSBN) and prepare student for their examination. to get actual exam questions. April 2026 latest update Copy the link below
https://jamesdicksonm.gumroad.com/l/okrxje What is civil law concerned with? Protection of the patients private rights What does criminal law deal with? Rights of individuals and society as defined by legislative laws What is nursing negligence Negligence is malpractice that is NOT intentional. It is the failure to exercise the proper degree of care required by the circumstances that a reasonably prudent person would exercise under the circumstances to avoid harming others. It is a careless act of omission or commission that results in injury to another. What is nursing malpractice? Malpractice is not always negligence. It is often referred to as professional negligence, it is a type of negligence. It is the failure to use that degree of care that a reasonable nurse would use under the same or similar circumstances. Malpractice is found when: *The nurse owed a duty to the patient *The nurse did NOT carry out the duty/breached that duty *The patient was at a high risk of injury
What is documented in a living will? A person documents his or her wishes regarding future care in the event of terminal illness What is a durable power of attorney for healthcare? The person appoints a representative (healthcare proxy) to make healthcare decisions in a document When can restraints be used? What must the nurse do if restraints are used? Restraints can be used only: to ensure the physcial safety of the patient or other residents, when less restrictive interventions are not successful, and must have a written order of a HCP. The nurse must follow agency policy and procedure to retrain any client, Documentation of the use of restraints and of follow-up assessments must detail the attempts to use less restrictive interventions. Liability for improper or unlawful restraint lies with the nurse and the healthcare facility. 30 min pulse checks, 2 hr ROM, one on one, Related to mental Health, how long can an involuntary admission last? 72 hours What is HIPPA and what does it require? Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 established standards for the verbal, written and electronic exchange of private health information. HIPPA created patient rights to consent to use and disclose health information, to inspect and copy one's medical record, and to amend mistaken or incomplete information. HIPPA requires all hospitals and health agencies to have specific policies and procedures in place to ensure compliance with its standards.
What is required for informed consent to be valid? the patient giving consent must be competent and of legal age. The consent is given voluntarily. The patient giving consent understands the procedure, risks/benefits, and alternative procedures. The patient has the right to have all questions answered satisfactorily. It is the duty of the HCP performing the procedure or treatment to obtain informed consent and to answer any questions the patient might have about the procedure. The RN is witnessing the signature not providing informed consent. what type of communication and leadership is it if the person says "do it my way"? Aggressive communication/authoritarian leader What type of communication and leadership is it if the persons says "Whatever...as long as you like me." Passive communication/laissez-faire leader What type of communication and leadership is it if the person says "Lets consider the options available."? Assertive communication/democratic leader What are the five rights of delegation?
- right task
- right circumstance
- right person
- right direction/communication
- Acetaminophen: Tylenol
- Salicylates: Aspirin, Trilisate
- NSAIDS: ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Ketorolac, Diclofenac
- COX-2 inhibitors: Celebrex What type of drug is Aspirin? Non opioid Analgesic Salicylates Choline magnesium trisaliclate (Trilisate) is another type of non opioid Analgesic salicylates Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is what type of drug? What is the maximum recommended dosage? What should you monitor? Nonopioid Analgesics. Max dose: 4000 mg (4 g) in 24 hrs Monitor liver function What have NSAIDs (except aspirin) been linked to and what type of patient should not take NSAIDs? NSAIDs (except aspirin) have been linked to a higher risk for increased cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure. Patients who have just had heart surgery should not take NSAIDs. NSAIDs are very hard on the stomach. NO NSAIDs for Cardiac patient.
At what pain level should an Opioid Analgesic be considered? Pain level of 6 or greater. Opioids are used for moderate to severe pain. DO NOT delegate what you can EAT E = evaluate A = assess T = teach What are some examples of Non-opioid Analgesic pain medications Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Salicylates:
- Aspirin
- Choline magnesium trisalcylate (Trilisate) NSAIDs:
- Ibuprofen
- Indomethacin
- Ketorolac
- Diclofenac K Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors
- Celecoxib
When an opioid is prescribed in combination with a nonopioid analgesic, such as acetaminophen or a NSAID, what should you monitor? The daily dose Name 5 non-invasive non-pharmacological pain relief techniques (1st choice of pain relief) Ten's heat and cold application message therapy relaxation techniques guided imagery biofeedback techniques Name 3 Invasive non-pharmacological pain relief techniques. Nerve blocks Interruption of neural pathways Acupuncture What can cause fluid volume excess? CHF (most common) Renal failure cirrhosis overhydration
What are the symptoms of fluid volume excess? Peripheral edema periorbital edema elevated BP dyspnea ALOC What may be some Lab findings r/t fld volume excess Everything will be decreased Decreased: BUN, Hgb/Hct, serum osmolality, urine specific gravity and electrolytes How would you treat fluid volume excess? Give Diuretics (Lasix), fluid restrictions, weigh daily, monitor K+ What can cause a fluid volume deficit Inadequate fluid intake hemorrhage vomiting or diarrhea massive edema
