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True/False According to the NERC Functional Model, there is no difference between the function and the entity. A) True B) False - correct answersB) False True/False Analysis type questions are designed to be the least complex from a human cognitive process. A) True B) False - correct answersB) False True/False A Transmission Service Provider is an entity that both owns and operates transmission facilities on the Bulk Electric System. A) True B) False - correct answersB) False
True/False The NERC Functional Model is designed so that the functions of Generator Owner and Generator Operator can be performed by two different entities. A) True B) False - correct answersA) True How many forms of identification are required when taking the NERC System Operator Certification exam? A) 4 B) 9 C) 1 D) 2 - correct answers The NERC came into existence as a result of the Electric Power Reliability Act of what year? A) 1958 B) 2005 C) 1967 D) 1997 - correct answers How many certification credentials does NERC have examinations for? A) 2
A) 4
B) 6
C) 2
D) 8 - correct answersA) 4 True/False All four Interconnections operate at ____ Hz, but are not in synchronization with each other. A) 59Hz/False B) 62Hz/True C) 60HZ/True D) 60.02Hz/False - correct answersC) 60Hz How many High-Voltage Direct Current transmission lines are there in operation between the Western and ERCOT Interconnections? A) 2 B) 0 C) 5 D) 3 - correct answersB) 0 Match the Interconnection with the approximated size in MWs.
- Eastern 78,000 MW
- ERCOT 610,000 MW
- Western 42,000 MW
- Quebec 265,000 MW - correct answers1. Eastern 610,000 MW
- ERCOT 78,000 MW
- Western 265,000 MW
- Quebec 42,000 MW In the early days of the electric power system, why weren't high voltage transmission lines needed to serve the customer demand? - correct answersBecause the generation was built close to the customer load Of the NERC Regional Entities, how many Regional Entities are in the Eastern Interconnection? A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 6 - correct answersC) 4 The entity that is responsible for ensuring, in real time, that their area demand and supply are finely balanced is known as a? - correct answersBA (Balancing Authority) CPS1 Measures Control Performance by? A) Comparing how well a Transmission Operator's ACE performs in conjunction with the Frequency Error of the Interconnection B) Comparing how well a Balancing Area's ACE performs in conjunction with the Frequency Error of the Interconnection
D) 30 consecutive clock minutes - correct answersD) 30 consecutive clock minutes (NIA - NIS) - 10 β (FA - FS) - IME is the formula for the __________ equation? - correct answersACE (Area Control Error) Equation The Contingency Event Recovery Period is _______ minutes. A) 30 mins B) 60 mins C) 90 mins D) 15 mins - correct answersD) 15 Each Balancing Area or Reserve Sharing Group must review it's Contingencies on at least a/an __________ basis. A) Semi Annually B) Annually C) Weekly D) Monthly - correct answersB) Annually A BA or RSG has how long to replace its Contingency Reserves?
A) 60 mins B) 30 mins C) 90 mins D) 15 mins - correct answersC) 90 mins The reporting threshold for a DCS event is ______ % of the MSSC. A) 50% B) 80% C) 75% D) 20% - correct answersB) 80% If you have a DCS event and 40 seconds later you have another event and the total amount exceeds your MSSC, how is the compliance calculation handled? A) They are treated as a single event and reported but not subject to the compliance calculation B) They are treated as different events and reported but not subject to the compliance calculation
C) MW/0.01 Hz D) MW/0.05 Hz - correct answersA) MW/0.1 Hz Units with nameplate ratings of _____ or greater should be equipped with governors. A) 25 MW B) 15 MW C) 10 MW D) 50 MW - correct answersC) 10 MW There are how many ways to make adjustments for a time error correction? A) 2 B) 3 C) 5 D) 6 - correct answersA) 2 Who can serve as an Interconnection Time Monitor? - correct answersOnly Reliability Coordinators
BAs use ______ to automatically direct the loading of regulating reserves on their system. - correct answersAGC (Automatic Generation Control) The MSSC for your BA is 650 MW. Your reporting threshold is > 520 MW. (650 x 80%). What is the percent of recovery for the following situation? Loss of a 575 MW unit Pre-disturbance Ace = 150 MW Post-recovery Ace = 10 MW - correct answers+150 + (-575) = - -425 + (x) = 10, x= 435 435/425= 100% The MSSC for your BA is 650 MW. Your reporting threshold is >/equal to 520 MW. (650 x 80%) What is the percent of recovery for the following situation? Loss of a 600 MW unit Pre-disturbance Ace = 150 MW Post-recovery Ace = -50MW - correct answers+150 + (-600) = - -450 + (x) = -50, x= 400 400/450= 89%
D) 30 mins - correct answers6 seconds When a BA is participating in a inadvertent payback with another BA who has inadvertent in the opposite direction, they are doing what type of Inadvertent payback? A) Unilateral B) Bilateral C) Adjacent D) Cross - correct answersBilateral (two entities involved) Balancing Areas utilize AUTOMATIC GENERATION CONTROL (AGC) to_____? - correct answersAdjust balancing authority area's demand and resources to help maintain the reporting ACE The MSSC for your BA is 650 MW. A defined disturbance for DCS reporting would be equal to how many MWs? - correct answers520MW Defined disturbance for DCS- MSSC(80%) = 650(80%) = 520 What is the ACE based on the following information? NIa = 350 I ME = 0
NIs = 50 FA = 59. Bias -250MW/0.1 Hz - correct answers250 MW Control Performance Standard 2(CPS 2) was replaced as a Balancing Authority performance measure by which of the following measures? - correct answersBAAL (Balancing Authority ACE Limit) What is not a cause of inadvertent accumulation? - correct answersMarket Response Each Distribution Provider (DP) shall comply with all operating instructions issued by the _________________, including shedding firm load, unless such actions would violate safety, equipment, regulatory or statutory requirements. - correct answersBalancing Authority If a Transmission Operator has an anticipated emergency condition, it shall inform? - correct answersRC (Reliability Coordinator) BA (Balancing Authority TOPs (Transmission Operators Each Balancing Authority and Transmission Operators shall provide Operating Plans for next- day operations with its - correct answersRC (Reliability Coordinator) Transmission Operators shall notify entities identified in their next-day operating of the following: - correct answersTheir role in the plan Each BA shall have an Operating Plan for the next day that addresses all of the following EXCEPT - correct answersTransmission Outages
do? - correct answersReview the load forecast to determine if any change in the load forecast is required and if the system is appropriately scheduled Each Reliability Coordinator, Transmission Operator, and Balancing Authority shall monitor all of the following except? - correct answersGenerator output (only Generator Operator can monitor Generator Output) Each Generator Operator shall inform its ___________________ and the Transmission Operator of all generation resources available for use. - correct answersHosting Balancing Authority Who must a Transmission Operator notify if it disconnects an overloaded facility? - correct answersIt's RC and Neighboring TOP's impacted by the disconnection. If the Reliability Coordinator has determined the actions taken to address an IROL (Interconnection operating limit) or SOL (System operating limit) violation are not appropriate or sufficient, what must it do? - correct answersDirect actions required to return the system to within limits. After any event that results in an IROL violation, the Transmission Operator shall return its transmission system to within IROL as soon as possible, but not longer than _____ minutes. A) 15 mins B) 30 mins C) 45 mins D) 10 mins - correct answersB) 30 minutes
A __________ shall take all appropriate actions up to and including shedding firm load, or directing the shedding of firm load, in order to return the system from an IROL or SOL? - correct answersTransmission Operator If there is a difference in derived operating limits the Transmission Operators shall - correct answersOperate to the most limiting parameter Each Transmission Operator shall acquire ______________ within its area to protect the voltage levels under normal and contingency conditions. - correct answerssufficient reactive resources If a generator AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator) is removed from service, what must the GOP do? - correct answersUse alternative method to control voltage and reactive output How soon after removing an AVR from service must a GOP notify the TOP? - correct answersAs soon as practical, but less than 30 mins The Transmission Operator shall direct corrective action, including ________ necessary to prevent voltage collapse when reactive resources are insufficient. - correct answersLoad reduction (only result to this when resources are insufficient) Who shall know the status of all transmission reactive power resources, including the status of voltage regulators and power system stabilizers? A) Balancing Authorities B) Generator Operator
In instances where there is a difference in derived limits, the Reliability Coordinator and its Transmission Operators, Balancing Authorities, Generator Operators, Transmission Service Providers, Load-Serving Entities, and Purchasing-Selling Entities shall always operate the Bulk Electric System to the - correct answersMost limiting parameter Regardless of the process it uses, the Reliability Coordinator must direct its Balancing Authorities and Transmission Operators to return the transmission system to within its Interconnection Reliability Operating Limits as soon as possible, but no longer than - correct answers30 mins Each Reliability Coordinator shall, in conjunction with its Transmission Operators and Balancing Authorities shall do which of the following to return transmission loading to within acceptable SOLs or IROLs? - correct answersoperate at limiting parameter Each Reliability Coordinator shall monitor _________ and its Balancing Authorities' performance and direct any necessary rebalancing to return to CPS and DCS compliance. - correct answersSystem frequency Which of the following is the NERC Criteria for having to report a BES emergency that resulted in manual load shedding? - correct answers100 MW Which of the following is the NERC Criteria for having to report a BES emergency that resulted in a voltage deviation on a facility? A) 15% excursion for no longer than 15 minutes B) 10% excursion for longer than 15 minutes C) 10% excursion for no longer than 15 minutes
D) 15% excursion for longer than 15 minutes - correct answersB) 10% excursion for longer than 15 minutes How soon does a Transmission Operator have to update its restoration plan after identifying any unplanned permanent System modification? A) 30 days B) 45 days C) 90 days D) 15 days - correct answersC) 90 days Each Transmission Operator and Balancing Authority shall verify the restoration procedure by
- correct answersTesting A _________experiencing a reportable incident as detailed by the NERC or DOE reporting procedures shall provide a preliminary written report to its Regional Reliability Organization and NERC/DOE. A) Generator Operator B) Load Serving Entity C) Reliability Coordinator D) All of the above - correct answersD) All of the above
