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Question & Answers 2024
The Reliability Coordinator just informed you of a slow time error correction which will begin at the top of the next hour. Your EMS system will not let you change your scheduled frequency. Your Frequency Bias Setting is -100 MW/.1Hz. What action should you take? A) Increase Net Interchange Schedule by 20 MWs. B) Inform the Reliability Coordinator that you cannot participate in the time error correction. C) Decrease Net Interchange Schedule by 20 MWs. D) Increase Net Interchange Schedule by 10 MWs. - Correct Answers ✅A) Increase Net Interchange Schedule by 20 MWs. A Balancing Authority has a sudden loss of a large block of load in its area. This loss will be seen instantaneously in the change of which of the following values?
- Actual Net Interchange
- Scheduled Frequency
- Scheduled Net Interchange
- Area Control Error
Question & Answers 2024
A) 4 only B) 1 & 3 C) 1 & 4 D) 3 & 4 - Correct Answers ✅C) 1 & 4 Metered Data included in the calculation of ACE are: dynamic schedules, pseudo ties, actual frequency, and all __________. A) Tie lines readings B) Generators output C) Scheduled frequency indications D) Transformer load - Correct Answers ✅A) Tie lines readings Balancing Authority A is currently reading a system frequency of 60. Hz. Its Net Actual Interchange is +100 MW and its Net Scheduled Interchange is +200 MW. If Balancing Authority A's frequency bias setting is 100 MW/0.1 Hz, what is ACE? A) - B) 0 C) 10
Question & Answers 2024
is caused by a sudden loss of load in an external balancing area, what will be the result? A) The ACE will be zero and will take no AGC action B) The ACE will be a negative value and AGC will increase generation C) The ACE will be a positive value and AGC will lower generation D)This will not affect the ACE - Correct Answers ✅B) The ACE will be a negative value and AGC will increase generation If the frequency bias setting is less negative than the frequency response of a Balancing Authority and a frequency decline is caused by a sudden loss of generation in an external balancing area, what will be the result? A) The ACE will be a negative value and AGC will increase generation. B) This will not affect the ACE. C) The ACE will be a positive value and AGC will lower generation.
Question & Answers 2024
D) The ACE will be zero and will take no AGC action. - Correct Answers ✅C) The ACE will be a positive value and AGC will lower generation. It is the responsibility of which entity/entities to develop, maintain, and implement load shedding plans? A) Transmission Operators and Balancing Authorities B) Reliability Coordinator C) Load Serving Entities D) Balancing Authority - Correct Answers ✅A) Transmission Operators and Balancing Authorities A Transmission line is loaded 25% above its SOL. A parallel line is out for routine maintenance and can be placed in service in 10 minutes. What is the first step the Operator should take to reduce the line loading? A)Shed load at the downstream bus.
Question & Answers 2024
C) Tie-lines with other Balancing Authority Areas D) Transmission System - Correct Answers ✅A) Distribution system Under Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS) is to stabilize the imbalance between generation and load that has been created by a system disturbance. This is accomplished by ____________. A) Tripping generation first B) Voltage reduction on the distribution system. C) Shedding all load to arrest frequency D) Shedding load prior to generation tripping - Correct Answers ✅D) Shedding load prior to generation tripping Failure to meet the DCS criteria of recovery within 15 minutes results in which consequence for a specified time period for the Balancing Authority's failure to recover? A) Increased Contingency Reserve requirements B) Decertification as a Balancing Authority C) Not allowed to supply regulation services D) Expulsion from the Reserve Sharing Group - Correct Answers ✅A) Increased Contingency Reserve requirements
Question & Answers 2024
A Balancing Authority foresees or is experiencing conditions where all available resources are committed to meet firm load, and firm transactions. The BA should request which level of the Energy Emergency Alerts? A) Energy Emergency Alert Level 2 B) Energy Emergency Alert Level 4 C) Energy Emergency Alert Level 1 D) Energy Emergency Alert Level 3 - Correct Answers ✅C) Energy Emergency Alert Level 1 Preparations are being made to tie two islands together during restoration. Island "A" has a frequency of 58.95 Hz and Island "B" has a frequency of 59.97 Hz. What action should be taken to synchronize the two islands? A) Shed load in Island "B" B) Shed load in Island "A". C) Disable the Synch Check Relay. D) Increase generation in Island "B". - Correct Answers ✅B) Shed load in Island "A".
Question & Answers 2024
C) fifteen minutes D) two minutes - Correct Answers ✅B) one minute or less When coordinating under frequency load shedding and under frequency generator tripping the _____________________________. A) generators should trip before the UFLS B) load should not be shed during the process C) generators should trip after the UFLS D) breakers should open at the same time as the UFLS - Correct Answers ✅C) generators should trip after the UFLS One of the functions of under frequency load shedding is to _________________ within an electrical island that may have been created by a system disturbance. A) balance generation and load B) establish balance between load and interchange C) stabilize balance between generators D) stabilize the Interconnection - Correct Answers ✅A) balance generation and load
Question & Answers 2024
A major transmission line has become overloaded and the transmission operator has taken actions to unload the line. However, the overload persists, and the equipment is now in imminent danger of damage. What is the next action to take? A) Separate from the Interconnection B) Disconnect the overloaded line and notify the RC and affected Transmission Operators. C) Request a Transmission loading relief procedure D) Request permission from the RC to open the line. - Correct Answers ✅B) Disconnect the overloaded line and notify the RC and affected Transmission Operators. A report shall be submitted to NERC following the shedding of at least how much firm load? A) 100 MW B) 50 MW C) 200 MW D) 300 MW - Correct Answers ✅A) 100 MW
Question & Answers 2024
If a Balancing Authority is unable to purchase capacity or energy to meet its demand and reserve requirements on a day-ahead or hour-by- hour basis, which entity (or entities), is it expected to notify? A) All Reliability Coordinators. B) Its Reliability Coordinator and other Balancing Authorities C) All Reliability Coordinators and marketers D) Transmission Operators - Correct Answers ✅B) Its Reliability Coordinator and other Balancing Authorities Each Transmission Operator is required to have a system restoration plan. What is the first thing a Transmission Operator must do when energizing a blacked out area? A) Isolate the load. B) Turn all voltage regulators to the manual position. C) Contact the Regional Reliability Organization.
Question & Answers 2024
D)Close any capacitor banks which are open. - Correct Answers ✅A) Isolate the load. After declaring an NERC EEA Level 3, load goes higher than your generation resources, what is an effective tool in restoring generation to load balance? A) Firm Load Shed B) Exceeding emergency limits C) TLR D) Voltage Reduction - Correct Answers ✅A) Firm Load Shed An 800 MW generator trips in a Balancing Authority external to your Balancing Authority Area. Which of the following indications would you expect to see in your area? A) Net Actual Interchange would decrease significantly. B) ACE would drop to approximately -800 MW. C) Frequency would drop, and ACE would remain relatively unchanged.
Question & Answers 2024
C) Restoring auxiliary power to off-line generators. D) Restoring power to critical facilities. - Correct Answers ✅D) Restoring power to critical facilities. If a Balancing Authority or Reserve Sharing Group is experiencing conditions where all available resources are committed to meet firm load, firm transactions, and reserve commitments, what does the deficient entity need to request their Reliability Coordinator to issue? A) Energy Emergency Alert Level 3 B) Energy Emergency Alert Level 1 C) Energy Emergency Warning D) Energy Emergency Alert Level 2 - Correct Answers ✅B) Energy Emergency Alert Level 1 A Transmission Operator's Emergency Operating Plan states when voltages fall below .87 per unit (p.u.) or 87% of nominal voltage and remains at that level for a sustained period of 10 minutes or longer, manual load reduction actions are required. When the system voltage returns to .9 p.u. or 90% manual load disconnection is not required. If a generator trips off line within the BA and the nearby 230 kV system voltage immediately drops to 200 kV and remains at that level for the next 3 minutes. What is the BA required to do?
Question & Answers 2024
A) Wait 7 minutes for the remaining generator AVRs to respond; close capacitor banks; adjust Transformer Taps. B) Immediately disconnect firm system load until the voltage returns to at least .9 p.u. Notify the RC of the amount of load disconnected. C) Immediately take actions to raise the voltage EXCEPT removing firm system load. Notify the RC and neighboring BA's. Prepare for manual load r - Correct Answers ✅C) Immediately take actions to raise the voltage EXCEPT removing firm system load. Notify the RC and neighboring BA's. Prepare for manual load reduction if the voltage remains below .9 p.u. over the next 7 minutes. A condition when a Load-Serving Entity has exhausted all other options and can no longer provide its customers' expected energy requirements is referred to as ____________? A) Energy Emergency B) Energy deficiency C) Load shortage D) Energy shortage - Correct Answers ✅A) Energy Emergency
Question & Answers 2024
B) Because of the excessive MVAR supply from energizing transmission lines. C) Because of shunt reactors that were left in service after the system collapse. D) Because of insufficient MVAR supply from generators that tripped off. - Correct Answers ✅B) Because of the excessive MVAR supply from energizing transmission lines. What is the most important information for load forecasting? A) Planned generation outages B) Planned transmission outages C) Historic load D) Weather forecast - Correct Answers ✅D) Weather forecast Which of the following describes Power Factor? A) Difference between real and reactive power B) The ratio of real power and apparent power
Question & Answers 2024
C) Factors of magnetic strength D) Equation to determine real power - Correct Answers ✅B) The ratio of real power and apparent power A Balancing Authority has a 200 MW/0.1 Hz frequency bias with zero schedules. Frequency is 60.00 Hz and ACE is 0, what should the sum of all the Balancing Authorities Interconnection ties equal? A) Small MW amount out of the BA B) System Load C) Zero D) Total Generation - Correct Answers ✅C) Zero A simple power system is composed of three transmission lines that connect the generation area to the load area. The three lines are different lengths, but each line has the same impedance. Each line is initially loaded at 200 MW. The SOL of each line is 400 MW. If one of the three lines trips, what will be the loading on the shortest remaining line and will the SOL of either remaining line be violated? A) 400 MW/Yes B) 400 MW/No C) 300 MW/Yes
