Network Layer IV, IP Protocol - Lecture Slides | ECE 453, Study notes of Computer Systems Networking and Telecommunications

Download Network Layer IV, IP Protocol - Lecture Slides | ECE 453 and more Study notes Computer Systems Networking and Telecommunications in PDF only on Docsity!

ECE453 – Introduction toComputer Networks Lecture

Network Layer

IV

Lecture

Network Layer

IV

IP Protocol

Names, Addresses, Route

Name: identify what an object is Address: identify where it is Route: tell how to get there Route: tell how to get there Each host on a TCP/IP internet isassigned a unique 32-bit binary address(IPv4) for computation and is used in allcommunications with that host

Hierarchy Within IP Address

netid hostid Dotted decimal notation Dotted decimal notation One address for one host? 1000000 00001010 00000010 00011110is written as 128.10.2.

Implement Hierarchy of IPAddress

0 hostid 0 1 2 3 4 31 16 24 netid hostid 8 1 0 netid hostid 1 1 0 netid 1 1 1 Multicast address 0 Class AClass BClass C Class D 1 1 1 Multicast address 0 1 1 1 Reserved for future use 1 0 Class D Class E Class Lowest address Highest address A 0.1.0. 126.0.0. B 128.0.0. 191.255.0. C 192.0.1. 223.255.255. D 224.0.0. 239.255.255. E 240.0.0. 247.255.255.

Subnet: Extension toAddressing

Rest of the R H H All traffic to128.10.0. Network 128.10.1. 128.10.1. 128.10.1. Rest of the Internet R H H Network 128.10.2. 128.10.2. 128.10.2. Local part Internet part Physicalnetwork Internet part Host

Subnet Implementation WithMask

Network mask specifies how to partitionlocal port of IP address into physical netand host port 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000255.255.255.0 specifies first three octetsas network portion of the address

Special IP Addresses

single- network broadcast address:
255.255.255. unconfigured address:
0.0.0.
0.0.0. loopback address:
127.X.X.X, typically 127.0.0. private internets:
10.0.0.1 through 10.255.255.254 (10/8)
172.16.0.1 through 172.31.255.254 (172.16/12)
192.168.0.1 through 192.168.255.254(192.168/16)

Assigning Addresses

Manual configuration (fixed IP address)
/etc/resolv.conf (name server)
/etc/sysconfig/network (gateway) /etc/network

scripts/ifcfg

eth0 (IP address,
/etc/network

scripts/ifcfg

eth0 (IP address, netmask, network)
Control-panel Dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP)
DHCP server
Client obtains an IP address dynamically