Chapter 2
Network Models
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Network Models: Layered Tasks and Protocols, Schemes and Mind Maps of Engineering
An overview of network models, focusing on the transmission control protocol/internet protocol (tcp/ip) suite and its layered structure. It explains the concept of layered tasks, where each layer in the tcp/ip protocol suite has a specific functionality and responsibility, such as the physical layer handling the movement of individual bits, the data link layer managing frame delivery, the network layer responsible for packet delivery, the transport layer ensuring reliable process-to-process message delivery, and the application layer providing services to the user. The document also introduces the open systems interconnection (osi) model, an iso standard that covers all aspects of network communications, and compares it to the tcp/ip protocol suite. This information would be useful for students studying computer networks, network architecture, and protocol design, as it provides a fundamental understanding of how network communication is structured and organized.
Typology: Schemes and Mind Maps
2019/2020
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Chapter 2
Network Models
LAYERED TASKS
We use the concept of layers in our daily life.
Consider two friends communicating through
postal mail.
The process of sending a letter to a friend
would be complex if there were no services
available from the post office.
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP) is a protocol suite used in
the Internet today.
It is a hierarchical protocol made up of
interactive modules, each of which
provides a specific functionality.
Hierarchical means that each upper level
protocol is supported by the services
provided by one or more lower level
protocols.
TCP/IP
TCP/IP Protocol suite
Logical connections between TCP/IP layers
Using logical connections makes it easier for us to think
about the duty of each layer.
The duty of the application, transport, and network layers is
end-to-end. The domain of duty of the top three layers is the
internet.
The duty of the data-link and physical layers is hop-to-hop,
in which a hop is a host or router. The domain of duty of the
two lower layers is the link.
1-Physical layer
The physical layer is responsible for movements of individual bits
from one hop (node) to the next.
Hop-to-hop delivery
3-Network layer
(^) The network layer is responsible for the delivery of individual packets from the
source host to the destination host.
4-Transport layer
(^) The transport layer is responsible for the delivery of a message from one
process to another.