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AAMI standard for conventional dialysis requires the total microbial count to be less than - answer200 CFU/mL abnormal levels of this electrolyte can cause cardiac arrhythmias and even death - answerPotassium Acceptable interdialytic weight gains are - answer3-5% of TW The AAMI standard for endotoxin levels in conventional daily's are is - answerLess than 2 EU/mL albumin is an important test that tells about the patient------------status - answernutritional All of the follow are phosphate binders EXCEPT - answerVitamin B numbness and tingling - answerNot a sign or symptom of an infected access Asepsis - answerAbsence of disease producing organisms AAMI chemical analysis of water used for hemodialysis is tested - answerAnnually A 58- year old patient who is blind comes to treatment accompanied by his wife. What approach should the dialysis tech use when interacting with the patient? - answerDescribe the activities in the immediate environment A dialysis technician observed a drop of blood on the surface of a patient's machine. What action should the tech take? - answerClean the machine surface immediately About one ounce (30 ml) fluid is on the floor - answerA dialysis technician observes all of the below on the treatment floor, which one poses an environment risk? A females dialysis technician has been caring for a male patient for several months. The patient tells the dialysis tech that he is lonely and depressed. He asks the tech to go out to dinner with him. In addition to politely declining the patients invitation, what action should the dialysis technician take? - answerRefer the patient to the social worker A fistula connects - answeran artery to a vein A marker used to determine the middle molecule clearance of a dialyzer is - answerVitamin B
A mixed bed DI tank contains - answercations and anions Nephron is made up of - answerA glomerulus and a tubule system A patient complains of pain at venous needle site. The dialysis technician observes there is swelling distal to the venous needle site and that the venous pressure is rising. The tech should suspect - answerAn infiltration A patient who is to receive their first dialysis treatment is prone to - answerdialysis disequilibrium syndrome a patient tells the technician that the dietitian reviewed high-potassium foods with her. during the conversation she states she routinely eats the following food. which one is highest in potassium? - answerbananas slow pulse of 54 beats/minute would indicate the patient has: - answerbradycardia A reason why a dialysis technician is to be certified is: - answerIt's a CMS requirement A rise in transmembrane pressure in a low flux dialyzer during hemodialysis is indicative of - answerclotting in the extracorporeal circuit A teammate asks you to document the normal saline he just gave to Mr. Smith. You would - answernever document something that someone else did A true aneurysm can be dangerous because it - answermay rupture and cause the patient to bleed profusely A patient's laboratory results indicate that the predialysis BUN level was lower than the post dialysis BUN level. When interpreting these findings the technician should seek the answer to which of these questions. - answerWas the post dialysis sample drawn correctly a rapid pulse of 104 beats/minute would indicate that the patient has: - answertachycardia A patient's target weight is 154.0 lb (70 kg) and the patient's pre treatment weight is 158.4 lb (72 kg). For a four-hour treatment, how many mL/hour must the patient lose to reach dry weight? - answer AAMI standard for conventional dialysate requires the total microbial count be less than
- answer100 CFU/mL abnormal levels of this electrolyte can cause cardiac arrhythmias and even death - answerPotassium
During hemodialysis a patient goes into cardiac arrest. The first action for the dialysis technician is - answerCall for assistance Dialysate pH should be - answerBetween 6.9 and 7. During hemodialysis, the air detector on Ms. Foster's machine alarms and foam is visible in the venous drip chamber. The immediate action of the dialysis technician should be to: - answerClamp the venous line during predialysis data collection, it would be best for the technician to ask the patient which of these questions? - answerHow have you been since your last dialysis treatment? During the hemodialysis treatment, a patient complains of feeling chilled. In addition to getting the patient a blanket, which of these actions should the technician take? - answertake the patient's temperature during the set-up of a hemodialysis machine, the alarm test for conductivity fails. which of these actions should the dialysis technician take? - answerNotify the equipment technician ESRD specific tests such as BUN, Creatinine, and URR are - answerindicators of the adequacy of the renal replacement therapy excess fluid is forced out of the blood and into the dialysate during dialysis by which principle? - answerultrafiltration Feed conductivity minus product conductivity divided by feed conductivity X 100 is the formula for calculating - answerpercent resistivity Fifteen minutes before the end of a hemodialysis treatment, a patient complains of dizziness and nausea. These symptoms are most likely due to: - answerhypotension Fluid to be removed divided by the treatment time tells us - answerthe ultrafiltration rate Germicide rebound occurs due to - answerInadequate dialyzer priming A semipermeable membrane is a porous barrier that: - answerAllows for only certain sized particles to cross Mrs. Smith's target weight is 62 kg. Her pretreatment weight when she came in for treatment on Monday was 67 kg. The priming saline amount is 240 mL, the rinseback amount is 200 mL, fluid from medications is 100 mL, and she is not allowed any fluids during treatment. What is the total amount of fluid weight to be removed during her treatment? - answer5,540 mL
Based on Mrs. Smith's total amount of fluid to be removed, what is the ultrafiltration rate per hour (mL/hr) for her 4-hour treatment? - answer1,385 ml/hr Hives, itching, tightness of the chest and respiratory distress may be signs and symptoms of - answeranaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction) Hyperkalemia can lead to - answercardiac arrest if a patient develops an infection post transplant, the largest contributing factor would most likely be: - answerimmunosuppressive medication If the extracorporeal circuit clots and it must be discarded, it would be most important to monitor the patient's serum level of - answerhemoglobin During dialyzer reprocessing, the blood compartment is tested to - answerCheck dialyzer for total cell volume Infection control protocols for hemodialysis equipment should include which of these actions by the caregiver? - answerusing gloves when touching the machine Lidocaine is administered - answerintradermally Low albumin levels in the dialysis patient have been linked with - answerHigher hospitalization and death rates A medication that dialyzes off easily is - answerDigoxin Mr. jones demonstrates how to wash his access. this is a an example of which adult learning principle - answerpsychomotor Mr. jones suffers from constipation. he goes to the drug store to buy a laxative. Mr. jones should avoid which medication? - answermilk of magnesia Mr. Roberts verbalizes how to hand crank his blood pump in the event of an emergency. this is an example of which adult principle? - answercognitive Mrs. pruitt's temperature is elevated post-hemodialysis treatment. which of these actions should the dialysis technician take? - answerNotify the nurse Mrs. smith arrives for dialysis treatment complaining of shortness of breath. her pre- dialysis weight is 4.7 kilograms above the last post-treatment weight. the dialysis technician reweighed and verified the weight. which of the actions should the dialysis technician take next? - answernotify the nurse of the need for an assessment
The most important monitor in the dialysis setting is - answerteammate The extracorporeal circuit consists of the - answerblood lines and the dialyzer The normal range of resting respirations in an adult is - answer12-20 breaths per minute the dextrose used in the dialysate for peritoneal dialysis can cause - answerhyperglycemia The leading cause of chronic kidney disease for adults in the United States - answerdiabetes The organization that has as a goal to 'improve the care and outcomes of all individuals with kidney disease' is called - answerKDOQI the dialysis technician's role in patient education is to - answerreinforce educational information provided The most important intervention to prevent the spread of infection - answerPerform hand hygiene The movement of fluid from the tissues toward a higher concentration of sodium in the blood is and example of - answerOsmosis The functional unit of the kidney, or the structure in the kidneys that does the work is the... - answerNephron The bruit in a AV fistula or graft is detected by - answerListening with a stethoscope The national standard, based on the KDOQI guidelines for the urea reduction rate (URR) is a ratio greater than - answer65% KDOQI - answerKidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative The most important member of the patient care team is the - answerpatient The medication used to improve calcium absorption is - answerZemplar How do you know if a patient can safely disconnect themselves in an emergency - answerLet the patient show you after a treatment 'Dwell time' in peritoneal dialysis is defined as: - answerThe amount of time the peritoneal fluid remains in the abdomen Dialysate conductivity measures - answerthe total electrical charge of a solution
name two compartments of the dialyzer - answerblood and dialysate Which statement is true about kidney transplantation - answerThe is a shortage of available kidney donors The usual fluid allowance for a person with kidney failure is - answer1.0 to 1.5 liters daily The scale says a patient weights 70kg this is the same as weighing how many pounds - answer The organization that sets the standards for dialysis water quality is called - answerAAMI total cell volume (TCV) is a indirect measure of the - answerperformance of the dialyzer Total chlorine levels in the water are tested - answerbefore each patient shift or every four hour The purpose of using counter currant flow is to - answerIncrease the rate of waste removal water moves across a membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration by which principle - answerosmosis water softener - answerOperates on the principle of ion exchange What are the typical signs of fluid overload - answeredema and shortness of breath The usual heparin sodium concentration for anticoagulation during hemodialysis is - answer1,000 u/mL To determine the patency of an arteriovenous vascular access, the dialysis technician should initially fell for the presence of - answerA thrill Ultrafiltration is influenced by - answerTransmembrane pressure Waste products are removed during dialysis by which principle - answerUltrafiltration The water softener removes - answercalcium and magnesium The reprocessed dialyzer is carefully rinsed prior to patient use to remove - answerResidual germicide
What actions would increase diffusion during dialysis - answerUsing a bath that will provide a greater concentration gradient Fluid - answerDiffuses from the patients blood during dialysis hand hygiene - answerthe most important technique used in preventing and controlling transmission of infection What learning domain is behavioral - answerAffective when cannulating, the tips of the needles should be at least - answer1.5" or the width of 2 fingers apart What symptoms would indicate a need to increase the target weight - answerHypotension and cramping Your patient is to receive 2000 units of heparin. The vile you are using is 1000u/ml heparin. How many mls will you draw up for this patient - answer2. What type vascular access has the fewest complications - answerarteriovenous fistula What is used to prevent air in bloodlines - answerTighten all connections What organization establishes the standards and recommendations for dialyzer reprocessing - answerAAMI What would cause a high venous pressure alarm - answerVenous needle is against the wall of the vessel What might indicate a need to decrease the heparin dose? - answerThe patient just had surgery yesterday What might indicate the need to increase heparin? - answerclotting in the extracorporeal circuit What technician activities contributes to data collection used to measure quality outcomes - answerEnsuring accurate documentation A decrease in transmembrane pressure in a high flux dialyzer during hemodialysis is indicative of - answerClotting of the extra corporeal circuit You have documented incorrectly on a patient's chart. How do you correct this? - answerDraw one line through it, date, time, sign, with the words "error" What practice helps build a patients immunity to hepatitis B - answerVaccination
A patient asks the technician " what does uremia mean?" The technicians response should be based on the understanding that uremia is - answerAn increase of wastes in the blood A central venous catheter may be used as a vascular access when a - answerPatient has inadequate blood vessels in the limbs Before a dialysis treatment, the patient tells the technician "yesterday, I felt terrible and vomited up some blood. I feel much better today" the technician can expect the patients treatment will be modified by - answerDecreasing the heparin does The technician is unsure which one of a patients AV grafts anastomoses is arterial and which is venous. In order to differentiate between the two the technician should - answerCompress the graft in the middle and palpate each side At the end of a patient's treatment, which of these findings, if observed by the technician, should be reported to the nurse? - answerA pulse rate of 55 beats per minute A patient asks the dialysis technician "why am I getting vitamin D therapy?" What should the tech tell the patient - answerVitamin d is needed for healthy bones Why are dialysis patients more likely to become infected with germs like MSRA - answerThey have weak immune systems Legally, if a treatment was performed but not charted in the patient's record, it was - answernot done The most common cause of a low conductivity alarm during hemodialysis is - answerAn exhausted concentrate supply A patient who has diabetes mellitus should be observed for signs of low blood sugar which include - answerAnxiety and confusion A patient asks the technician why a high venous pressure alarm is sounding. The technician should explain that a high venous pressure alarm might indicate a - answerClotting of the blood in the access In hemodialysis the term "reuse" refers to the cleaning and disinfecting of - answerDialyzers A 30 year old male new to hemodialysis, is scheduled for treatments at 6:00 AM three times a week. He tells the technician "I've walked a mile every morning for years. I guess I'll have to give that up now." Which of these responses by the technician would be best - answer
