Download Nephrology and Dialysis Practice Exam Questions and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
complete solution
Peritoneal dialysis differs from hemodialysis in which of the following ways? A. PD requires both vascular access and abdominal access. B. PD cannot be done at home C. PD access is by an intra-abdominal catheter D. Sterile dialysate is not require for PD - CORRECT ANSWERS โโC The main difference between an arteriovenous shunt (AVS) and an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is: A. AVS is entirely within the arm B. AVF is entirely within the arm C. AVF is more likely to become clotted or infected D. AVF requires an external tube - CORRECT ANSWERS โโB Which of the following dialyzers is used currently? a. Kiil B. flat plate c. coil d. hollow tube - CORRECT ANSWERS โโD
complete solution
Which of the following kidney structures connects with and delivers urine directly to the ureter? a. pelvis b, calyx c, glomerulus d. cortex - CORRECT ANSWERS โโA The glomerular filtration rate is an important index of renal function and in the normal adult is approximately: a. 50 ml/nib/1.73 m b. 75 ml/min/1.73 m 2 c. 125 mL/min/1,73m d. 200 ml/ min/ 1.73m2 - CORRECT ANSWERS โโC All of the following substances are produced by the kidney EXCEPT: a. renin b. aldosterone c. erythropoietin d. calcitriol - CORRECT ANSWERS โโB
complete solution
All of the following conditions are associated with chronic kidney failure except: a. low hemoglobin b. hypoparathyroidism c. hyperkalemia d. hyperphosphatemia - CORRECT ANSWERS โโB What percentage of transplanted kidneys is functional 1 year after transplantation? a. 90% b. 70% c. 50% d. 30% - CORRECT ANSWERS โโA Which hemodialysis schedule is likely to be most efficient? a. in-center hemodialysis 3-4 hour sessions, 3 days a week b. conventional home dialysis c. short daily home hemodialysis, 2-3 hour sessions, 5- days a week
complete solution
d. nocturnal home hemodialysis, 8 hours during sleep, 3 days a week - CORRECT ANSWERS โโC The fluid restriction for most patients undergoing in- center hemodialysis is equal to urine volume/day plus: a. 0 L b. 0.5 L c. 1L d 2 L. - CORRECT ANSWERS โโC Failure to excrete beta20microglobulin in patients with kidney failure predisposes to: a. pericarditis b. amyloidosis c. neuropathy d. seizures - CORRECT ANSWERS โโB Blood tests for ferritin are performed in hemodialysis patients: a. to check for iron stores b. to check for magnesium levels c. as an alternative to hemoglobin concentration
complete solution
d. megadose fat- or water soluble vitamins should not be given - CORRECT ANSWERS โโA Osmosis is best defined as: a. diffusion of solute in semipermeable from high to low b. diffusion of solvent in semipermeable from low to high c. a verision of hydraulic pressure used in dialysis d. diffusion of solvent through semipermeable from high to low solute - CORRECT ANSWERS โโB In hemodialysis, blood and sialysate have which of the following properties? a. They flow in the same direction b. they flow in opposite directions c. they mix within the dialyzer d. they do not require a semipermeable membrane - CORRECT ANSWERS โโB In the dialyzer water may be removed from a. the intracellular compartment b. the intravascular compartment c. the interstitial compartment
complete solution
d. all of the above - CORRECT ANSWERS โโB Which site in the hemodialysis pathway has the highest positive pressure? a. arterial blood in the afferent tubing b. blood entering the dialyzer fibers c. blood leaving the dialyzer fibers d. blood in the venous return - CORRECT ANSWERS โโB The term "sieving coefficient of a membrane" refers to the: a. fraction of solute that passes through the membrane by convection b. amount of water required for solute drag through the membrane c. concentration of pores in the membrane d. size of the pores in the membrane - CORRECT ANSWERS โโA Water moves from one body compartment to another by: a. ultrafiltration
complete solution
d. may be calculated by adding the patient's predialysis weight - CORRECT ANSWERS โโC The ultrafiltration coefficient of a dialyzer refers to the: a. fluid passes through the membrane in 1 hour b. pressure in the blood compartment needed to force fluid through the membrane c. pressure difference across the membrane d. fluid that passes through the membrane in 1 min - CORRECT ANSWERS โโA The molecular weight cutoff of a dialyzer is 12, daltons. Which of the following molecules would not pass through the membrane into the dialysate? a. phosphate b. urea c. albumin d. sodium - CORRECT ANSWERS โโC Clearance of low-molecular-weight molecules by dialysis is accomplished mostly by: a. convection
complete solution
b. diffusion c. absorption d. solvent drag - CORRECT ANSWERS โโB A hollow fiber dialyzer has which of the following properties? a. very fine fiber tubes held in place b. fibers about 1 cm in width c. a high membrane compliance d. a high resistance in the fibers, enhancing UF pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS โโA
