Partial preview of the text
Download Notes, STRUCTURE OF ATOM and more Lecture notes Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity!
Hructuye OF Akom © secke Sealer) glass +ube oe ee oe * min MAP i “ caFnode Hie = paton’s Theory 7 PEbTOgIIE NC) © vacuum pump : it creares ula ; : ep oe im lags —* Discovery of @ i low pressure im glass tube ~ yy proton Heisenberg unce ‘1076 mir Hg 2 » —— neutvon | Taininiby iE ia, Uaiiage : 10000 Volt — Thomson's mode| ~*Suanhum no cathod @ — Rutherford Mode. ,-Elechonic configu Anode we “+ EMR 1_Takon Min this condidon Rows come re ank? theory! cathode +o onecle Which iS called — Plank 'S SuanHir SOR — Photoetectvic effect, Cathode Roy. Black body Radiation 1 Ficathode Rays move -ve te Wwe elechode Proves cathede Rays -ve Change ~~ 7 #Electric Pietd is applied cathode Ways} GE my deflected in divecton of tue charge: ic) Ah 1 10s , _ = Iohn palton pro Posecl Their; ctor » Proves cathode ‘yays have ~Ve Choe 1S smattes} indlvisible poxtcle oF }¥SPin wheel is Kept in divechon OF ig | * Matter .ik conlains thyee subalomic) , CaMnode rays : Wheel Robabes ParHcle called. Eechons , Protons, calthode Auys have Neutrons s | create a Sharp Shadow of object in diveckon of cathecle yuys } 'FIYMS that Cothode ways move WEIecHON . cathode Rays eriperiment 'N Straight tine, ~ JT thomson. *inikany these: weve Kia mpya @ Proton: Anode Rays experiment | *”OPS later changed 40 elechon = Rutherford —7 NGKNE OF cathode Rays | Ss = |The elecrrons travey From patrery +0 cathede & these elecrons move From cathodes 40 anode in Porm me Chadwick, (Bombardment) OF electven Ccathed Rays —_______eypevimend} | OF Cathde Rays ischorge Uae Frescike cree PANAHITE OP cathede Ray means Tube low ) Chovge /MCSS TaHO 48 of cathede ——+ + RUys talked} 4 PRNaKITE oF cathode Rays do nok ak oa depend on gus Fieisd in glass ube dl - A cathode os e Se NAHE OF cathocle yaYys do nok _ depend on elechode used. _> tigh volhage cpr ev ber oF Ha ling), — energy required +0 inFinjt sending ef Firsk line of Liman B ov Ha line) AK Binding € 5 eS —+ Energy vequired +0 seme 28 vemoe ; + coavelongth e© From given energy Shei ' RE 1energy of nth shel) | 5 i nzev RZ? | of jengesk waverength SK bdrogen Spectumn 3% F ital ney ——-, n=6 — n=S oF spectwod line: ney _ debe BriockeH Series nen ingle e® Nz=5,-6 IR tT Paschen Series Specific Senes m=3 nz =4,S... 02 [Drowback oF Pohy's model | : decces = —> AP le of thak Series) Saeed Raimer SeTIeS mir? N2> 3/4-- a For Single e& species —+ fot Explain stat effeck & ceamar p n>| va ViSibIE 1 ePFect. cymen series F RroMWN i meL nz=2,3 af S Formula +e de |} |So i or | Fa 4 R= 109649 cr ~1-0967 x10%= 108 Particle arcolerctted From yest enrt | - Pholoelechic EFPecr Plank Guantim “Theory Sneed ‘ > Photoelectric Ofek supports, perrhi che > Mirywell Supports coave nubuive of li9ht nakrve of light > Plank Supports porte nutive oF 119k} —* cohen light is incident on certain i metal electrans ct igh 1s ithe INS Crre objected clue Dis oe socne aaa fe | OF mehal suvPace ain fer { = “a quamty . The quanta are callect photn These elechans cre ceuted Photo PLecHONS. ¢ it Fharacteri site of Photon Detector Leal metal : suTFace Y Traver ccith speed! oF light Ce=3 x Pe fy i 108 misec) in Vaccum | ae af 2) The speed § coavelength of photon a ee chanye In @ medium but its | “TPmmeter Frequency 3 energy constant | 8) The vest mass of Photon is ze | — lene | : RIC Plank cohen photons pavers i+ | > The current Plow due to Molen OP Fotloeg cove natu7e when Photon SS Cron CEE & Phenomeng is culled Phoroelecy Photociechie caver] |—+ The cuvven} which Flows clué to mekon OF eleclwen in ciycwl'F ee he 'S culled phohoetechric cunmenk A - chat 1s the Funckon of bathory ? h= ¢.62%10°34 5 Sec * Battevy ensures thur ejeched electron: Energy Fev 0 no.of photon = p= Nhe flee aT Cuhede to anmdle 5 A {6 Work Funciion C4) 8 Thevsold Furctieg + ShiMe any surface IF FouodtvS porrtice nhie- Enevgy of Photon Ew E=h¥ the ‘ Energy Unit of enetgy > MINIMUM energy xequired 46 eject SL unk = Jout cm ele chron cur to metal SUTFaLe work, sL Unit = Joule funtion is the chorat evishes oF other unit = eV metal lev ~1-6 xto7 "ST ™ work Amidon is dife on dife meal h= 6:63 xpo7S4 J-5 Peer: ov lam “ThesShoidl Frequency CVs) hc= j2u00 ev-F The min requenty OF incident light (9 ejeck an e- From meta SUYFaGp | Frequency ~ | Zz H ae Fe Energy of revolving elechon ec Vz ee \seeping N conskanb | KE =+H3.6% 2? oy | yeh ink } —— / PE =-21-2 % 27 oy ieagig = pe » n hz = WKEePINg Z constant hheeping = Constant En | En Fe velocity of ath pons arbit:- 46 oe ae ——— In a ke eping nN constank [ NX Va iS Kellen Ni . 22 Ne} Ve Z4 a | ——_| Ke ‘Fetal ut “ yom \ | fo ee y a That weeping 2 constonk For H like multiplied by Z* : 2 energy Tap: 1-2: 10.22 en i ates keeping constant ” Pea iW ga ¥. 21742 \293 ez? Vv 2 Time periced > n 1253 24.69 ztev “Ne 93 T =1-92% 19 $ maim lenglh + sing to Mawwell EWR trovoisin Sey POMS of waves ih = mrt — In EWR elecwic Fret »MagneHc Field ~ ocd diveckon OF propagation ave pexpendi| SAVE Number (V) = Reciprocal of Cular 4o each other ~ dave length Electric Velociby” . Diskance coveted by aq cave In one sec Vel of light 3xlo8 mis : | Bmptituc Hd &: the height of crest | av cdlepth of through rote to on" a? Ww solos miele 18 magnevc eae gos wavelength | eee Cramemd | x—eeqy UU IR | Radio waves : RUNS | =: According to monwell EMR travels in |L an Form of waves \ waveiength :- (4) Distance blw any / 4wo cyests or through $-T unit =meber Amphhude ate, yest f) as lei visible ligh- gil ay a j Wiis U 400 ; S06 tpm= tol? m oy Foo : CVIOleF) ciciclotice oa (7ed) dem =10°'?m -reagh metey (nm) @ Frequency - C4) No.of coaves passing | DRAWBACKS Ahrough a point per second | Ae Vetociky of wave EMR explain: O Reflacton ae i) Refract : i Yackon p i$ with SPeed) ais wave Na TN vacuum EMR travels i) OlePyaction § a saad EMR ¢ ¢ ann tains EMR : ¥ = a : thats I i \| Pho ~ unit = Seem" or He i een oie Meee eh Oe il} btackbody Phenomeng! Nate. 4MH2 = 10% He 4m H2 = 1073 Hz 9 Ruthevrord promic model, wants (at- parhtle scattering exper : n i Fluovescent wi —" “C8 most pangs Silt id ‘Pec nude 1e1Pie fipha alba “> Rutherford told thin gold Pil Pov this Experiment Because goid Foil iS most metieahie ~P HE bombarded s- parce onthin Jol Foi " > He made a civcylay Fluorescent Scveey —* most of the ftom is emPhy. Ground gold Coit ye 4 Hele HTeti t+ TTT i ett l- Pa — ¥Ft — MOSt OF the w- particles passed un- deviated trough the goie Poi) > MOSt OF the pant of the an atoms 'S empty > Few 4-patlicle ave deviated through Small angies. — for contain -ve 4 +e charge in Equal amounF gtom 1s neubod + Avery Few (+1 oUt OF 20000) of - parhicie iS deviated back +o the origina! Path Cige* deviated) ke + —» cohole of the tue charge of an dtom is concentrated in q@ small volume called nucleus. ___.peflected Particles 1~* The &° revolves: crround nucteus is |-* Electron is cont “> The Size of nucleus is very Small as Compound +o sive of alam * RK ahom= io, R aUCIeUS = 16% py An atom ig oS 4imes bigger than nucleus R =Re(Anjy"3 em Ro= 4.85 x10°'5m A= mass number; R= Radius of the hucieus CiFFeren- concentric cranes , caned Orbiks ha e j ae hat Ne fae {DracsbacK oF RutherFerd model — Rutherford sak elecron revolves SrouNd the aucieus in ombils mously chonging "S di¥ecHion | Thus meang elecrOn is accelerated mohon. |—* Ric +0 maxwell ie a chovye particle | Yotat® around another changed Parke in acceterated motion then tt TEICUSES ENETgY if @- wlease enery then Finatty if coly meyge in nucleus + SO Rutherford Failed 40 explain MISHENCe OF Ghom Ruthey Forel Fafled +0 expidin mace " Q\ecronic theory. + It can not explain the line Spectrum of nydyogen, 
