NR 302 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
Thorax and Lungs
-What data can be gathered on a patient in respiratory distress from general survey only?
-Do they use accessory muscles when breathing? Position-tripod, Barrel chest, Nasal flaring,
color
-Structure and Function: The thorax
-Thoracic cage
-Sternum, 12 pairs of ribs
-12 thoracic vertebrae
-Muscles and cartilage
-Thoracic Cavity
-Mediastinium
-Pleural cavity
-Lung (Apex and base)
Structure and Function: Pleural Membranes
-Parietal pleura-lines the whole cavity
-Visceral pleura-lines the organs
-Pleural space/cavity-both above total
Structure and Function: The respiratory system
-Trachea
-Bronchi
-Bronchioles
-Alveolar Sacs
-Alveoli
Landmarks-Visualize what you cannot see!
-Anterior chest
-Suprasternal notch “U shaped”
-Sternum
-Sternal angle (Angle of Louis) continuous with 2nd rib
-Ribs & intercostals
-Costal angle (at xiphoid) 90 degrees
-Posterior chest
-Vertebra prominence C7
-Spinous processes T1 is 1st rib
-T3 separates upper and lower lobes
-Inferior border of the scapula 8th rib
-12th rib
Subjective Data
