NR 602 Final Exam Chamberlain Spring Exam Latest 2026 Update, Exams of Nursing

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 NR 602 Final

Exam

Chamberlain

Spring Exam

Latest 2026

Update!!!, Exams

of Nursing

Assured A+|

Remarkable

Grades

Step 1 Asthma approach-Intermittent - ANSWERS -symptoms 2x

or less per week asymptomatic and normal PED requires SABA 2 days/week no interference with normal activities brief exacerbations nighttime symptoms 2x or less a month lung fx- FEV>80% predicted

Step 2 Asthma Approach-Mild persistent - ANSWERS -Symptoms

>2 x a week, less than once per day requires SABA more than 2days/week, no more than once a day exacerbations may affect activity nighttime symptoms 3-4x a month FEV> 80% predicted

Step 3 Asthma Approach-Moderate Persistant - ANSWERS -daily

symptoms daily use of SABA some limitations 2x or more per week exacerbations nighttime symptoms more than 1x per week, not nightly FEV >60% but <80%

Visual screening in children - ANSWERS -At least once between

ages 3-5 y/o according to USPSTF

AOM - ANSWERS -RF: genetics, males, Native American,

siblings, low economic status, ages 6mo-3y, winter, supine bottle feeding, daycare, tobacco smoke

S/S of AOM - ANSWERS -erythema, otalgia, bulging TM, absent

cone of light

Dx of AOM - ANSWERS -Audiometry, tympanometry, possible

lateral neck xray to r/o mass

TX of AOM - ANSWERS -uncomplicated: supportive with

tylenol/ibuprofen; watchful waiting 48-72 in 6m-2y/o; < benzocaine otic drops 1st line antx: amoxicillin 80-90mg/kg/day Q12 x 10days if allergy to PCN- augmentin, cefuroxime

Bacterial rhinosinusitis - ANSWERS -Preceded by URI-typically

worsens after 5-7 days- not resolved in 2 weeks

Sx of bacterial rhinosinusitis - ANSWERS -Purulant nasal

congestion, drainage, facial pain, headache, fever No imaging required- if no improvement refer to ENT

Bronchiolitis - ANSWERS -Usually caused by RSV

wheezing present <2 y/o other causes; influenza, adenovirus, rhinovirus

S/s of bronchiolitis - ANSWERS -Increased work of breathing,

prolonged expiration, grunting, retractions, nasal flaring

Croup sx - ANSWERS -Low grade fever, URI symptoms, barking

cough, inspiratory stridor can occur

Croup dx - ANSWERS -Made from symptoms

Croup tx - ANSWERS -Glucocorticoids possibly

0.6mg/kg-1mg/kg humidified air bronchodilators

Lead poisoning - ANSWERS -Inactivated heme synthesis by

inhibiting insertion of iron-leads to microcytic hypochromic anemia

Source of lead poisoning - ANSWERS -Lead based pain

Congenital Hip Dysplasia s/s - ANSWERS -Thick fold asymmetry,

leg length inequality, walking children- painless limp

Congenital Hip Dysplasia Dx & Tx - ANSWERS -Positive Barlow

maneuver, ortolani or Allis sign US for <4 months, X-ray AP of pelvis >4 months Tx: refer to orthopedist, pavlik harness, child should be seen weekly to prevent skin breakdown, necrosis

Toxic trait synovitis - ANSWERS -Unilateral inflammation

arthritis; acute onset; decreased ROM extension and internal rotation; painful hip, crying at night; common in boy 3-6 y/o

Toxic trait synovitis Dx and Tx - ANSWERS -Dx: WBC with

leukocytosis, increased ESR, hip xray normal To: BR, NSAIDs, non WB

Impetigo - ANSWERS -Superficial layers of the skin

Nonbullous or bullous nonbullous= honey-colored crusts on lesions caused by group A streptococcus, S.aerous or MRSA occurs more in summer months, low socioeconomic class

Impetigo exam - ANSWERS -Lesions on hand, face, neck,

extremities or perineium; regional lymphadenopathy

Impetigo treatment - ANSWERS -Topical antx if superficial,

nonbullous or localized to one area bacitracin neomycin polymyxin B Widespread infection again S. Aerous= Augmentin, cephelexin, dicloxacillin, cloxacillin for 7-10 days

Cellulitis - ANSWERS -In children often periorbital, perivaginal,

perinatal, or buccal

Cellulitis hx - ANSWERS -Recent URI, fever, pain, malaise

Cellulitis exam - ANSWERS -Buccal cellulitis-blue/purple tinged=

h.influenzae

Cellulitis Dx - ANSWERS -CBC, BCx if child appears toxic, has

fever, or is <

Cellulitis tx - ANSWERS -IV antx

if streptococcal= PCN, if allergy 3rd generation cephalosporin if staphylococcus=bactrim if child >2 months; doxy if child > and < 45 kg MRSA suspected= clindamycin

Candiasis - ANSWERS -Tx: thrush-oral nystatin QID

if resistant to tx: oral fluconazole skin diaper rash-nystatin, ketonazole

Tinea captitis - ANSWERS -ringworm of the scalp

diffuse fine scale without obvious hair loss discrete area of hair loss with broken hairs (black dot ringworm) trichophyton tonsurans and microsporum canis-most common organisms African American boys most common

tx of tinea capitis - ANSWERS -griseofulvin ultramicrosize once

or twice daily for 6-8 weeks, take with fatty food to increase absorption shampoo with econazole or ketonazole in addition

tinea corporis - ANSWERS -ringworm

found on non hairy part of body

tx for tinea corporis - ANSWERS -topical antifungals miconazole

or clotrimazole 1-4 weeks BID

Tinea cruris - ANSWERS -jock itch

4-6week of antifungals

tinea pedis - ANSWERS -3-6 weeks of antifungals

onychomycosis - ANSWERS -fungal infection of the nail

typically with T.rubrum or candida exam= opaque, white, silvery nail that becomes thick/yellow seldom symmetrical tx: oral terbinafine, fluconazole, itraconazole

tinea versicolor - ANSWERS -a fungal infection that causes

painless, discolored areas on the skin occurs on the trunk more in adolescents, warm weather, immunocompromised exam= hypopigmented or hyper (salmon colored to brown) with raindrop or guttate appearance Tx: selenium sulfide lotion or shampoo for 2-4 weeks older adolescents can use ketonazole

herpex simplex - ANSWERS -HSV type 1-oral mucosa, pharynx,

lips caused by herpes labialis-cold sore/fever blister HSV-2 neonatal

Herpes simplex exam - ANSWERS -HSV-1= gingivostomatitis-

grouped vesicle that ulcerate and form white plaques on mucosa, gingiva, tongue, chin, labial folds

most common on extremities but can occur on face, scalp, and genitalia verruca vulgans-common wart verucca plantaris-plantar warm condylomata acuminata- on genital mucosa-cauliflower appearance TX: watchful waiting, no treatment if asymptomatic

pediculosis - ANSWERS -head lice

Tx: OTC permethrin 1% 1st step- apply permethrin or pyrethrin 2nd step- remove nits, comb hair 3rd step-cleanse environment

Scabies - ANSWERS -itching that is worse at night-S shaped

burrows webs of fingers, fold of wrist, arm pits, forearm TX: permethrin 5%, repeat in 1 week

Drug eruption - ANSWERS -exanthematous reaction-morbilliform

measles like rash Most common drugs: PCN, cephalosporin, sulfonamide antx, NSAIDS, antifungals, typical onset 1-2 week of starting new med Tx: D/c drug, antihistamines

Erythema multiforme - ANSWERS -skin disorder resulting from a

generalized allergic reaction to an illness, infection, or medication

Pityriasis Rosea - ANSWERS -Presents with a herald patch,

Christmas-tree pattern.

Psoriasis - ANSWERS -chronic skin condition producing red

lesions covered with silvery scales

Psoriasis treatment - ANSWERS - ■ Topical STEROIDS

■ Topical RETINOIDS (TAZOROTENE) ■ TAR preparations (PSORALEN drug class).

keratosis pilaris treatment - ANSWERS -Removal of built-up

keratin; lotions, creams, or ointments; topical steroids

lichen striatus - ANSWERS -1. An uncommon, unilateral and

linear eruption of erythematous, flat topped and scaly papules that may extend the length of a limb

1. Age of onset 3-14 years, Females > males

Retinoblastoma - ANSWERS -tumor arising from a developing

retinal cell (a congenital, malignant tumor) all infants should have red reflex exam before d/c from hospital findings: strabismus, decreased visual acuity, unilateral or bilateral leukoria

Conjunctivitis - ANSWERS -H. influenzae, strepococcus,

pneumonae, or moraxalla typically occurs December-April bacterial-unilateral viral-bilateral

conjunctivitis in newborn - ANSWERS -usually caused by

chlamydia-clear mucoid exudate gonorrhea-purulant exudate

Conjunctivitis in newborn Dx and Tx: - ANSWERS -cx, gram stain

Tx: Saline then erythromycin ointment

Bacterial conjunctivits - ANSWERS -erythema, itching, burning,

mucopurulant d/c Dx: R/O URI, pharyngitis, AOM Tx: neonates-erythromycin > 1 year fourth generation fluoroquinolone (moxifloxacin)

Viral conjunctivits - ANSWERS -caused by adenovirus, HSV,

varicella, herpes zoster Sx: fever, unilateral photophobia, bilateral tearing, erythema Tx: refer to optho if HSV or photophobia present cool compresses 3-4 x daily

Blepharitis - ANSWERS -inflammation of the eyelash follicles

bilateral Findings: swelling, erythema of eyelids, flaky debris upon wakening, gritty/burning in eyes Tx: Bacitracin or erythromycin ointment purchase new makeup, cool compresses

Uveitis - ANSWERS -acute onset of pain, red eye, photophobia,

blurred/decreased vision, excessive tearing Dx: slit lamp exam Tx. refer to optho, corticosteroids typically used

Otitis media - ANSWERS -Findings: bulging TM, decrease

translucency otorrhea, white or yellow TM Tx: 1st line amoxicillin if allergy to PCN-azithromycin

Otitis media with effusion - ANSWERS -children often

asymptomatic

-at age 10 yearly glucose tolerance test

Microcytic anemia (iron deficiency anemia) - ANSWERS -dietary

iron primarily absorbed in the duodenum HGB screening at 12 mo for anemia lead poisoning often comorbid diagnosis RF: premature, >6 mo BF without iron supplementation alternative diets, low socioeconomic status characterized by: microcytic hypochromic RBC, low or normal MCV, increased RDW, low ferritin, high TIBC

Findings of IDA - ANSWERS -infants/toddlers-restless irritable,

PICA, pagophagia (desire to ingest ice), anorexia, developmental delays

Tx of IDA - ANSWERS -iron supplementation 3-6mg/kg/day in 2-

3 divided doses

SCA - ANSWERS -Findings: fatigue, anemia, pain crises,

bacterial infections, dactylitis (swelling of hands and/or feet), priapism, splenic sequestration

SCA Dx - ANSWERS -HGB 6-

HCT 20-29%

SCA tx - ANSWERS -pain, hydration, oxygen utilization, other

care refer to pediatric hematologist should receive PCN prophylaxes until 5th birthday or received two doses of PPSV

Anemia of prematurity - ANSWERS --MC anemia in premature,

low birth weight infant -low RBC production and short RBC lifespan -normocytic normochromic anemia -retic low (v hemolytic, sickle cell - retic high) -normal WBC, plt count -normal total bili (v hemolytic) -tx: iron supplemnts, blood transfusion

Galeazzi sign - ANSWERS -when inspecting the thighs and

gluteal fold of the hips w/ knees flexed, a shortening of the femur w/asymmetrical skin folds is positive for DDH.

Barlow maneuver - ANSWERS -place your index and middle

finger over the greater tronchanter. Gently push both knees together at midline downwards. Positive:"Clunk" sounds or palpating trochangter being displaced by the index/middle finger