Paranoid Personality Disorder: Characteristics, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Approaches, Exams of Nursing

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NRNP 6645 Assignment - Personality Disorders

Personality Disorders Walden University NRNP 6645: Psychotherapy with Multiple Modalities Dr Magenta Hall

Personality Disorders Personality disorders refer to a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by deeply rooted, egosyntonic behavioral traits that significantly diverge from the accepted and expected norms of one’s culture (Ekselius, 2018). Traits are repetitive and distinguish an individual in an array of personal and social contexts. Personality is mapped according to five dimensions, namely agreeableness, neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, and openness to experience (Widiger et al., 2018). The age of onset of personality disorder is ordinarily during late adulthood or adolescence. The etiology is multifactorial. The DSM-5 categorizes personality disorders into three clusters, namely A, B, and C. In the subsequent sections of this paper, paranoid personality .disorder, its treatment options, and the importance of therapeutic relationships shall be discussed Paranoid Personality Disorder A paranoid personality disorder is a cluster A personality disorder. Cluster A is characterized by odd, eccentric behavior with subsequent difficulty forming interpersonal relationships (Lewis & Ridenour, 2020). The DSM-5 criteria for diagnosis of a paranoid personality disorder require the presence of at least 4 of the following; pervasive distrust of others, suspicious of infidelity in sexual partners, holding grudges, unjustified suspicion concerning loyalty of friends, unjustified fear that information might be used against them, unjustified fear that others are harming or deceiving them, excessive reactions to perceived attacks, and perception of benign remarks as concealed humiliations (American Psychiatric .(Association, 2022 Treatment of paranoid personality disorder is mainly by psychotherapy. However, medical therapy with mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and antidepressants is indicated for symptomatic treatment. An individual with a paranoid personality disorder often lacks insight.

.an effective sharing of the diagnosis Conclusion Personality disorders are characterized by deep-rooted behaviors and traits that are contrary to social and cultural norms. These disorders are diagnosed based on the DSM- 5 criteria. A paranoid personality disorder is characterized by overwhelming mistrust. Psychotherapy is the principal treatment of personality disorders. However, it requires a therapeutic relationship. Finally, the sources used are considered scholarly since they are peer- reviewed journal articles from the recommended sites and have been published within the last .five years

References American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. American Psychiatric Association Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books. Ekselius, L. (2018). Personality disorder: a disease in disguise. Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences , 123 (4), 194–204. https://doi.org/10.1080/03009734.2018.1526235. This article was written by an expert and the paper focused on the topic. The paper had at 10 .references Hartley, S., Raphael, J., Lovell, K., & Berry, K. (2020). Effective nurse-patient relationships in mental health care: A systematic review of interventions to improve the therapeutic alliance. International Journal of Nursing Studies , 102 (103490), 103490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103490. This article used quantitative data and its .was published by the international journal of nursing Lewis, K. C., & Ridenour, J. M. (2020). Paranoid Personality Disorder. In Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences (pp. 3413–3421). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978- 3 - 319 - 24612 - 3_ Widiger, T. A., Crego, C., Rojas, S. L., & Oltmanns, J. R. (2018). Basic personality model. Current Opinion in Psychology , 21 , 18–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.09.007. this is a peered reviewed article. They facts .are verified by experts