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NSG-3280 || TEST || 1 || questions || with || correct || detailed || solutions
idiopathic || - || ✔✔unknown || cause Eitology || - || ✔✔cause || of || disease iatrogenic || - || ✔✔result || of || an || unintended || or || unwanted || medical || treatment Pathogenesis || - || ✔✔development || of || disease || from || initial || stimulation Symptoms || are || - || ✔✔subjective || characteristics || of || a || disease || that || only || the || patient || can || feel incubation || period/ || Latent || - || ✔✔interval || between || initial || infection || and || first || signs || and || symptoms prodomal || phase || - || ✔✔time || of || mild || signs || or || symptoms || indicating || onset || of || disease Manifest || Phase || - || ✔✔the || disease || reaches || its || full || intensity, || and || signs || and || symptoms || attain || their || greatest || severity convalescence || - || ✔✔gradual || recovery || after || an || illness Signs || - || ✔✔Observed || and || objective || manifestations Symptoms || - || ✔✔Subjective || feelings || from || patient
syndrome || - || ✔✔S/S || that || has || not || been || identified exacerbation || - || ✔✔a || sudden || increase || in || severity || of || disease || or || signs || or || symptoms Remission || - || ✔✔improvement || or || absence || of || signs || of || disease subclinical || - || ✔✔Stage || of || a || disease || or || disorder || not || severe || enough || to || produce || symptoms || that || can || be || detected || or || diagnosed. sequela || - || ✔✔subsequent || pathologic || condition || resulting || from || an || acute || illness endemic || disease || - || ✔✔local || region || or || native || disease epidemic || disease || - || ✔✔disease || acquired || by || many || hosts || in || a || given || area || in || a || short || time pandemic || disease || - || ✔✔worldwide || epidemic secondary || prevention || - || ✔✔Efforts || to || limit || the || effects || of || an || injury || or || illness || that || you || cannot || completely || prevent. || Colonoscopies, || treating || for || obesity, || high || BP || but || being || treated || for || it, primary || prevention || - || ✔✔Efforts || to || prevent || an || injury || or || illness || from || ever || occurring. || Vaccinations tertiary || prevention || - || ✔✔actions || taken || to || contain || damage || once || a || disease || or || disability || has || progressed || beyond || its || early || stages. || Therapies
▪Causes || bronchodilation ▪ || Increases || the || release || ofglucose || from || the || liver(glycogenolysis) || andelevates || blood || glucoselevels Norepinephrine || - || ✔✔▪ || Constricts || blood || vessels || andraises || blood || pressure ▪ || Reduces || gastric || secretions ▪Increases || night || and || farvision || (pupil || dilation) Cortisol || - || ✔✔▪ || Primary || glucocorticoid ▪ || Affects || protein || metabolism ▪ || Promotes || appetite ▪ || Has || anti-inflammatoryeffects ▪ || Too || much || cortisol || over || timecan || lead || to || pro-inflammatory || effects Aldosterone || - || ✔✔▪ || Primary || mineralocorticoid ▪ || Promotes || reabsorption || ofsodium || and || water ▪ || Increases || blood || pressure endorphins || and || enkephalins || - || ✔✔•Endogenous || opioids || (body's || natural || pain || relievers) •Raise || pain || threshold •Produce || sedation || and || euphoria immune || cytokines || - || ✔✔•Secreted || by || macrophages || during || stress || response •Enhance || immune || system || response •Prolonged || stress || can || suppress || immune || functioning.
sex || hormones || - || ✔✔• || Affect || stress || responses, || thus || influencing || allostasis
- || May || help || explain || gender || responses || during || stress
- || Examples || estrogen, || testosterone, || and || dehydroepiandrosterone || (DHEA) Adaptation || - || ✔✔biopsychosocial || process || of || adjusting || physiology, || morphology, || and || behavior || in || response || to || new || or || altered || circumstances, || internal || and || external || in || origin, || in || the || physical || and || social || environment Adaptation || and || resilience || have || been || ________ || with || allostasis || - || ✔✔Intertwined Maladaptation || - || ✔✔ineffective, || inadequate, || or || inappropriate || change || in || response || to || new || or || altered || circumstances Ways || allostatic || loads || can || accumulate || - || ✔✔(1) || repeated || exposures || to || multiple || stressors, || (2) || inability || to || habituate || or || adapt || to || the || stressor, || (3) || unnecessarily || prolonged || stress || response || or || stress || response || that || continues || after || the || stressor || is || removed, || and || (4) || inadequate || response || to || the || stressor || that || causes || other || stress || response || mediators || to || attempt || to || compensate. || Homeostasis, || the || steady-state || that || previously || existed, || cannot || be || attained Elevated || cortisol || levels || - || ✔✔are || connected || with || depressive || illnesses || and || immune || suppression Aldosterone || does || not || raise || - || ✔✔glucose || levels || while || stress || induced hydronic || swelling || - || ✔✔cellular || swelling || due || to || accumulation || of || water first || manifestation || of || most || forms || of || reversible || cell || injury || results || from || malfunction || of || sodium-potassium || pump || with || accumulation || of || sodium || ions || within || the || cell ||
adaptation || to || persistent || injury, || with || a || replacement || of || a || cell || type || that || is || better || suited || Columnar || cells || go || to || squamous || cells || in || exposed || to || cigarette || smoke. || But || CAN || be || reversed Common || in || lungs Dysplasia || - || ✔✔disorganized || appearance || of || cells || because || of || abnormal || variations || in || size, || shape, || and || arrangement Probably || cancerous PRENEOPLASTIC necrosis || - || ✔✔Usually || occurs || as || a || consequence || of || ischemia || (Hypoxia) || or || toxic || injury inflammatory || response Cell || death Coagulative || - || ✔✔most || common || type || of || necrosis: || Process || that || begins || with || ischemia || and || ends || with || degradation || of || plasma || membrane INTERRUPTED || BLOOD || SUPPLY Reperfusion || injury || to || cells || - || ✔✔involves || formation || of || free || radicals liquefactive || necrosis || - || ✔✔occurs || with || dissolution || of || dead || cells, || liquification || of || lysosomal || enzymes, || and || formation || of || abscess || or || cyst || from || dissolved || dead || tissue Fat || necrosis || - || ✔✔Death || of || adipose || tissue Usually || the || result || of || trauma || or || pancreatitis Appears || as || a || chalky || white || area || of || tissue
caseous || necrosis || - || ✔✔Characteristic || of || lung || damage || secondary || to || tuberculosis Resembles || clumpy || cheese TB Gangrenous || necrosis || - || ✔✔Cellular || death || in || a || large || area || of || tissue || results || from || interruption || of || a || blood || supply || to || a || particular || part || of || the || body || frost || bite || amputation Necrotic || death || of || brain || tissue || usually || produces || _____ || necrosis. || - || ✔✔Liquefaction The || cellular || response || indicative || of || injury || because || of || faulty || metabolism || is || - || ✔✔intracellular || accumulations Does || hypothermia || cause || an || increase || or || decrease || in || blood || viscosity? || - || ✔✔Increase Which || cellular || component || is || most || susceptible || to || radiation || injury? || - || ✔✔DNA Carbon || monoxide || injures || cells || by || - || ✔✔reducing || oxygen || level || on || hemoglobin Apoptosis || - || ✔✔response || to || injury || that || does || not || directly || kill || the || cell || does || not || cause || inflammation || large || number || of || cells || are || continually || undergoing || programmed || cell || death || as || tissues || remodel Nutritional || Injury || - || ✔✔poor || intake, || altered || absorption, || impaired || distribution, || inefficient || cellular || uptake || of || essential || nutrients
Exercise || when || blood || glucose || levels || are || greater || than || ______ || is || safe || if || ketosis || is || not || present || - || ✔✔ 250 What || does || glucagon || inhibit || in || the || pancreas || - || ✔✔simple || form || of || glucose || breakdown || to || make || ATP || and || glycogen || formation What || lab || value || is || a || good || diagnostic || tool || for || diagnosing/preventing || diabetes? || - || ✔✔Triglycerides Neurotransmitters || have || a || role || in || - || ✔✔hyperglycemia. || when || food || is || in || your || mouth, || insulin || will || start || to || be || produced Why || do || hypovolemia || and || glycosuria || have || an || influence || in || diabetes || - || ✔✔If || there || is || too || much || glucose || in || the || blood, || the || kidneys || will || not || be || able || to || filter || all || of || it || out, || causing || glucose || in || urine || You || end || up || urinating || much || more || when || you || are || experiencing || pre-diabetic/diabetic || symptoms, || causing || you || to || lose || water || (hypovolemia) metabolic || syndrome || - || ✔✔A || syndrome || marked || by || the || presence || of || usually || three || or || more || of || a || group || of || factors || (as || high || blood || pressure, || abdominal || obesity, || high || triglyceride || levels, || low || HDL || levels, || and || high || fasting || levels || of || blood || sugar) || that || are || linked || to || increased || risk || of || cardiovascular || disease || and || Type || 2 || diabetes. Highest || population || at || risk || for || metabolic || syndrome || - || ✔✔People || who || live || a || sedentary || lifestyle || Native || americans || and || hispanics || visceral || abdominal || fat || accumulation
What || anti-diabetic || medication || can || pregnant || women || take? || - || ✔✔Glyburide || because || it || does || not || cross || the || placenta || barrier Why || do || pregnant || women || need || more || insulin? || - || ✔✔Because || the || infant || is || producing || just || as || much || glucose || as || the || mom, || which || more || insulin || is || needed || to || counter || act || it Does || a || type || 2 || diabetic || need || more || or || less || insulin? || - || ✔✔Less || insulin Type || 1 || require || constant || insulin || because || they || produce || zero || insulin || Type || 2 || diabetics || will || take || oral || meds || until || their || bodies || start || to || stop || reacting || to || those What || BMI || is || indicative || of || diabetes || - || ✔✔Above || 25 What || do || catecholamines || do || to || glucose || levels? || - || ✔✔Raise || it || Epi || and || norepinephrine || is || released, || causing || insulin || to || not || bind || to || glucose How || does || stress || affect || glucose || levels? || - || ✔✔Stress || releases || cortisol, || which || promotes || the || creation || of || glucose || and || will || fight || against || insulin Glycogenolysis || - || ✔✔breakdown || of || glycogen || to || glucose GLUT || 1 || - || ✔✔Major || glucose || transporter || at || the || blood || brain || barrier GLUT || 2 || - || ✔✔Primary || glucose || transporter || in || the || liver || and || is || present || install || quantities || in || the || pancreatic || B || cells GLUT-3 || - || ✔✔Glucose || transport || molecules || foe || pancreatic || B || cells
Pre-diabetic || A1C || levels || - || ✔✔5.7-6.4% Diabetic || A1C || - || ✔✔6.4% || or || higher Gestational || diabetes || - || ✔✔Happens || in || response || to || insulin || resistance || secondary || to || the || weight || gain || that || occurs || during || pregnancy || Especially || pregnant || women || deliver || a || baby || over || 9 || pounds How || does || glucagon || function? || - || ✔✔When || alpha || cells || are || excreted || as || a || response || to || glucose || levels || dropping, || the || liver || will || start || to || breakdown || glucagon || into || glucose || into || the || blood || stream Loss || of || fluid || volume || seen || in || DKA || - || ✔✔Hypovolemia Glucose || may || be || oxidized || for || the || energy || needs || of || the || cell || - || ✔✔Glycolysis Insulin || helps || glucose || ____________ || - || ✔✔Go || into || the || cells, || giving || them || energy Portion || of || the || pancreas || that || secretes || insulin || - || ✔✔beta || cells Production || of || glucose || from || amino || acids || and || other || substrates || - || ✔✔gluconeogenesis Insulin || binding || to || its || receptor || on || target || cells || results || in || - || ✔✔increased || facilitated || cellular || diffusion || of || glucose Diabetic || neuropathy || is || thought || to || result || from || - || ✔✔decreased || myoinositol || transport
Approximately || how || many || people || in || the || US || have || diabetes || - || ✔✔34.2 || million In || DKA, || respiratory || compensation || may || occur || through || a || process || of || - || ✔✔respiratory || alkolosis What || dominates || the || fasting || state || - || ✔✔glucagon Neural || regulation || controlled || by || this || nervous || system || - || ✔✔sympathetic || nervous || system During || exercise, || blood || sugar || will || - || ✔✔drops During || stress, || blood || sugar || will || - || ✔✔increase || because || of || corticosteroids When || cells || create || waste, || which || organ || will || most || commonly || be || affected? || - || ✔✔Liver If || there || is || an || accumulation || of || waste || in || cells || and || water || follows || them, || what || happens? || - || ✔✔Cells || will || swell Pathophysiology || includes || all || of || the || follow || elements || except || - || ✔✔Clinical || management Understanding || the || epidemiology || of || a || disease || will || help || with || - || ✔✔prevention Examples || of || factors || influencing || epidemiology || patterns || include || all || of || the || following || except ||
- || ✔✔political || view What || is || a || clinical || sign || of || a || disease || - || ✔✔cough
- || Which || of || the || following || tissues || has || a || limited || capacity || for || replacement || of || damaged || cells? || - || ✔✔Nervous || tissue
- || Hydropic || swelling || is || a || sign || of || cellular || injury || associated || with || - || ✔✔Na+ || K+ || pump || dysfunction Glandular || tissue || normally || responds || to || increased || functional || demand? || - || ✔✔hyperplasia
