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NSG 3450 MENTAL HEALTH 2026
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND
TREATMENT STRATEGIES OUTLINE
◉The relationship of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) is to clinical judgment as Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) is to what? a. client outcomes. b. nursing actions. c. diagnosis. d. symptoms. Answer: b. nursing actions. ◉An adult says, "Most of the time I'm happy and feel good about myself. I have learned that what I get out of something is proportional to the effort I put into it." Which number on this mental health continuum should the nurse select? Mental Illness Mental Health 1 2 3 4 5 a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4 e. 5 Answer: e. 5 ◉Which disorder is an example of a culture-bound syndrome? a. Epilepsy b. Schizophrenia c. Running amok d. Major depressive disorder Answer: c. Running amok ◉What does the DSM-V classify? a. deviant behaviors b. present disability or distress c. people with mental disorders d. mental disorders Answer: d) Mental disorders The DSM-V classifies disorders people have rather than people themselves.
a. Effectiveness in work b. Communication skills c. Productive activities d. Fulfilling relationships Answer: d. Fulfilling relationships ◉Which belief will best support a nurse's efforts to provide client advocacy during a multidisciplinary client care planning session? a. All mental illnesses are culturally determined. b. Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are cross-cultural disorders. c. Symptoms of mental disorders are unchanged from culture to culture. d. Assessment findings in mental illness reflect a person's cultural patterns. Answer: d. Assessment findings in mental illness reflect a person's cultural patterns. ◉A nurse is part of a multidisciplinary team working with groups of depressed clients. One group of clients receives supportive interventions and antidepressant medication. The other group receives only medication. The team measures outcomes for each group. Which type of study is evident? a. Incidence
b. Prevalence c. Comorbidity d. Clinical epidemiology Answer: d. Clinical epidemiology ◉The spouse of a client diagnosed with schizophrenia says, "I don't understand how events from childhood have anything to do with this disabling illness." Which response by the nurse will best help the spouse understand the cause of this disorder? a. "Psychological stress is the basis of most mental disorders." b. "This illness results from developmental factors rather than stress." c. "Research shows that this condition more likely has a biological basis." d. "It must be frustrating for you that your spouse is sick so much of the time." Answer: c. "Research shows that this condition more likely has a biological basis." ◉A category 5 tornado occurred in a community of 400 people. Many homes and businesses were destroyed. In the 2 years following the disaster, 140 individuals were diagnosed with post- traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Which term best applies to these newly diagnosed cases? a. Prevalence b. Comorbidity
does not explore etiology." d. "The DSM-V diagnosis guides medical treatment, whereas the nursing diagnosis offers a framework for identifying interventions for issues a client is experiencing." Answer: d. "The DSM-V diagnosis guides medical treatment, whereas the nursing diagnosis offers a framework for identifying interventions for issues a client is experiencing." ◉Which nursing intervention below is part of the scope of an advanced practice psychiatric/mental health nurse rather than a basic level registered nurse? a. Coordination of care b. Health teaching c. Milieu therapy d. Psychotherapy Answer: d. Psychotherapy ◉An experienced nurse says to a new graduate, "When you've practiced as long as I have, you automatically know how to take care of clients experiencing psychosis." Which factors should the new graduate consider when analyzing this comment? (Select all that apply.)
a. The experienced nurse may have lost sight of clients' individuality, which may compromise the integrity of practice. b. New research findings should be integrated continuously into a nurse's practice to provide the most effective care. c. Experience provides mental health nurses with the essential tools and skills needed for effective professional practice. d. Experienced psychiatric nurses have learned the best ways to care for mentally ill clients through trial and error. e. An intuitive sense of clients' needs guides effective psychiatric nurses. Answer: a. The experienced nurse may have lost sight of clients' individuality, which may compromise the integrity of practice b. New research findings should be integrated continuously into a nurse's practice to provide the most effective care. ◉Which findings are signs of a person who is mentally healthy? (Select all that apply.) a. Says, "I have some weaknesses, but I feel I'm important to my family and friends." b. Adheres strictly to religious beliefs of parents and family of origin.
◉A parent says, "My 2-year-old child refuses toilet training and shouts 'No!' when given directions. What do you think is wrong?" What is the nurse's best reply? a. "Your child needs firmer control. It is important to set limits now." b. "This is normal for your child's age. The child is striving for independence." c. "There may be developmental problems. Most children are toilet trained by age 2." d. "Some undesirable attitudes are developing. A child psychologist can help you develop a plan." Answer: b. "This is normal for your child's age. The child is striving for independence." ◉A nurse wants to find information on current evidence-based research, programs, and practices regarding mental illness and addictions. Which resource should the nurse consult? a. American Psychiatric Association b. American Psychological Association (APA) c. Clinician's Quick Guide to Interpersonal Psychotherapy d. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) Answer: d. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) ◉A 26-month-old displays negative behavior, refuses toilet training, and often says, "No!" Which psychosocial crisis is evident?
a. Trust versus mistrust b. Initiative versus guilt c. Industry versus inferiority d. Autonomy versus shame and doubt Answer: d. Autonomy versus shame and doubt ◉A nurse supports a parent for praising a child who behaves in helpful ways to others. When this child behaves with politeness and helpfulness in adulthood, which feeling will most likely result? a. Guilt b. Anxiety c. Humility d. Self-esteem Answer: d. self-esteem ◉An adult says, "I never know the answers," and "My opinion does not count." Which psychosocial crisis was unsuccessfully resolved for this adult? a. Initiative versus guilt b. Trust versus mistrust c. Autonomy versus shame and doubt
d. Genital Answer: a. Oral ◉A client expresses a desire to be cared for by others and often behaves in a helpless fashion. Which stage of psychosexual development is most relevant to the client's needs? a. Latency b. Phallic c. Anal d. Oral Answer: d. Oral ◉A nurse listens to a group of recent retirees. One says, "I volunteer with Meals on Wheels, coach teen sports, and do church visitation." Another laughs and says, "I'm too busy taking care of myself to volunteer to help others." Which psychosocial developmental task do these statements contrast? a. Trust and mistrust b. Intimacy and isolation c. Industry and inferiority d. Generativity and self-absorption Answer: d. Generativity and self- absorption
◉An adult dies in a tragic accident. Afterward, the siblings plan a funeral service. Which statement by a sibling best indicates a sense of self-actualization? a. "Of all of us, I am the most experienced with planning these types of events." b. "Funerals are supposed to be conducted quietly, respectfully, and according to a social protocol." c. "This death was unfair, but I hope we can plan a service that everyone feels is a celebration of life." d. "This death was probably the consequence of years of selfish and inconsiderate behavior by our sibling." Answer: c. "This death was unfair, but I hope we can plan a service that everyone feels is a celebration of life." ◉A student nurse says, "I don't need to interact with my clients. I learn what I need to know by observation." An instructor can best interpret the nursing implications of Sullivan's theory to this student by providing what response? a. "Interactions are required in order to help you develop therapeutic communication skills." b. "Nurses cannot be isolated. We must interact to provide clients with opportunities to practice interpersonal skills."
c. Reluctance to participate in unit social activities. d. Being unaware of medication action and side effects. Answer: a. Refusal to eat or bathe. ◉Operant conditioning is part of the treatment plan to encourage speech in a child who is nearly mute. Which technique applies? a. Encourage the child to observe others talking. b. Include the child in small group activities. c. Give the child a small treat for speaking. d. Teach the child relaxation techniques. Answer: c. Give the child a small treat for speaking. ◉The parent of a child diagnosed with schizophrenia tearfully asks the nurse, "What could I have done differently to prevent this illness?" What is the nurse's best response? a. "Although schizophrenia results from impaired family relationships, try not to feel guilty. No one can predict how a child will respond to parental guidance." b. "Schizophrenia is a biological illness resulting from changes in how the brain and nervous system function. You are not to blame for your child's illness." c. "There is still hope. Changing your parenting style can help your child learn to cope
effectively with the environment." d. "Most mental illnesses result from genetic inheritance. Your genes are more at fault than your parenting." Answer: b. "Schizophrenia is a biological illness resulting from changes in how the brain and nervous system function. You are not to blame for your child's illness." ◉A nurse influenced by Peplau's interpersonal theory works with an anxious, withdrawn client. What principle will the interventions be focused on? a. Rewarding desired behaviors. b. Using assertive communication. c. Changing the client's self-concept. d. Administering medications to relieve anxiety. Answer: b. Using assertive communication ◉A client participated in psychotherapy weekly for 5 months. The therapist used free association, dream analysis, and facilitated transference to help the client understand conflicts and foster change. What is the term that applies to this method? a. Rational-emotive behavior therapy b. Psychodynamic psychotherapy
◉A person says, "I was the only survivor in a small plane crash. Three business associates died. I got depressed and saw a counselor twice a week for 4 weeks. We talked about my feelings related to being a survivor, and I'm better now." Which type of therapy was used? a. Systematic desensitization b. Psychoanalysis c. Behavior modification d. Interpersonal psychotherapy Answer: d. Interpersonal psychotherapy ◉Which technique is most applicable to aversion therapy? a. Punishment b. Desensitization c. Role modeling d. Positive reinforcement Answer: a. punishment ◉A client says to the nurse, "My father has been dead for over 10 years but talking to you is almost as comforting as the talks he and I had when I was a child." Which term applies to the client's comment?
a. Superego b. Transference c. Reality testing d. Countertransference Answer: b. Transference ◉A college student received an invitation to attend the wedding of a close friend who lives across the country. The student is afraid of flying. Which type of therapy would be most helpful for this client? a. Psychoanalysis b. Aversion therapy c. Systematic desensitization d. Short-term dynamic therapy Answer: c. Systematic desensitization ◉A client repeatedly stated, "I'm stupid." Which statement by that client would show progress resulting from cognitive-behavioral therapy? a. "Sometimes I do stupid things." b. "Things always go wrong for me." c. "I always fail when I try new things." d. "I'm disappointed in my lack of ability." Answer: a. "Sometimes I do stupid things."
