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NSG 3600 Exam 1 Pediatric Nursing Galen College Of
Nursing Questions With Complete Answers
Turned head toward sounds - ANSWER 2 months Begins to follow things with eyes - ANSWER 2 months Tummy time - ANSWER 2 months Copies facial movements like smiling or frowning - ANSWER 4 months Begins to pass things from one hand to the other - ANSWER 4 months Cries in different ways to show hunger, pain, or being tired - ANSWER 4 months Reaches for you with one hand - ANSWER 4 months Holds head stead, unsupported - ANSWER 4 months Brings hands to mouth - ANSWER 4 months When on stomach, pushes up to elbows - ANSWER 4 months Likes to look at self in mirror - ANSWER 6 months Responds to name - ANSWER 6 months
Begins to pass things from one hand to the other - ANSWER 6 months Rolls over in both directions (front to back, back to front) - ANSWER 6 months rocks back and forth - ANSWER 6 months Sits without support - ANSWER 6 months afraid of strangers - ANSWER 9 months clingy with familiar adults - ANSWER 9 months Understands "no" - ANSWER 9 months Makes sounds like "mama", "baba", "dada" - ANSWER 9 months Uses finger to point at things - ANSWER 9 months Looks for things that are hidden (object permanence) - ANSWER 9 months Pulls to stand - ANSWER 9 months Crawls - ANSWER 9 months Moves things from one hand to the other - ANSWER 9 months
walks up steps - ANSWER 18 months Gets excited when with other children - ANSWER 2 years Shows defiant behavior (doing what he has been told not to) - ANSWER 2 years Says sentences with 2 to 4 words - ANSWER 2 years Begins to sort shapes and colors - ANSWER 2 years Plays make-believe games - ANSWER 2 year old stands on tiptoes - ANSWER 2 years Kicks ball - ANSWER 2 years Can state name, age, and sex - ANSWER 3 year old Can work button and levers on toys - ANSWER 3 years old Plays make-believe with dolls, animals, and people - ANSWER 3 years copies a circle - ANSWER 3 years Turns book pages one at a time - ANSWER 3 years
Screws and unscrews jar lids or turns door handle - ANSWER 3 years pedals tricycle - ANSWER 3 years Would rather play with other children than by himself - ANSWER 4 years Often can't tell what's real and make believe - ANSWER 4 years old Talks about what she likes and what she is interested in - ANSWER 4 years Sings a song or says a poem from memory such as the "Itsy Bitsy Spider" or the "Wheels on the Bus" - ANSWER 4 years Names some colors and some numbers - ANSWER 4 years Understands the idea of counting - ANSWER 4 years Starts to understand time - ANSWER 4 years Remembers part of a story - ANSWER 4 years old Understands the idea of "same" and "different" - ANSWER 4 years Draws a person with 2 to 4 body parts - ANSWER 4 years Uses scissors - ANSWER 4 years
2 months 4 months 6 months 18 months 4-6 yo Rotavirus vaccine schedule - ANSWER 2 months 4 months Hib vaccine schedule - ANSWER 2 months 4 months 12-15 months Tdap vaccine - ANSWER 11-12 years Pneumococcal vaccine - ANSWER 2 months 4 months 6 months 12-15 months IPV - ANSWER 2 months 4 months 6-18 months 4-6 years Influenza vaccine - ANSWER Annually for over 6 months old
MMR vaccine - ANSWER 12-15 months 4-6 years Varicella - ANSWER 12-15 months 4-6 years Hepatitis A vaccine - ANSWER 2 doses 12-23 months HPV vaccine - ANSWER 12-18 years Meningococcal vaccine - ANSWER 11-12 years old Booster at 16 family centered care - ANSWER - is a philosophy of care that recognizes the family as the constant in the child's life and holds that systems and personnel must support, -- respect, encourage, and enhance the strengths and competence of the family atraumatic care - ANSWER - therapeutic care that minimizes or eliminates the psychological and - physical distress experienced by children and their families in the health care system growth - ANSWER - increase in number and size of cells
- physiological size development - ANSWER - advancement from lower to more advanced stage of complexity ongoing process
Freud Oral Stage - ANSWER Birth - 1 year
- oral curiosity (pacifiers, thumbs) Freud Anal Stage - ANSWER 1 year - 3 years
- potty training Freud Phallic Stage - ANSWER 3-6 years
- difference in genders noticed Freud latency stage - ANSWER 6-12 years
- focus on other aspects of growth Freud Genital stage - ANSWER 12-18 years
- puberty, dating Erickson: Trust v. Mistrust - ANSWER Birth - 1 year
- recognize that there are people that will meet their basic needs Erickson: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - ANSWER 1-3 years
- balance independence and self-sufficiency against sense of uncertainty Erickson: Initiative vs Guilt - ANSWER 3-6 years
- develop resourcefulness to achieve and learn new things without receiving self- reproach
Erickson: Industry vs. Inferiority - ANSWER 6-12 years
- develop a sense of confidence through mastery of task
- can be hindered by a sense of inadequacy or inferiority Erickson: Identity vs. Role Confusion - ANSWER 12-18 years
- acquiring a clear sense of self and purpose Piaget: Sensorimotor Stage - ANSWER Birth to Age 2
- primary means of cognition is through senses Piaget Preoperational Stage - ANSWER 2-7 years
- takes into account the development of motor skills
- divided into preconceptual and intuitive Piaget Concrete Operational Stage - ANSWER 7-11 years
- able to organize thoughts into a logical order Piaget: Formal Operational - ANSWER 11-15 years
- uses abstract thinking to handle difficult concepts and can analyze both sides of an issue Breast milk or formula - ANSWER birth - 1 year introduce solid foods - ANSWER 4-6 months encourage self-feeding and finger foods - ANSWER infants
distract with music, bubbles, counting, singing, parents present, medical play/participation, tell what see/hear/feel, praise and reward will post-procedure pain management for school age - ANSWER treatment room with minimal noise, distract with deep breathing, trivia, talking, holding hands, parental presence, explanation in simple terms, allow play with equipment, allow participation, praise and reward, evaluate procedure and make suggestions for next time pain management for teenagers - ANSWER treatment room with minimal noise, distract with imagery, tablet, talking, deep breathing, talking, jokes, ask patient permission for parental involvement, allow participation, explain procedures, give choices, praise and reward, evaluate procedure and make suggestions for next time acute pain treatment - ANSWER occurs 24-48 hours after trauma or surgery, is initially experienced as severe pain but gradually subsidesānarcotics will not relieve all pain so also use comfort measures chronic pain treatment - ANSWER pain lasting >3 months, may cause anorexia, weight loss, changes in sleep, guarded movement, rigid facial expression, decreased happiness, fear of reinjuryāpain relief measures vary by child mild pain treatment - ANSWER NSAID (Ibuprofen); Non-opioid analgesic (acetaminophen), comfort measures, distraction moderate pain treatment - ANSWER Distraction, regularly times analgesics including milder Opioids combined with acetaminophen severe pain treatment - ANSWER Produces signs such as pallor, sweating, dilated pupils, increased BP and RR, muscle tension Give strong analgesics like morphine Reaction to Hospitalization: infant - ANSWER Separation and stranger anxiety
Communicate with parents Hold/cuddle/swaddle Reaction to Hospitalization: toddler - ANSWER Separation anxiety Regression Tantrums Reaction to Hospitalization: Preschooler - ANSWER Views hospitalization as punishment Simple explanation and choices Encourage child to ask questions Reactions to Hospitalization: School age - ANSWER Questions identity Increased need for attention Regression Fears bodily mutilation Simple explanations and choices Respect privacy Encourage verbalization of fears Alleviate fears about changes in body image when possible) Reactions to Hospitalization: Adolescent - ANSWER Body image concerns Loss of independence, Separation from peers, Decreased socialization: encourage peer visits, use of teen room Be honest, explain in understandable terms, allow questions/ verbalization of fears/ choices Respect privacy
Adolescent Play - ANSWER cooperative play
- team sports, video/computer games, card or board games, art, concerts, "hanging out", social events with friends Common Infant injuries - ANSWER head injury, fracture from falls, burns from sun/stove/cigarette/water/outlets, mva/improperly installed car seat, choking, suffocation by cord/string Injury prevention: Infants - ANSWER child proofing house, smoke and carbon monoxide detectors, fire extinguisher, safety locks, recommended crib model, properly installed car seat, warming bottles, keep hot food and liquids away from baby, close supervision, no walkers, caution with powder and lotion, no long cords or removable parts on toys, safety gates/latches, test water temp (<120ā°F) Common Injuries: Toddler - ANSWER head injury, fracture, sprain from falls, mva, drowning, poisoning, burns from sun/stove/cigarette/water/outlets Injury Prevention: Toddlers - ANSWER constant supervision, kitchen and bathroom off limits, turn pot handles on stove, hot items out of reach, toxic chemicals put away, refrigerator/attic/ basement locked or sealed, fenced in yard Common Injuries: Preschooler - ANSWER head injury, fracture, sprain from falls, mva, poisoning, firearms, burns from sun/stove/cigarette/ water/outlets Injury Prevention: Preschooler - ANSWER teach about stranger danger and inappropriate touching (could be known person), fire safety, check playground for unsafe objects, wear helmet Common Injuries: School Age - ANSWER head injury, fracture, sprain from falls, being struck by another person or object, animal or insect bites, overexertion
Injury Prevention: School Age - ANSWER keep car doors locked, buddy system, safe touch, keep poison center phone number handy Common Injuries: Adolescent - ANSWER being struck by another person or object, sports injuries, overexertion, MVA Injury Prevention: Adolescents - ANSWER alcohol, tobacco, and drug education, safe driving, seatbelts, safety equipment for sports) Immunizations: 2 Months DR Harry HIP - ANSWER DTap Rotavirus Hep B Hib IPV Pneumococcal Immunizations: 4 months DR HIP - ANSWER DTaP Rotavirus Hib IPV Pneumococcal Immunizations: 6 months DR Harry HIP - ANSWER DTaP Rotavirus
Varicella Etiology: - ANSWER varicella zoster virus Varicella Clinical Manifestations: - ANSWER rash on trunk and face, lesions begin as macule and progress to vesicle then crust, pruritic Varicella Isolation: - ANSWER contact & airborne precautions Varicella Nursing care: - ANSWER Supportive (anti-pruritic lotions, baths, antihistamines) Oral acyclovir to shorten duration No aspirin Rubella Etiology - ANSWER rubeola virus, Rubella Clinical Manfestations - ANSWER sore throat, lymphadenopathy, mild fever, fine light pink maculopapular rash face to chest to body Rubella Isolation - ANSWER droplet and contact Rubella Nursing Care - ANSWER Supportive care (antipyretics) Educate on isolation while active (1 week after rash starts) Rubeola Etiology - ANSWER caused by morbillivirus Rubeola Clinical Manifestations - ANSWER moderate fever, cough, conjunctivitis, photophobia, Koplick's spots appear 2 days before rash, rash 3-4 days, fever to 105 ā°, rash fades and temperature drops 4-7 days Rubeola Isolation - ANSWER airborne and contact Rubeola Nursing care - ANSWER supportive (antipyretics, bedrest, fluids)
Haemophilus Influenza Type B Etiology - ANSWER Haemophilus influenza type b bacteria Haemophilus Influenza Type B Clinical Manifestations - ANSWER upper respiratory infection, OM, sinusitis Haemophilus Influenza Type B Isolation - ANSWER droplet and contact Haemophilus Influenza Type B Nursing Care - ANSWER antibiotic as prescribed Influenza Etiology - ANSWER influenza virus A, B, or C, Influenza Clinical Manifestations - ANSWER rapid onset of high fever, myalgia, headache, sore throat, nonproductive cough Influenza Isolation - ANSWER droplet and contact Influenza Nursing care - ANSWER Supportive (antipyretics, bedrest), Isolated until sx subside, No aspirin Mumps Etiology - ANSWER paramyxovirus Mumps Clinical Manifestations - ANSWER mild and systemic-low-grade fever, malaise, anorexia, ear pain, headache, parotid glands enlarge Mumps Isolation - ANSWER droplet and contact
