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NSG 3800 EXAM 4 (GALEN) NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL
EXAM| NURSING PRACTICE - ADULT HEALTH II
EXAM 4 REVIEW WITH 3 00 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS/ ALREADY
GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW!!)
What is the primary transmission route of Hepatitis A? - ANSWER - Fecal-oral route (contaminated food or water). Which hepatitis types have vaccines available? - ANSWER - Hepatitis A and B. What lab finding is associated with cirrhosis and ascites? - ANSWER - Low serum albumin due to decreased protein synthesis. What hormone is deficient in hypothyroidism? - ANSWER - Thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Which antibody is associated with lupus (SLE)? - ANSWER - Positive ANA (antinuclear antibody). What is the hallmark sign of Hodgkin lymphoma? - ANSWER - Presence of Reed-Sternberg cells.
Which protein is found in urine in multiple myeloma? - ANSWER - Bence-Jones protein. Which dietary change is needed for hyperparathyroidism? - ANSWER - Avoid high-calcium foods; encourage fluids and mobility. A client with acute cholecystitis reports RUQ pain radiating to the shoulder after eating. What is the likely cause? - ANSWER - Gallbladder inflammation triggered by fatty food intake. A client develops tetany after thyroidectomy. What is the cause? - ANSWER - Hypocalcemia from possible parathyroid removal. A client with cirrhosis develops confusion and asterixis. What lab finding explains this? - ANSWER - Elevated serum ammonia levels causing hepatic encephalopathy. A client with SLE presents with pericarditis and proteinuria. What does this indicate? - ANSWER - Systemic involvement of lupus affecting heart and kidneys. A client receiving chemotherapy is neutropenic. Which precaution is most important? - ANSWER - Protective isolation: no fresh fruit, flowers, or sick visitors.
Caring for a patient diagnosed with adrenocortical deficiency (Addison's disease). about a new prescription for hydrocortisone which is an adverse effect to the medication? - ANSWER - immunosuppression Assessing a client who is 4 hours postoperative from a thyroidectomy and is demonstrating spasms of the arm when bp is taken the nurse should prepare to immediately administer iv - ANSWER - calcium gluconate The nurse is admitting a client who is at risk for myxedema coma. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include as a priority in the clients care plan - ANSWER - Avoid the use of hypnotic and sedative medications The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chemo which of the following nursing interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care - ANSWER - monitor white blood cell count daily Caring for a client who has been diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). client is scheduled to start induction therapy the nurse should teach what - ANSWER - neutropenic precautions The nurse is assessing fluid and electrolyte laboratory values for a client diagnosed with wasting syndrome due to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) which lab value would the nurse report immediately - ANSWER - K level of 2.
The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with Rheumatoid arthritis and has rheumatoid nodules in both elbows which of the following actions should the nurse take - ANSWER - assess the nodules for skin break down or infection The nurse is assessing a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus which of the following findings should the nurse expect to observe if the client is having an exacerbation - ANSWER - worsening discoid rash on the skin and inflamed oral lesions The nurse manager is providing education on pneumocystis Jirovec pneumonia to nursing staff. Which of the following statements by a staff member indicates a correct understanding pf this topic - ANSWER - the lab value most characteristic of this infection is hypoxemia the nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia. which of the following findings should the nurse expect to see in the client - ANSWER - cranial nerves palsies severe headache and vomiting due to a meningeal involvement the nurse is preparing a client who has chronic myeloid leukemia for continued treatment at home which of the following is best for the nurse the emphasize to the client's family - ANSWER - adhere to follow up medical appointments
should the nurse include in the teaching - ANSWER - exercising for 30 minutes 5 times a week the nurse is talking with a client who has rheumatoid arthritis the client tells the nurse that they are having difficulty taking their meds due to childproof medication lids. which of the following nursing actions best facilitate the client adheres to the mediation regimen - ANSWER - recommend a referral for occupational therapy for assistive devices the nurse working in the ED is triaging a client who is suspected of reactivation of tb, which of the following actions should the nurse take next - ANSWER - obtain sputum specimens and monitor temperature What is a rare complication of hypothyroidism? - ANSWER - Myxedema coma (hypothermic and unconscious) When can myxedema coma occur? - ANSWER - Undiagnosed hypothyroidism, infection, use of sedatives or opioid analgesics, forgetting to take Synthroid HYPOTHYROIDISM: what are interventions for impaired breathing? - ANSWER - - encouraged TCDB + incentive spirometer
- verify any hypnotic or sedative orders with MD until euthyroid state achieved
- maintain patent airway What is the medical management of myxedema coma? - ANSWER - 1. thyroid replacement
- IV thyroid replacement (thyroxine) with extreme caution to prevent cardiac events
- thyroid replacement (for maintenance) What are S/S of thyroid storm r/t hyperthyroidism? - ANSWER - - fever
- pulse >130bpm
- chest pain, palpitations, dyspnea
- wt loss
- diarrhea, abd pain
- altered mental state (delirium, psychosis, somnolence, coma) What is the medical management of thyroid storm? - ANSWER - 1. hypothermia blanket
- humidified oxygen
- IV fluids with dextrose (bc sugar and O2 are being burned up so fast that they need more)
- antithyroid (PTU/PROPYLTHIOURACIL) or antithyroid (METHIMAZOLE/PROPYLTHIOURACIL)
- hydrocortisone for shock
- central IV catheter recommended What is the self-protection needed when handling chemo? - ANSWER -
- double layer powder-free gloves designed for chemo
- long-sleeve disposable gown made of polyethylene How do you handle linens contaminated with chemo? - ANSWER - Closed system puncture and leak proof containers labeled "hazardous: chemo" What is an autoimmune disorder? - ANSWER - D/o where antibodies or lymphocytes intended to fight pathogens will fight healthy cells present in the body What is the purpose of a bone marrow biopsy? - ANSWER - - assess quality, quantity and formation of blood cells
- may also detect malignancy, infection
- usually in iliac crest if not in sternum
- feels pain followed by pressure Q39: A client with Cushing’s syndrome reports easy bruising and purple striae. What is the cause? - ANSWER - Excess cortisol leading to protein breakdown and skin fragility.
A patient with HIV has white plaques in the mouth that bleed when scraped. What is this? - ANSWER - Oral candidiasis (thrush), a common opportunistic infection. Which electrolyte imbalance is common in Addison’s disease? - ANSWER - Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. Q32: A nurse notes tremors, weight loss, and exophthalmos in a patient. Which disorder is suspected? - ANSWER - Hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease). Q33: A client with Addison’s disease is admitted with severe hypotension. What is the priority action? - ANSWER - Administer IV corticosteroids and fluids to treat Addisonian crisis. Q41: What is the primary transmission route of Hepatitis A? - ANSWER
- Fecal-oral route (contaminated food or water). Q42: Which hepatitis types have vaccines available? - ANSWER - Hepatitis A and B. Q43: What lab finding is associated with cirrhosis and ascites? - ANSWER - Low serum albumin due to decreased protein synthesis.
Q52: A nurse notes tremors, weight loss, and exophthalmos in a patient. Which disorder is suspected? - ANSWER - Hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease). Q53: A client with Addison’s disease is admitted with severe hypotension. What is the priority action? - ANSWER - Administer IV corticosteroids and fluids to treat Addisonian crisis. Q54: A client develops tetany after thyroidectomy. What is the cause? - ANSWER - Hypocalcemia from possible parathyroid removal. Q55: A client with cirrhosis develops confusion and asterixis. What lab finding explains this? - ANSWER - Elevated serum ammonia levels causing hepatic encephalopathy. Q56: A client with SLE presents with pericarditis and proteinuria. What does this indicate? - ANSWER - Systemic involvement of lupus affecting heart and kidneys. Q57: A client receiving chemotherapy is neutropenic. Which precaution is most important? - ANSWER - Protective isolation: no fresh fruit, flowers, or sick visitors.
Q58: A client with non-Hodgkin lymphoma is at risk for tumor lysis syndrome. Which lab is expected? - ANSWER - Hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperuricemia. Q59: A client with Cushing’s syndrome reports easy bruising and purple striae. What is the cause? - ANSWER - Excess cortisol leading to protein breakdown and skin fragility. Q60: A patient with HIV has white plaques in the mouth that bleed when scraped. What is this? - ANSWER - Oral candidiasis (thrush), a common opportunistic infection. Q61: What is the primary transmission route of Hepatitis A? - ANSWER
- Fecal-oral route (contaminated food or water). Q62: Which hepatitis types have vaccines available? - ANSWER - Hepatitis A and B. Q63: What lab finding is associated with cirrhosis and ascites? - ANSWER - Low serum albumin due to decreased protein synthesis. Q64: Which electrolyte imbalance is common in Addison’s disease?
- ANSWER - Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia.
Q73: A client with Addison’s disease is admitted with severe hypotension. What is the priority action? - ANSWER - Administer IV corticosteroids and fluids to treat Addisonian crisis. Q74: A client develops tetany after thyroidectomy. What is the cause? - ANSWER - Hypocalcemia from possible parathyroid removal. Q75: A client with cirrhosis develops confusion and asterixis. What lab finding explains this? - ANSWER - Elevated serum ammonia levels causing hepatic encephalopathy. Q76: A client with SLE presents with pericarditis and proteinuria. What does this indicate? - ANSWER - Systemic involvement of lupus affecting heart and kidneys. Q77: A client receiving chemotherapy is neutropenic. Which precaution is most important? - ANSWER - Protective isolation: no fresh fruit, flowers, or sick visitors. Q78: A client with non-Hodgkin lymphoma is at risk for tumor lysis syndrome. Which lab is expected? - ANSWER - Hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperuricemia.
Q79: A client with Cushing’s syndrome reports easy bruising and purple striae. What is the cause? - ANSWER - Excess cortisol leading to protein breakdown and skin fragility. Q80: A patient with HIV has white plaques in the mouth that bleed when scraped. What is this? - ANSWER - Oral candidiasis (thrush), a common opportunistic infection. Q81: What is the primary transmission route of Hepatitis A? - ANSWER
- Fecal-oral route (contaminated food or water). Q82: Which hepatitis types have vaccines available? - ANSWER - Hepatitis A and B. Q83: What lab finding is associated with cirrhosis and ascites? - ANSWER - Low serum albumin due to decreased protein synthesis. Q84: Which electrolyte imbalance is common in Addison’s disease?
- ANSWER - Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. Q85: What hormone is deficient in hypothyroidism? - ANSWER - Thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Q86: Which antibody is associated with lupus (SLE)? - ANSWER - Positive ANA (antinuclear antibody).
Q94: A client develops tetany after thyroidectomy. What is the cause? - ANSWER - Hypocalcemia from possible parathyroid removal. Q95: A client with cirrhosis develops confusion and asterixis. What lab finding explains this? - ANSWER - Elevated serum ammonia levels causing hepatic encephalopathy. Q96: A client with SLE presents with pericarditis and proteinuria. What does this indicate? - ANSWER - Systemic involvement of lupus affecting heart and kidneys. Q97: A client receiving chemotherapy is neutropenic. Which precaution is most important? - ANSWER - Protective isolation: no fresh fruit, flowers, or sick visitors. Q98: A client with non-Hodgkin lymphoma is at risk for tumor lysis syndrome. Which lab is expected? - ANSWER - Hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperuricemia. Q99: A client with Cushing’s syndrome reports easy bruising and purple striae. What is the cause? - ANSWER - Excess cortisol leading to protein breakdown and skin fragility. Q100: A patient with HIV has white plaques in the mouth that bleed when scraped. What is this? - ANSWER - Oral candidiasis (thrush), a common opportunistic infection.
Q1: What is the primary transmission route of Hepatitis A? - ANSWER - Fecal-oral route (contaminated food or water). Q2: Which hepatitis types have vaccines available? - ANSWER - Hepatitis A and B. Q3: What lab finding is associated with cirrhosis and ascites? - ANSWER - Low serum albumin due to decreased protein synthesis. Q4: Which electrolyte imbalance is common in Addison’s disease? - ANSWER - Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. Q5: What hormone is deficient in hypothyroidism? - ANSWER - Thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Q6: Which antibody is associated with lupus (SLE)? - ANSWER - Positive ANA (antinuclear antibody). Q7: What is the hallmark sign of Hodgkin lymphoma? - ANSWER - Presence of Reed-Sternberg cells. Q8: Which protein is found in urine in multiple myeloma? - ANSWER - Bence-Jones protein.
