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NU 250 Final Exam With
Complete Solution
What are five characteristics that distinguish emerging adulthood from other age periods? a. It is the age of identity explorations, instability, being self-focused, feeling in-between, and possibilities. b. It is the age of stability, being other-focused, identity diffusion, feeling in-between, and stagnation. c. It is the age of identity moratorium, stability, feeling marginalized, being self-focused, and developing a global worldview. d. It is the age of instability, being other-focused, identity foreclosure, feeling marginalized, and possibilities. - ANSWER A Emerging adults who live in __________ would emphasize becoming capable of supporting parents financially as among the most important criteria for becoming an adult. a) Canada b) China c) the United States d) France - ANSWER B Which of the following is among the top criteria for adulthood among emerging adults in the United States?
a) getting married b) having a child c) being financially independent d) moving out of the house - ANSWER C Which of the following statements about emerging adults' health is true? a) Most emerging adults experience an increased susceptibility to physical illness due to the increased stressors associated with this developmental period. b) For most sports, the peak age of performance comes during late adolescence, and athletic abilities begin to decline in the early 20s. c) During emerging adulthood the immune system is weak. d) The heart is strong during emerging adulthood and reaction time is faster than at any other time of life. - ANSWER D Which of the following statements about sleep debt is true? a) Sleep debt has a positive impact on emotional functioning, but a negative impact on cognitive functioning. b) College students generally do not accumulate sleep debt. c) Sleep debt has negative consequences for both cognitive and emotional functioning. d) Sleep debt has a positive impact on cognitive functioning, but a negative effect on emotional functioning. - ANSWER C Waking up at the same time each day, limiting caffeine intake, and turning
participation in a number of risk behaviors, as well as higher well-being b) few are categorized as agnostic or atheist c) White emerging adults are more likely than African Americans to cope with stress by relying on their religious beliefs d) most Americans in this developmental period attend religious services at least once a month - ANSWER A The relation between unstructured socializing and deviance applies to __________. a) adolescents and emerging adults more than to people in other life stages b) substance abuse, but not other types of risk behavior c) only those in developed countries d) only those from European-American backgrounds - ANSWER A Among emerging adults who face unusually difficult circumstances, such as abusive families, poverty, or a history of adolescent delinquency, it is notable that many manage to adapt and function well. This is called __________. a) GDL b) social control c) protective factors d) resilience - ANSWER D Which of the following is a protective factor identified in resilience research in childhood, adolescence, and emerging adulthood?
a) having a mentor b) being male c) having a minimum of three caring adults d) attending a private school - ANSWER A Tertiary education in the United States is mainly paid for by __________, whereas in other developed countries it is paid for by __________. a. students and their parents; the government b. the government; students and their parents c. students and their parents; corporate endowments d. corporate endowments; students and their parents - ANSWER A What is the main reason it takes much longer to complete an undergraduate degree now compared to a few decades ago? a) Students are not academically prepared for university training and must take remedial coursework. b) Financial demands require that many students also work, which increases the time to complete the degree. c) Students lack focus and change their majors quite a few times, which adds time on to their academic programs. d) More students transfer to different institutions that do not accept all of their previous credits. - ANSWER B Which of the following statements about online learning is true?
a) 3 b) 5 c) 8 d) 13 - ANSWER C What factor affects self-esteem in a positive way in emerging adulthood? a) Most people have passed through the awkward changes of puberty and may be more comfortable with how they look. b) Peers and friends are no longer important. c) Young adults stop wanting their parents' approval. d) Scholastic competence no longer has any relevance. - ANSWER A
When do many of the most important steps in identity development take place? a. middle childhood b. adolescence c. emerging adulthood d. young adulthood - ANSWER C
Due to increased globalization, more young people around the world now have one part of their identity rooted in their local culture while another part stems from an awareness of their relation to the global culture. What do
scholars call this type of identity? a. multicultural identity b. bicultural identity c. hybrid identity d. blended identity - ANSWER B
Which of the following ethnic identity statuses is reflected in the idea of the American "melting pot"? a) biculturalism b) separation c) assimilation d) marginality - ANSWER C
Joe believes that females cannot be pilots and opposes the military's use of women in combat. It is his belief that females are not strong enough, emotionally and physically, to perform the duties that are required to fly fighter jets. Joe's belief that women are weak is __________. a. a stereotype b. a form of discrimination c. a negative behavior d. an unconscious association - ANSWER A
Scholars suggest that leaving home leads young people to __________. a. appreciate their parents less b. appreciate their parents more c. embrace their new-found independence d. want to come back home - ANSWER B
In the course of the 20s, time spent in leisure activities with friends __________. a) declines steadily b) declines for women, but not for men c) increases slightly d) stays at about the same level as during adolescence - ANSWER A
A key part of emerging adulthood involves moving away from one's family. According to the text, which of the following are three ways in which emerging adults move away from the family? a. geographically, socially, and emotionally b. cognitively, socially, and behaviorally c. emotionally, physically, and geographically d. physiologically, geographically, and spiritually - ANSWER A
Which of the following statements best illustrates the process of "recentering" in emerging adulthood as defined by Jennifer Tanner? a) There is a move from adolescent ego centrism to an inner self-focus during emerging adulthood. b) The center of emotional life is transferred from the original family to a long-term romantic partner. c) During infancy the center of development is located within an individual's genotype, but as time passes, environment plays a larger role, therefore moving the center of development. d) The center for physical development is located in the nucleus of all cells; however, cancer cells infiltrate and modify the nuclei of healthy cells, transferring the location of cellular development. - ANSWER B
Based on current research, which of the following statements about media use in emerging adulthood is true? a) In all countries, internet use is higher among adolescents than among emerging adults because increased responsibilities among emerging adults reduce time they can spend online. b) Social-networking profiles are often a way for individuals to express their identity. c) Most emerging adults prefer face-to-face interactions to social contact via the internet, and therefore the use of social networking has decreased in the past few years as the novelty has worn off.
During young adulthood, rigidity gradually develops in the tendons and muscles of the lungs, chest, and ribs, which leads to a decrease in __________. a. vital capacity b. chest size c. blood pressure d. the ability to breathe - ANSWER A
Which of the following statements regarding physical changes during young adulthood is true? a) Individuals with darker skin tones show skin aging earlier than their counterparts with fair skin. b) The immune system increases its production of T cells and B cells. c) The heart muscle starts to become more rigid. d) There is an increase in vital capacity. - ANSWER C
The countries with the highest obesity rates are __________. a) the wealthiest countries b) the poorest countries c) Asian countries d) traditional cultures - ANSWER A
Based on a longitudinal study, the National Study of Adolescent Health, rates of obesity in young adulthood were highest among __________. a) African American men b) African American women c) European American men d) Asian men - ANSWER B
Amity is an adult with a BMI of 27. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, she would be classified as __________. a) average weight b) underweight c) overweight d) obese - ANSWER C
Regular exercise in young adulthood reduces the risk of a variety of illnesses and diseases in middle adulthood, including __________. a. farsightedness, diabetes, and jaundice b. diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and several types of cancer c. nearsightedness, hemophilia, and dementia d. eczema, psoriasis, and various allergies - ANSWER B
b) correlates positively with later income, but not other measures of success c) is a powerful predictor of income and occupational status in adulthood d) has not been studied as a predictor of later adulthood outcomes because that would be considered unethical - ANSWER C
In both Asian and African cultures, a common theme of conceptions of intelligence is that __________. a) it is based on educational level b) it can only be achieved by those with high SES c) it includes social elements d) it is not achieved until late adulthood - ANSWER C
According to scholars, it takes about __________ of study or practice in most fields to attain expertise. a) 5 years b) 10 years c) 20 years d) 30 years - ANSWER B
Which of the following statements about expertise is true? a) According to most researchers in the field, it takes about 25 years of study
and practice in most fields to attain expertise. b) The maturity of the frontal cortex in young adulthood reflects cognitive changes that underlie expertise. c) Expertise tends to decline after young adulthood. d) Expertise is defined in terms of knowledge base, rather than problem solving, because it is difficult to measure problem-solving skills. - ANSWER B
Gaining __________ allows an individual to solve problems, whereas __________ allows an individual to find problems to solve. a. a hypothesis; speculation b. speculation; a hypothesis c. creativity; expertise d. expertise; creativity - ANSWER D
Which of the following, when combined with expertise, is most likely to contribute to creativity? a) proficiency in computer skills b) proficiency in math c) tolerance for ambiguity d) exceptional visual-spatial skills - ANSWER C
c) compassionate d) consummate - ANSWER D
There is a steady decline in marital satisfaction in the first few years, followed by a __________. a. plateau and then another decline after 9 or 10 years of marriage b. plateau and then a steady increase after the fifth year of marriage c. steady increase for the remainder of the marriage d. steady increase until year 10, then a steady decline - ANSWER A
Which of the following statements regarding young Americans' beliefs about marriage is true? a) Young Americans believe less strongly in marriage than young people in most other Western countries. b) Young Americans believe that couples should stay together, even if they are unhappy. c) Young Americans believe more strongly in marriage than young people in most other Western countries. d) Young Americans believe that people should not marry until they are 30 years old or older. - ANSWER C
In the United States, which of the following is the strongest risk factor for divorce? a) length of marriage (higher risk with longer marriage) b) educational attainment (higher risk with lower education) c) region of the country (higher risk on the coasts) d) number of children (higher risk with more than 3 children) - ANSWER B
Which of the following groups experiences the least overall happiness? a) people who are separated b) people who are widowed c) people who are in unhappy marriages d) people who are single - ANSWER C
Which of the following statements about gay and lesbian partnerships is true? a) In recent years, discrimination against gays and lesbians has increased, especially on the part of the young. b) In recent years, discrimination against gays and lesbians has diminished, especially on the part of older adults. c) Gay and lesbian couples no longer face discrimination. d) In recent years, discrimination against gays and lesbians has diminished,
