Nuclear Structure and Nuclear Forces
Nucleus of an atom consists of protons and neutrons
(nucleons).
Proton mass: mp=1.6726 X 10-27 Kg
Proton charge: +e=+1.6 X 10-19 C
Neutron mass: mn=1.6749 X 10-27 Kg
Neutron has no charge!
Atomic Number, Z, is the number of protons in the
nucleus. It is also the number of electrons in a neutral
atom (also known as the Charge Number).
The Atomic Mass Number, A, is the number of nucleons
(protons + neutrons) in the nucleus of an atom (also
known as Mass Number).
Neutron Number, N: N = A – Z
Chemical Symbol of an element, X;
Nuclide Symbol: A
ZX
Example: 12
6C
Carbon nucleus with 6 protons and 6 neutrons
Isotope: Nuclei of a given element which are stable and
have same number of protons (Z), but different number
of neutrons (different A and N)
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