Download NUR 198: Cardiovascular Medications Review- QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS | 2026 UPDAT and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
NUR 198: Cardiovascular Medications Review-
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS |
2026 UPDATE
Lisinopril (Zestril) Class: ACE Inhibitor. Action: Blocks ACE to โ angiotensin II โ โ BP & afterload. Indications: HTN, HF, post-MI. Common Side Effects: Cough, hypotension, hyperkalemia, angioedema. Nursing Considerations: Monitor BP, K+; avoid salt substitutes. Patient Education: Rise slowly, report cough/swelling. Losartan (Cozaar) Class: ARB. Action: Blocks angiotensin II receptors โ vasodilation. Indications: HTN, HF. Common Side Effects: Dizziness, hypotension, hyperkalemia. Nursing Considerations: Monitor BP, K+, renal function. Patient Education: Avoid K+ substitutes, take as directed. Metoprolol (Lopressor) Class: Beta-blocker. Action: โ HR, โ BP, โ myocardial O2 demand. Indications: HTN, angina, HF, post-MI. Common Side Effects: Bradycardia, fatigue, hypotension. Nursing Considerations: Hold if HR <60, monitor for HF. Patient Education: Do not stop abruptly, report SOB. Atenolol (Tenormin) Class: Beta-blocker. Action: โ HR & BP, โ myocardial O2 demand. Indications: Angina, HTN, MI prevention. Common Side Effects: Bradycardia, depression, fatigue. Nursing Considerations: Monitor ECG, BP, HR. Patient Education: May mask hypoglycemia signs. Amlodipine (Norvasc)
Class: Calcium Channel Blocker. Action: Vasodilation โ โ BP & myocardial workload. Indications: HTN, angina. Common Side Effects: Edema, dizziness, flushing. Nursing Considerations: Monitor BP, hold if SBP <90. Patient Education: Avoid grapefruit juice. Diltiazem (Cardizem) Class: CCB. Action: โ HR, vasodilation, slows AV node. Indications: A-fib, SVT, HTN. Common Side Effects: Bradycardia, constipation, edema. Nursing Considerations: Monitor ECG, BP, HR. Patient Education: Avoid sudden position changes. Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) Class: Nitrate. Action: Vasodilation โ โ preload & afterload. Indications: Angina, MI. Common Side Effects: Headache, hypotension, flushing. Nursing Considerations: Monitor BP, wear gloves for paste. Patient Education: Sit/lie down, max 3 doses. Isosorbide Mononitrate Class: Nitrate. Action: Reduces angina via vasodilation. Indications: Chronic stable angina. Common Side Effects: Dizziness, headache, hypotension. Nursing Considerations: Do not use with PDE5 inhibitors. Patient Education: Take daily, hold if BP too low. Furosemide (Lasix) Class: Loop Diuretic. Action: Inhibits Na/K/Cl reabsorption. Indications: HF, edema, HTN. Common Side Effects: Hypokalemia, dehydration, ototoxicity. Nursing Considerations: Monitor K+, I&O, BP. Patient Education: Report cramps, eat K+-rich foods. Hydrochlorothiazide
MI prevention Prevention of Myocardial Infarction CAD Coronary Artery Disease Clopidogrel (Plavix) Antiplatelet medication that inhibits ADP receptor ACS Acute Coronary Syndrome Warfarin (Coumadin) Anticoagulant that inhibits vitamin K clotting factors DVT Deep Vein Thrombosis PE Pulmonary Embolism Heparin Anticoagulant that inhibits thrombin via antithrombin III Enoxaparin (Lovenox) Low Molecular Weight Heparin that inhibits Factor Xa
VTE prevention Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism Amiodarone (Cordarone) Antiarrhythmic that prolongs action potential V-Tach Ventricular Tachycardia V-Fib Ventricular Fibrillation A-Fib Atrial Fibrillation Adenosine Antiarrhythmic that slows AV conduction SVT Supraventricular Tachycardia Atropine Anticholinergic that increases heart rate Lidocaine Antiarrhythmic that decreases automaticity in ventricles
