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NURS 316 FINAL EXAM (2026-2027)
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
A client is exhibiting manifestations of superficial dermatophytosis of the skin with skin scaling and nail disintegration. Based on these findings the nurse can anticipate that the client will be with prescribed what? Select all that apply. A) An antifungal like ketoconazole B) Topical corticosteroid C) An antihistamine like Benadryl D) An antibiotic like tetracycline A) An antifungal like ketoconazole B) Topical corticosteroid A 44-year-old man has been brought to the emergency department with severe electrical burns resulting from a workplace accident. The most immediate threat to this client's survival at this time is? Select one. A) Acute pain B) Decrease protein synthesis and impaired healing C) Infection
D) Hemodynamic instability Hemodynamic instability The nurse administers erythromycin, a drug that is known to irritate the mucosa in the stomach lining. When the patient reports abdominal discomfort after taking this medication, the nurse would classify this discomfort as what type of adverse effect? Select one. A) Allergic reaction B) Hypersensitivity reaction C) Secondary action D) Primary action Secondary action The nurse explains that the drugs metronidazole (Flagyl) or Tinidazole (Tindamax) can be administered to treat what protozoan infections? Select all that apply. A) Giardiasis B) Cryptosporidium parvum C) Trichomoniasis D) Amebiasis
d. Withhold foods/nutrition since the GI tract may have slowed down in response to stress. e. Minimize pain medication administration to not compromise the child's respiratory effort. a. Focus on replacing fluids that have been lost from the vascular, interstitial, and cellular compartments. b. Assess for indications that the child's airway has been compromised by assessing breath sounds and voice quality. c. Maintain sterile field when doing dressing changes and debridement. Dry itchy plaques on her elbows and knees have prompted a 23-year-old woman to seek care. The clinician has subsequently diagnosed the client with psoriasis, a disorder that results from. Select one. A) Increased epidermal cell turnover B) Human papilloma virus (HPV) C) An Igf mediated immune reaction D) Hormonal influences on sebaceous gland activity Increased epidermal cell turnover
The nurse administers polymyxin B to a patient with a gram-negative bacterial infection. What symptoms would cause the nurse to suspect drug fever, hold the medication and call the health care provider immediately? Select all that apply. A) Ataxia B) Reduced urine output C) Dizziness D) Fever E) Increased activity A) Ataxia B) Reduced urine output C) Dizziness D) Fever The physician ordered furosemide 100mg in 250 mL of D5W. It is to infuse at 25 mg/hour per infusion pump. How many hours will the IV run? Round to the nearest hour. Select one. A) 6 B) 8
The nurse collects the past medical history of a patient new to the clinic. The patient states he or she has an allergy to penicillin. What would the nurse question next? Select all that apply. A) How many doses were administered before the reaction occurred? B) What signs and symptoms were displayed with the reaction? C) How was the medication administered? D) What treatment was required to control the allergic reaction? E) Had the medication ever been prescribed before the time when the reaction occurred? A) How many doses were administered before the reaction occurred? B) What signs and symptoms were displayed with the reaction? E) Had the medication ever been prescribed before the time when the reaction occurred? A 5-year-old girl has been presented for care by her father due to her recent development of macules on her trunk, extremities, and mucous membranes. The child is mildly febrile but her primary symptom is extreme pruritus. What disorder of the skin should the clinician who is assessing the child first suspect? A) Impetigo
B) Rosacea C) Lichen planus D) Varicella Varicella A child weighs 40 kg, and the recommended dosages of clindamycin palmitate hydrochloride oral suspension is 8 to 25mg/kg/day in four divided doses. What is the maximum dosage for this child in 24 hours? Select one. A) 320 B) 640 C) 500 D) 1000 1000 Which of the following actions could result in pressure sore formation? A) Applying powder to the buttocks area when diaphoresis has become a problem B) Turning a client from side to side every 2 hours C) Pulling a stroke patient up in bed D) Allowing a client to sit up in a chair at mealtimes
The nurse admits a patient suspected of having a fungal infection. What action will the nurse need to take before a systemic antifungal can be prescribed? Select all that apply. A) Assess history of lymphatic disease B) Initiate IV therapy C) Assess history of liver and kidney disease D) Obtain a culture of the fungus E) Request the patient sign a consent form A) Assess history of lymphatic disease C) Assess history of liver and kidney disease D) Obtain a culture of the fungus The clinic nurse provides teaching for a patient prescribed pyrimethamine (Daraprim) to prevent malaria and instructs on the need to notify the prescriber immediately if what signs and symptoms occur. Select one. A) Diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss, and anemia B) Irritation, rash, or inflammation C) Headache, nausea, or constipation D) Anorexia, nausea, or vomiting
Diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss, and anemia Overuse of anti-infective agents is known to contribute to the onset of superinfections in the body. What is a causative agent of a superinfection? Select one. a. Escherichia coli b. Probenecid c. Protozoans d. Pseudomonas Pseudomonas The physician ordered metaraminol 50mg in 250 mL of D5W. It is to infuse at 50mcg/minute per infusion pump. What is the correct IV rate in milliliters per hour? Round to the nearest whole number. A) 20 B) 15 C) 25 D) 10 15
D) This cancer is mainly contained to the head and neck area. B) Malignant melanoma is a very rapid growing, aggressive cancer C) Your cancer has grown into the deep tissues and quite likely into lymph nodes (stage 3B). The nurse needs to consider teratogenic effects of medications when caring for what population of patients? A) Older adults B) Young adult women C) Patients with a history of cancer D) Children Young adult women While studying the antihypertensive drugs the, nursing students learn about the pressure in the cardiovascular system is determined by three elements. What are they? Select all that apply. A) Heart rate B) Stroke volume C) Preload D) Total peripheral resistance
E) Pulse pressure A) Heart rate B) Stroke volume D) Total peripheral resistance The nurse is providing patient teaching to a patient who has been prescribed Digoxin. The patient tells the nurse that she occasionally uses herbals and other alternative therapies. What herb would the nurse warn the patient to avoid taking with the digoxin. Select one. A) black cohosh B) ginseng C) Saw palmetto D) Valerian B) ginseng What assessment finding would indicate the patient's left-sided heart failure is worsening? A) Increased pulse rate B) Increased crackles in lung fields
Alcohol For which of the following types of shock might intravenous antibiotic therapy be indicated? Select one. A) Hypovolemic shock B) Distributive shock C) Obstructive shock D) Cardiogenic shock Distributive shock Which of the following individuals is suffering the effects of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)? A) A client who sometimes experiences chest pain when climbing stairs B) A client who occasionally experiences persistent and severe chest pain when at rest C) A client who has recently been diagnosed with vasospastic angina D) A client whose most recent ECG indicates that silent myocardial ischemia has occurred A client who occasionally experiences persistent and severe chest pain when at rest
A health care provider was asked by a client, "Why do my hands turn blue when I drive my car in the winter without gloves?" Which of the following is the best response? Select one. A) "Your arteries in your hands as fingers are going to spasm, which decreases blood flow and circulating oxygen." B) "Nothing to worry about. We all develop this as we age." C) "We better order a CT scan. It might be due to a blood clot in your radial artery." D) "This sounds like an inflammation of the lining of your veins you need to take some NAIDS." "Your arteries in your hands as fingers are going to spasm, which decreases blood flow and circulating oxygen." A client awaiting a heart transplant is experiencing decompensation of her left ventricle that will not respond to medications. The physician suggests placing the client on a ventricular assist device (VAD). The client asks what this equipment will do. The health care providers respond. Select one. "This device will decrease the workload of the myocardium while maintaining cardiac output and systemic arterial pressure."
The nurse is preparing to teach the patient about diet therapy when beginning by sequestrant medication to lower lipid levels. What important teaching point will the nurse include in this teaching plan? Select one. A) Increasing carbohydrate intake B) Increasing fiber intake C) Reducing fluid intake D) Reducing protein intake Increasing fiber intake Which of the following statements about vascular compliance is accurate? Select one. A) Arteries have thick muscular walls that constrict tightly, thereby ejecting blood without storing it for use later. B) A continuous flow through the capillaries occurs primarily during systole. C) Veins can act as a reservoir for storing large quantities of blood. D) Arteries are much more distensible than veins. Veins can act as a reservoir for storing large quantities of blood.
The emergency department nurse is asked to prepare a nitroprusside (Nitropress) infusion for a patient being brought to the hospital in an ambulance. The nurse knows this drug is only used in what circumstances? a) Hypertensive emergencies b) Hypertension in a patient having a myocardial infarction c) Hypertension complicated by symptoms of a stroke d) Hypertension associated with diabetic ketoacidosis Hypertensive emergencies The nurse provides teaching about Digoxin to the 62 year old patient. The nurse evaluates patient understanding and determinates further teaching is needed when the patient says she will do what? Select one. A) Take the medication with a meal B) Weigh herself daily at the same time C) Take the medication daily in the morning D) Take her pulse before taking her down Take the medication with a meal What class of antiarrhythmic agent would the nurse be most likely to administer to a lactating new mother? Select one.
