NURS 6635 EXAM FINAL WINTER, Exams of Nursing

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Walden University, NURS 6635 EXAM FINAL, WINTER

NURS 6635 EXAM

FINAL WINTER

Walden University_NURS6635 Exam Final Winter

QUESTION 1

1. Select the diagnostic criterion for catatonia resulting from a medical condition. A Loose association . B Pressured speech . C Waxy flexibility . D Involuntary . movement Answer: C. Step-by-Step explanation Catatonia is a type of schizophrenia that have symptoms usually involve lack of movement or immobility. One of the behaviors that the catatonic patient have is waxy flexibility where his or her limbs stay in the position or unable to move. He or she needs another person to reposition his or her limbs. Therefore, the answer is waxy flexibility. 1 points

QUESTION 2

1. Select the negative symptom of schizophrenia. Answer: A .

A

Anhedonia . B Delusions . C Catatonia . D Hallucinatio

. ns Step-by-Step explanation Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness that affects a person's ability to think, behave, express feelings, interpret reality, and interact with others. Schizophrenia is the most chronic and debilitating of the main psychiatric disorders, despite its rarity. There are symptoms of Schizophrenia - negative and positive ones. We will talk about the positive symptoms first. 1.) Hallucinations - the patient can hear, smell, see and feel something that nobody does.2.) Delusion

• the patient have mistaken or faulty beliefs.

3. Disorganized thoughts - patient is having a hard time to sort out or to arrange his thoughts.4) Hard to concentrate - lose focus on something or what he does.
4. Movement disorders.

Walden University_NURS6635 Exam Final Winter 1 points

QUESTION 4

1. Select the type of neurochemical receptor that is blocked by caffeine. A GABA . B Glutamate . C Adenosine . D (^) Norepinephri . ne Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug. The only molecular targets for caffeine at nontoxic doses are the main adenosine receptors in the brain, namely the inhibitory A1 receptors (A1R) and the facilitatory A2A receptors (A2AR) (9) 1 points

QUESTION 5

1. Select the main cause female orgasmic disorder. A Cultural . B Genetic . C Hormonal . D (^) Psychologi . cal Answer: D. Step-by-Step explanation The right answer is Option D. Physical, Situational & Psychological factors can contribute to female orgasmic disorder such as:
2. Physical 1. Medical conditions 2. Medications
3. Situational 1. Sexual inexperience 2. Insufficient foreplay 3. Lack of understanding about how genital organs function4. Poor communication about sex **3. Psychological
4. Guilty feeling about sex** 2. Anxiety & depression 3.

Walden University_NURS6635 Exam Final Winter Relationship issues

Walden University_NURS6635 Exam Final Winter A Denial of

. responsibility B Fixed delusions . C (^) Suspicious of . coworkers D (^) Hostility and . irritability Answer: A. Step-by-Step explanation C- Suspicious of coworkers Suspicious of coworkers is a symptom of paranoid personality disorder it displays unusual behavior towards others. Usually associated with trust issues and unstable self confidence. They tend to admit with negative feelings towards others and uncomfortable having in a group. The symptoms of paranoid personality disorder may appear in childhood or adolescence. People who suffer prefer isolation, have weak peer relationships, social anxiety, academic underachievement, hypersensitivity, idiosyncratic fantasies, and odd thoughts and language. These teenagers can seem "weird" or "eccentric," making them easy targets for bullying. A (^) Generalized . anxiety B Bipolar I . C Depressive . D Personality . Answer: B. Step-by-Step explanation It is because a genetic link, who have mood disorder.

QUESTION 6

1. Select the symptom not present in paranoid personality disorder. 1 points

QUESTION 7

1. Select the disorder that is often comorbid with brief psychotic disorder. 1 points

FINAL

QUESTION 8

1. Select the age before which a majority of paraphilic disorders occurs. A 2 . 2 B (^1) . 8 C 2 . 5 D 5 . 0 Answer: B. Step-by-Step explanation Paraphilias occurs primarily in males with an average onset between age 8 and 12. Hence option (B) is the correct option A (^) 0.1- . 1.0% B 1-5% . C 5-10% . D 0.08% . Answer: A. Step-by-Step explanation The estimated number of people having schizophrenia in the US is 2.5 million. The total population of US is 328 million. Therefore, (2.5 million/328 million) x 100 = 0.76% So, the answer is letter A. 0.1-1.0%

QUESTION 10

1. Select the age range of the highest rate of substance dependence or abuse. A 12- . B 18- . C 26- 1 points

QUESTION 9

1. Select the lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia in the United States. 1 points 1 points

FINAL B Social withdrawal . C Hallucinations . D (^) Disorganized

. speech

QUESTION 12

1. Select the personality disorder in which patients are most likely to tolerate spousalabuse to avoid losing sense of attachment. A Dependent . B Narcissistic . C (^) Passive- . aggressive D Depressive . Answer: A. Step-by-Step explanation The correct answer is letter A. Narcissistic Egotistical, arrogant, grandiose, insouciant. Preoccupied with fantasies of success, beauty, or achievement. See themselves as admirable and superior, and therefore entitled to special treatment. Is a mental disorder in which people have an inflated sense of their own importance and a deep need for admiration. Those with narcissistic personality disorder believe that they're superior to others and have little regard for other people's feelings. Dependent Helpless, incompetent, submissive, immature. Withdrawn from adult responsibilities. See themselves as weak or fragile. Seek constant reassurance from stronger figures. They have the need to be taken care of by a person. They fear being abandoned or separated from important people in their life. Depressive Somber, discouraged, pessimistic, brooding, fatalistic. Present themselves as vulnerable and abandoned. Feel valueless, guilty, and impotent. Judge themselves as worthy only of criticism and contempt. Hopeless, suicidal, restless. This disorder can lead to aggressive acts and hallucinations. Passive- aggressive (Negativistic) Will not communicate when there is something problematic to discuss. Resentful, contrary, skeptical, discontented. Resist fulfilling others' expectations. Deliberately inefficient. Vent anger indirectly by undermining others' goals. Alternately moody and irritable, then sullen and withdrawn. Withhold emotions. 1 points

FINAL A Obsessive-

. compulsive B Sadomasochistic . C Borderline . D Passive-aggressive . Answer: D. Step-by-Step explanation The answer is D. Passive-aggressive According to Blais, M.A. et al, 2008, obstructionism and procrastination , is a major feature of passive-aggressive personality disorder. This features are shown as passive resistance to authority for any request of good performance. Also persons with this personality disorder shows pervasive negative attitude ( pessimism ) toward the world. Reference: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/passive-aggressive- personality-disorder

QUESTION 14

1. Select the drug of choice to treat psychosis in delirious patients. A (^) Chlorpromazi . ne B Alprazolam . C Clozapine . D Haloperidol . Answer: A. Step-by-Step explanation Chlorpromazine is a phenothiazine used for the treatment of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia, psychotic disorders, manic phase of bipolar disorder, severe behavioral problems in children. It enables delirious patients to think more clearly, feel less nervous, and take part in everyday life. It can reduce aggressive behavior and the desire to hurt others or even the patients themselves. It helps in the management of aggressive behavior in a patient as well as reduces hallucinations. It works by helping to restore the balance of certain natural substances in the brain.

QUESTION 13

1. Select the personality disorder in which patients exhibit covert obstructionism,procrastination and pessimism. 1 points 1 points

FINAL Birnbaum, R., & Weinberger, D. R. (2017). Genetic insights into the neurodevelopmental origins of schizophrenia. Nature Reviews Neuroscience , 18 (12), 727-740. McCutcheon, R. A., Marques, T. R., & Howes, O. D. (2020). Schizophrenia—an overview. JAMA psychiatry , 77 (2), 201-210. A (^) Dopaminer

. gic B Serotonergi . c C Adrenergic . D (^) Glutamater . gic https://www.coursehero.com/qa/attachment/18943142/

QUESTION 18

Select the preferred drug used to treat alcohol withdrawal. A Fluoxetin

. e B (^) Propranol . ol C Lorazepa . m D Phenytoin . Answer: C. Step-by-Step explanation The correct answer is (C) Lorazepam In general hospital settings, alcohol dependence is a normal occurrence. It makes up a large portion of the referrals that a consultation-liaison psychiatrist receives. Medication over 80 are used to treat or control withdrawal symptoms of alcohol. Treatment of withdrawal can be done with delirium DT with it aim being to achieve a peaceful, but awake state or light somnolence, which is characterized as a sleep from which the patient can be easily awakened. This is ideally accomplished by administering intravenous diazepam at regular intervals while carefully watching the patient during the process. Patients with

QUESTION 17

1. Select the neurotransmitter system that is most associated with the addictiverewarding properties of opioids. 1 points 1 points

FINAL hepatic disease, pulmonary disease, or the elderly who are at risk of over-sedation and respiratory depression from diazepam may benefit from intravenous or intramuscular lorazepam. Reference Clinical management of alcohol withdrawal: A systematic review. (2018). PubMed Central (PMC). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4085800/

QUESTION 19

1. Select the neurotransmitter that is most associated with the occurrence of ADHD. A Serotonin . B Dopamine . C Acetylcholi . ne D Glutamate . Answer: B. Step-by-Step explanation  At one time, scientists thought that low levels of a neurotransmitter named dopamine caused ADHD. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter implicated in many psychiatric problems. Among other things, dopamine impacts movement, mood, motivation, and attention.  These chemicals are called neurotransmitters. Dopamine and norepinephrine aretwo neurotransmitters that may play a role in ADHD.

QUESTION 20

1. Select the most frequently abused illicit drug. A Marijuana . B Heroin . C Cocaine . D Phencyclidi . ne Answer: A. Step-by-Step explanation Marijuana is the most frequent used illicit drug across the globe. This is supported by the different stands on legalization of the same. According to stats, in 2018 at least 53.2 million people had used marijuana that year. This indicates how it is easily abused. 1 points 1 points

FINAL B 6 weeks . C (^3)

. months D 6 . months Answer: B. Step-by-Step explanation Error in choices. The correct answer is choice (C) 3 months. Tardive dyskinesia is a side effect of antipsychotic drugs that causes involuntary movement of muscles of the face. The drugs work by inhibiting dopamine secretion, which mediates the brain's action to control muscle. it is normally associated with very high doses, or when the drugs are taken for longer periods of time. 1 points

QUESTION 24

B Residing in a low population

. density C Lack of seasonal influenza . vaccination D Undiagnosed medical illness . Answer: A. and D. Step-by-Step explanation Answers are letter A and D. Psychiatric Comorbidity happens side to side with schizophrenia, it aids the disease to be even more difficult. A factor are undiagnosed medical illnesses, people who suffer from this tends to be more vulnerable to medical illnesses and the fact that it was not yet discovered, they are commonly associated and at higher risks with chronic medical disorders. Another factor is substance abuse, this comorbidity dominates those who suffer with schizophrenia. During the course of the disease, those who suffer from it might probably look for alternative options to cope with it, resulting to substance abuse that could result to their condition, getting worse. B Schizophrenia . 1 points

QUESTION 25

1. Select the psychiatric disorder for which the term neuroleptic is used to describe drugeffects. A Bipolar I .
2. Select two comorbid factors common in schizophrenic patients. A Substance abuse

FINAL C (^) Generalized

. anxiety D Depression . Answer: B. Step-by-Step explanation Antipsychotics, also known as neuroleptics, are a class of psychotropic medication primarily used to manage psychosis (including delusions, hallucinations, paranoia or disordered thought), principally in schizophrenia but also in a range of other psychotic disorders.

QUESTION 26

1. Select the two characteristics that describe normal sexual behavior. A Varies from era to era . B Reflects cultural mores . C Remains consistent from era . to^ era D Is compulsive . Answer: B. and C. Step-by-Step explanation Characteristics of normal sexual behavior include that the behavior is spontaneous or intermittent light hearted and playful,occurs between children of similar age ,size and ability who may be the same and opposite genders and typically decreased with caregiver guidance and supervision A (^) Voyeuris . m B Zoophilia . C Pedophili . a D (^) Fetishis . m Answer: C. Step-by-Step explanation 1 points

QUESTION 27

1. Select the most common paraphilic disorder. 1 points

FINAL

. E B (^) MMS . E C AIMS . D BPRS . Answer: C. Step-by-Step explanation Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) is used to assess medication-induced movement disorders such as dyskinesia. Dyskinesia is an uncontrolled involuntary movement expressed in the arms, legs or head, and trunk, which includes items such as facial behaviors (jaw, facial muscles, tongue, and lips), full-body behaviors (upper, lower, and trunk), and general severity of involuntary movements and incapacitation due to these movements. Reference: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/abnormal- involuntary-movement-scale

QUESTION 31

1. Select the theorist who first studied social and cultural influences on suicide. A Freud . B Durkhei . m C (^) Menning . er D Beck . Answer: B. Step-by-Step explanation I think Durkheim was the first theorist who studied social and cultural influences on suicide. He plotted social regulation on x-axis and social integration in y-axis. This way he started his study. Durkheim's study demonstrates that what is thought to be a highly individual act is actually socially patterned and has social, not only psychological, causes. . So, the correct answer is B. Durkheim 1 points

QUESTION 32

1. Select the time of treatment of schizophrenic patients with correct antipsychotic drug therapy that represents an adequate medication trial. 1 points

FINAL A 2 to 4 weeks . B 4 to 6 weeks . C (^3) to 6

. months D 6 to 12 . months Answer: B. Step-by-Step explanation Antipsychotic medications can help calm and clear up confusion in a person with acute psychosis (specifically schizophrenia), in a matter of hours or days, but can take up to four to six weeks to reach their full effect. Therefore, the correct answer is Option B. 4 to 6 weeks

QUESTION 33

1. Select the two behaviors of schizophrenic patients that occur more frequently than inthe general population. A Homicid . e B Violence . C Suicide . D Pyroman . ia Answer: A. and C. Step-by-Step explanation People diagnose with schizophrenia are 2-3 times more likely to die prematurely than the rest of the general population. About 4.9% of people with schizophrenia die by suicide, this rate is far greater than the general population. Another behavior is homicide, the risk of homicide to individuals with schizophrenia is 0.3% which is greater compared to 0.02% of the general population.

QUESTION 34

1. Select the neurotransmitter that increases sexual desire. A Norepinephri . ne 1 points 1 points