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Nutrition Final Exam solution 2024
Energy-yielding Nutrients - ANS>> the nutrients that break down to yield energy the
body can use; protein, fat and carbs
Kcals/g for energy-yielding nutrients - ANS>> proteins/carbs-4, fat-9, alcohol-7
Essential Nutrients - ANS>> nutrients that must come from food because our bodies
cannot produce it in sufficient amounts to meet physiological needs
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) - ANS>> a set of nutrient intake values for healthy
people in the U.S. and Canada
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) - ANS>> the average daily amount of
nutrient considered adequate to meet the known nutrient needs of practically all healthy
people
Legumes - ANS>> group of plants that include beans and peas; generally low in fat
and are nutrient and fiber rich; examples- black beans, kidney beans, peanuts
Discretionary Calories - ANS>> the kcalories remaining in a person's energy allowance
after consuming enough nutrient-dense foods to meet all nutrient needs for a day
Whole Grains - ANS>> a grain that maintains the same relative proportions of starchy
endosperm, germ, and bran as the original; at least half of grains should be whole; look
for "whole grain" as one of first things in ingredient list
Fortified foods - ANS>> the addition to a food of nutrients that were either not originally
present or present in insignificant amounts; cereal is highly fortified
Vegetarians - ANS>> people who exclude meat, poultry, fish or other animal-derived
foods from their diets
Iron in Vegetarians - ANS>> RDA for iron is higher in vegetarians; iron absorption
enhanced by Vitamin C; vegetarians are no more iron deificient than other people
Non-heme iron - ANS>> Iron found in non-meat based foods; can be found in
vegetables, grains, iron-fortified cereals and legumes; not absorbed by the body as well
as heme iron
Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract - ANS>> a flexible muscular tube that extends from the
mouth, through the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum to
anus
