Download O-Level Physics Complete Revision Notes SPACE PHYSICS and more Lecture notes Physics in PDF only on Docsity!
of the pt planots ‘holdr the Solar System Slee jf follow, Hui. uae ee “Solar. System La | LHS. a single 4érm that includes. < oN plangis A their moons | in orbit havo the Sun. Those planets thai are closest 10. the = _Sun.feed ihe Qreaiest attraction Those planets that ane = furthest fo. the Sun Feel) the weakest attraction. pr _It_also includes Smaller bodies such as comes, asteroids & = | meteroids. jes aa Fately les JL. It & an object that orbits the planets . Two ty pes— D Natural (moon) it) Artigiaal Cman- made ) . BNatvval Satellites are calied moons.Farth hag 4 moon . Mors.has 2 moons, Jupiter % Saturn has more than GO MOons. Scanned wi CamScanner fomets Sate ike! | — = orbit —the. Sun. Eauolian Pi close 4 = | them vey i Rane oy ain|, teu la tong “acl ‘hdt_ shine) in | eae tas? “can be millions. Seal in gh ea] ae lea : © Amonc ie ¢ ei i planets, ere! ate. rebul nak RS il _ Mercury CeariK Mas_A if foun g topiters Sitdan Vianvs , OE ae ORBITAL S PEEDS Roe + = Disiante | orbital distance | Time zime taken by 1 complete drbi+, = —tirgumterence of orbit_ time period | [orbital speed = 2n¢ T | the lovk ward p, e bray willbe. | Bie ieee er Layer oF | | ar s 16900 al pated earl" | svar incr eases | th this wil cause ee. star € . For exan 2 different 'sotopes of ng eae tan join +0. form a | helium nvcrevs % release energy in the form oF heat 1 & hight) Cwhen the universe was first formed biltvons | “2. 0F years ago cra area ani Papen element _ |. ae h aoa | o AN the, ndivrally | decurin elements | apart Eom ‘hydrogen | _ have been formed by nutiear fusion in. stars | fea t | | || Ee | S| | “Example > [hese [ Spal ot iH fu, 44 e (protium) (tritium) Eni | The “o10cess of nuclear fvSion. (eleases ener gy in rte fem of heat & light | fs the stars~ un out of hydrogen, 0 ther Pusion teackions dake gate, ey the nveler oF olner Felernerts, [=trofestor] = th | | very thi eee Vevaliel peat “ed np ratire at | _—_bavante_of § Ovdward | the (ore Abapnning — prsture & of nuclear fusvoa. |” | inwatd a gravitali= | -onal force > Stor sepa Tcanis 40 Devome_a— ted quant. sles fou _maas Stars L ‘Planetary nebula | | white dwavf at | centre 1 a4 “pnite’ © ae Ne | dwar. | . Y qe nen black @ Star hole dwarf Scanned with @ camScanner Tee All’ ; | | ] \~ | = ‘) | ] | gyats, the neutron. S10" thal Fox.ms' lat He eno nl formS. A. black inole. |_| expand [= tentperatvre|_ a | rear © Neviron’ atar / Aipaetuer in| the bela dF ie continve 40 collapse under the Forte be arate Until jr Sa A black hole. IS an) extremely dense pH in See tha not feueh light Can | escape £rom. Heid aie Weibel spol Tennant | je |__| ‘When most of! helium. nuciei_ have fused together, new 'r nuclear eS aie {but now the compressive: forces are __larger 4 and_he_ sta iNS_40 Get smaller! oF contsact This: | contraction 6f the stat cause an increase If emp ecajure SD the stay again changes colour. I+ now emits! more _ ~ ble _and white’ lig ht .The__stav_tmen. changes into a white ~ dwarf_sfar. The matter from which white dwatf stats are _made_is_ millions of iimes more dense than ary matiex found on the €arth. isd Wd Fe Ue LS IS jd pian! Dwars Pe eels Once_the star__has_last signifveant. amount of energy, ine gtar_cools_& changes inio_a_cold , black duaté. star. CUR CUILAR MoTION IN oR 81T — : Gravity resultant force — a centripetal forced) o Planets rave} around the Ljowards Sun_in orbits that are centre _]_approximat ély cisculac. velour © Objects in cirevjay- orbit are Travelling ata consiam. @change in disection Cavses speed . change in velocity. _ ©The orbit § a circulat path, © Acceleration 6 aie o& change therefore the direction ‘n = OF velocity so as velocity 1's which the object 15 =3 chan ing. object 1S accelerating. travelli iM be cons} anr *Aresultant force iS needed poem cag Je Changing direction . Scanned with ce) CamScanner | AG ATS Both source 2 observer. are sfationasy - —— of serve ~ Opener Solve. As ser mA A Source — Ar, are ¥ — EEBRESEEBeS5 ie AV
€yidene Shous tat the Universe _begon fiom a vey small, dense 2 ever sine Universe 1S expendi Suze of ; j Universe imo Scanned with @ camScanner \ Nwards + Whe tae bala ny e mat puede iS a very rah, he r, slduated in the spiralar | iy the cen tre of tn | peuad Ths word encompesses belly with seit Salat 6 isaac wes ALS their | rav ity. The @ ate e Anan | 1O¢ galaxie’ in ‘the ee aa | | | | y ana way tit ir a galaa' ia | i intlvdes our [siat ! Sysiem).\t has, “nit af stars, Lenape | S | | Universe : It refers to. the al time et ues y a laws that govern Bape | Lo Syn. |_| a the | | Red Giants “These are Ce ivainas stats. wliecal ne Surfae temperature 8 a high volume, with reddish —Ovange- hue in their: Final Stag hoe Ste\lay evolv ion & hat Wave exhavsted Eneit. Supply of; hyper in sat Core . + RED SVPER GINNTS | A epi giant stais with a raion of 15 solar masses | Scanned with Camscanner _ Supernova’ ES! 1g ba powerful lvimindvs!} | — ellar explosion, thal: halppens when astar has veachedttey. | | | | tt | edichis We! J Fee esis eae ; A AAA ACC a Ve Ls | “= Nebula =k 15a ldtin word for! fop ot (cloud |-JFconsistS | fi | |_| lof! interstellar clouds, con'sisting of helium, | | ___|bosmic dust, (omised gases, hydrogen! 83 wellias | |_| Imoletvlarclovds.there are 5 different types_|_ |_| lof nehulae —> emission , reflection dark, | | _iplanetary & supetnova mebuiae |} - ae Se es HT Ugvatko nobel e Sey *Amegion in gpace| | ey | | tet The _region appears 40 be black & ovcvian.| | | There “are _approaimaiely 400 billion_supermassive blackhole s | -— Red Stuft _ SOS ae | sit & a2 phenomena, in_wnich_ the spectrum.of an! astronomical ohject gets displaced fowards-the __- — longer wavelength (red). sae a AH UBRLE elo wisirinep lee It iS the ‘vakio of the speed at which the Galaxy 1S mowing -away from the earth fo its. distance ftom the: farih. | + 5 Ee i a! ge t V 
