OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING, Cheat Sheet of Object Oriented Programming

Download OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING and more Cheat Sheet Object Oriented Programming in PDF only on Docsity! OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING ● Object-Oriented Programming is a methodology or paradigm to design a program using classes and objects. It simplifies the software development and maintenance by providing some concepts defined below : ● Class is a user-defined data type which defines its properties and its functions. Class is the only logical representation of the data. For example, Human being is a class. The body parts of a human being are its properties, and the actions performed by the body parts are known as functions. The class does not occupy any memory space till the time an object is instantiated. C++ Syntax (for class): class student{ public: int id; // data member int mobile; string name; int add(int x, int y){ // member functions return x + y; } }; ● Object is a run-time entity. It is an instance of the class. An object can represent a person, place or any other item. An object can operate on both data members and member functions. Sakshi verma C++ Syntax (for object): student s = new student(); Note : When an object is created using a new keyword, then space is allocated for the variable in a heap, and the starting address is stored in the stack memory. When an object is created without a new keyword, then space is not allocated in the heap memory, and the object contains the null value in the stack. ● Inheritance Inheritance is a process in which one object acquires all the properties and behaviors of its parent object automatically. In such a way, you can reuse, extend or modify the attributes and behaviors which are defined in other classes. In C++ , the class which inherits the members of another class is called derived class and the class whose members are inherited is called base class. The derived class is the specialized class for the base class. C++ Syntax : class derived_class :: visibility-mode base_class; visibility-modes = {private, protected, public} Types of Inheritance : 1. Single inheritance : When one class inherits another class, it is known as single level inheritance 2. Multiple inheritance : Multiple inheritance is the process of deriving Sakshi verma