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Brain Stimulation as a Treatment for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - Prof. Dana Anderson, Papers of Psychology

Pacific Lutheran University (PLU)Psychology
Prof. Dana Anderson

A medical study in boston that used electrodes to stimulate the subthalamic nuclei of 17 individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd). The study aimed to find a more efficient cure for ocd than cognitive-behavioral therapy and antidepressants, but resulted in severe side effects for some participants. The document also provides information about the symptoms and prevalence of ocd.

Typology: Papers

Pre 2010

Uploaded on 12/12/2009

dayna007
dayna007 🇺🇸

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Paper 3/ Group A
Chapter 13: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, p. 468
The textbook describes Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) as a chronic anxiety
disorder typically characterized by distressing over repetitive thoughts and compulsions
(tasks or rituals). This mental disorder occurs more frequently in teens and young adults and
in some cases subsides with age (about 20% mature out of OCD). Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder can become such a persistent problem that it can interfere with everyday normal
functions like brushing your teeth, opening a door, and doing homework to name a few.
The attached article describes a recent medical study in Boston that attempted to
cure 17 individuals of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder by using electrodes to stimulate
their subthalamic nuclei. The experiment was attempted to find a more efficient cure for
OCD than just cognitive-behavioral therapy and antidepressants (40% success rate). The
shocking of the patients brain’s led to lessened symptoms when scored on a disorder
severity scale.
The down side from the aforementioned medical study was that out of the 17
volunteers 11 of them experienced severe side effects (brain bleeding and infection).
With this medical set back the cures for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder remain limited
and are unable to cure roughly 40% of the total population diagnosed with this serious
anxiety disorder.
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Paper 3/ Group A Chapter 13: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, p. 468 The textbook describes Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) as a chronic anxiety disorder typically characterized by distressing over repetitive thoughts and compulsions (tasks or rituals). This mental disorder occurs more frequently in teens and young adults and in some cases subsides with age (about 20% mature out of OCD). Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder can become such a persistent problem that it can interfere with everyday normal functions like brushing your teeth, opening a door, and doing homework to name a few. The attached article describes a recent medical study in Boston that attempted to cure 17 individuals of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder by using electrodes to stimulate their subthalamic nuclei. The experiment was attempted to find a more efficient cure for OCD than just cognitive-behavioral therapy and antidepressants (40% success rate). The shocking of the patients brain’s led to lessened symptoms when scored on a disorder severity scale. The down side from the aforementioned medical study was that out of the 17 volunteers 11 of them experienced severe side effects (brain bleeding and infection). With this medical set back the cures for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder remain limited and are unable to cure roughly 40% of the total population diagnosed with this serious anxiety disorder.

Brain stimulation may help obsessive disorder Wed Nov 12, 2008 10:16pm GMT By Gene Emery BOSTON (Reuters) - Stimulating an area near the base of the brain may help people with otherwise untreatable obsessive-compulsive disorder, researchers reported on Wednesday. But the pilot study of 16 volunteers showed a substantial rate of serious adverse effects, Dr. Luc Mallet of Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital in Paris and colleagues reported in the New England Journal of Medicine. Obsessive-compulsive disorder, or OCD, is caused by unwanted thoughts that continually intrude into a patient's mind and prompt constant repetitions of the same actions or thoughts, such as an urge to wash the hands constantly. About 2 percent of the population experiences OCD at some point in their lifetime. Treatment with cognitive-behavioral therapy and antidepressants fails up to 40 percent of the time, the researchers said. The Mallet team tried deep-brain stimulation in an area called the subthalamic nucleus because it integrates movement, cognition and the emotional components of behavior. All 16 volunteers had suffered from OCD for at least six years, and standard treatment had done little to help them. Stimulating the same region of the brain has been a treatment for Parkinson's disease since 1997. It relieves some of the tremor seen in those patients. The research team found that when electrodes were implanted and turned on, the volunteers scored an average of 19 points on a 40-point scale that measures the severity of symptoms. When their electrodes were kept off, they scored, on average, 28 points. On a second scale, in which a higher ranking on a scale of one to 90 indicated more improvement, patients scored 56 when the electrodes were active and 43 when they were not. Whenever the electrodes were turned off, the patients who had improved reverted to their old behaviors, the researchers said. But 11 volunteers suffered at lease one serious side effect, including four cases that were related to the surgery. One suffered brain bleeding. Two, including a 17th volunteer in whom the treatment was not tested, developed infections that required electrode removal. Among all the patients whose electrodes were activated, three became manic, two developed anxiety, another had involuntary movements and one developed an array of difficulties, including being unable to speak clearly or walk property. "Therefore, the benefits of this surgical treatment for symptoms of OCD should be carefully weighed against the potential occurrence of such serious adverse events," the researchers wrote. (Editing by Maggie Fox and Eric Beech) http://uk.reuters.com/article/healthNews/idUKTRE4AB94O20081112?sp=true