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OOPs in Java - Methods, Lecture notes of Computer Programming

University of Karachi (UK)Computer Programming

n Java, methods are functions defined within classes to perform specific tasks or operations. They encapsulate a block of code and can accept input parameters, execute logic, and return results. Methods are invoked by name and can be called from other methods within the same class or from external classes. They facilitate code reuse, modularity, and abstraction, contributing to the object-oriented programming paradigm in Java.

Typology: Lecture notes

2022/2023

Uploaded on 05/01/2024

mishi_tm
mishi_tm 🇵🇰

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LAMBDA EXPRESSION
INTRODUCTION
➢Lambda&expressions&are&used&for&de1ining&anonymous&expressions&or&
nameless&methods&or&functions.&
➢Lambda&expressions&are&de1ined&with&the&help&of&interfaces.&
➢If&a&interface&have&single&abstract&method&then&it&is&called&the&
functional&interface.&
➢The&lambda&expression&is&‘->’.&
➢These&lambda&expressions&are&very&powerful&and&very&useful&and&are&
very&handy&and&easy&for&programmers.&
PARAMETERS
➢A&method&can&take&multiple&parameters.&
➢Return&keyword&may&not&used&in&case&of&lambda&expression.&
➢They&contain&just&the&expressions&like&methods.&
➢The&lambda&expressions&may&have&either&no&parameters&or&one&or&
multiple&parameters.&
CAPTURE IN LAMBDA EXPRESSION
➢One&can&have&multiple&statements&in&lambda&expressions.&
➢Variables&can&be&declared&inside&the&lambda&expression&itself.&
➢Lambda&expressions&can&have&local&variable&also.&
➢These&expressions&can&access&the&local&variables&or&capture&local&
variables&if&they&are&1inal&or&they&cannot&be&modi1ied.&
pf2

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LAMBDA EXPRESSION

INTRODUCTION

➢ (^) Lambda expressions are used for de1ining anonymous expressions or nameless methods or functions. ➢ Lambda expressions are de1ined with the help of interfaces. ➢ (^) If a interface have single abstract method then it is called the functional interface. ➢ (^) The lambda expression is ‘->’. ➢ (^) These lambda expressions are very powerful and very useful and are very handy and easy for programmers.

PARAMETERS

➢ (^) A method can take multiple parameters. ➢ (^) Return keyword may not used in case of lambda expression. ➢ They contain just the expressions like methods. ➢ (^) The lambda expressions may have either no parameters or one or multiple parameters.

CAPTURE IN LAMBDA EXPRESSION

➢ (^) One can have multiple statements in lambda expressions. ➢ (^) Variables can be declared inside the lambda expression itself. ➢ Lambda expressions can have local variable also. ➢ (^) These expressions can access the local variables or capture local variables if they are 1inal or they cannot be modi1ied.

➢ (^) Lambda expressions can even capture instance variables they may or may not be 1inal. ➢ The lambda expressions are similar to inner classes. ➢ (^) Lambda expression can be passed as a method as an object as it is used to de1ine a method. ➢ (^) When a method is taking a functional interface as parameter then you can pass lambda expression to that method.

METHOD REFERENCE

➢ (^) Method references are either created or de1ined using functional interface. ➢ (^) :: ‘scope resolution operator in c/c++’ this is the operator used for the referencing. ➢ (^) In java ‘: :’ is used for method reference. ➢ (^) Any method can be called or referred to by the functional interface with a single method. ➢ To non-static members method are assigned using objects. ➢ (^) Constructor of any class can be assigned as method reference. ➢ (^) The above method is used to write compact code. ➢ (^) Method referencing is more like polymorphism.