OOPS - Introduction to programming paradigm, Study notes of Object Oriented Programming

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Introduction to programming

paradigm

Introduction to Programming Paradigm

 (^) A programming paradigm is a general

approach to programming or to the solution of problems using a programming language.

 (^) Thus programming languages that share

similar characteristics are clustered together in the same paradigm.

 (^) A programming language is a formal

language for some form of problem solving.

Types of paradigm

 (^) Procedural

 (^) Object-oriented

 (^) Functional

 (^) Logical

 (^) Data base query languages

 (^) Visual

 (^) Scripts

Procedural Programming

 (^) Procedural programming is by far the most

common form of programming.

 (^) A program is a series of instructions which

operate on variables. It is also known as imperative programming.

 (^) Examples of procedural programming

languages include FORTRAN, ALGOL, Pascal, C, MODULA2, Ada, BASIC

Object Oriented Programming

 (^) Object oriented programming was introduced

by Xerox with the language Smalltalk.

 (^) The most widely used object oriented

language is C++ which provides object extensions to C, but this is rapidly being overtaken by Java.

Object Oriented Programming

 (^) Object oriented programming is

characterized by the defining of classes of objects, and their properties.

 (^) Object oriented programming has proved to

be particularly successful in the design of user interfaces.

Functional Programming

 (^) Other functional languages include SCHEME, HOPE and ML.  (^) The major advantages of functional programming are that programs can be easy to understand and to formally reason about, and that functions are very reusable.  (^) The major disadvantage of functional programming is the difficulty of doing input- output since this is inherently non functional.

Logical Programming

 (^) Logic programming is usually equated with PROLOG programming  (^) Logic programming adopts a different approach to problem solving to both procedural programming and functional programming.  (^) A PROLOG program consists of facts and rules. Running a program consists of asking a query about a fact.

Data base query languages

 (^) Data base query languages allow the

development of applications on databases. Languages include DBASE, ORACLE, ACCESS, PARADOX.

 (^) The major advantages are the ease of use.

 (^) Disadvantages are execution speed and in

some cases limited processing capabilities.

Visual Programming

 (^) The user manipulates program shapes in a

graphical interface

 (^) Examples include Visual BASIC and Visual

C++.