Operating System Important Topics (B.Tech)
Unit 1: Introduction to OS
- Functions and types of OS (batch, multiprogramming, real-time)
- System calls and OS services
- Kernel vs shell
- Monolithic, layered, microkernel, modular architectures
Unit 2: Process Management
- Process vs Thread
- Process states and PCB (Process Control Block)
- Context Switching
- Multithreading models (user-level, kernel-level)
- Inter-process communication (IPC) - shared memory, message passing
Unit 3: CPU Scheduling
- Scheduling criteria and performance metrics (turnaround, waiting, response time)
- Scheduling algorithms: FCFS, SJF, Priority, Round Robin, Multilevel Queue
- Gantt chart-based problems
Unit 4: Synchronization and Deadlocks
- Critical section problem
- Synchronization tools: Semaphores, Mutex, Monitors
- Classical problems: Producer-Consumer, Reader-Writer, Dining Philosophers
- Deadlock: Conditions, prevention, avoidance (Banker's Algorithm), detection, recovery
Unit 5: Memory Management
- Logical vs physical address space
- Paging and segmentation
- MMU (Memory Management Unit)
- Virtual Memory concepts: Demand paging, Page fault, Thrashing
- Page Replacement Algorithms: FIFO, LRU, Optimal
Unit 6: File Systems
- File operations and file access methods
