ORELA Elementary Education Subtest 1
ELA Study Guide
Tools of communication children use to form their understanding of the word -
✔reading, writing, listening, speaking
Informal conversations - ✔time to talk about things that interest and excite children
Language Play - ✔exploring rhythms, sounds and tones
Rhymes an song - ✔experiences rich in rhythm and ryhme
Stories - ✔Discover new words and meanings (told or read aloud)
emergent literacy - ✔the critical stage of language development between birth and the
early elementary school years helps prepare children with the skills important for
conventional literacy
fundamental, relevant - ✔The key is to make reading and writing ___ to the everyday
life of the classroom and to make literacy activities ___ to each child.
listen, respond - ✔___ and ___ to what the children have to say and they will learn to
do the same.
Language delay is caused by... - ✔1. inadequate language stimulation
2. delayed general development
3. family who often talks for the child
4. medical/physical problems
5. family history of language delay
6. learning disabilities
7. autism spectrum disorder
receiving, interpreting, responding - ✔Listening is an active communication process
that involves ___, ___, and to verbal input.
Three steps in the Listening Process - ✔receiving, attending, assigning meaning
discriminative listening - ✔distinguishing beginning consonant sounds
aesthetic listening - ✔for enjoyment
critical listening - ✔to evaluate a message
